Table 4.

Risk of thyroid cancer associated with PE intake among female subjects.

PE intake	Controls (n = 306)	Cases (n = 317)	OR^a (95% CI)
Genistein (μg/day)
<760	64	71	1.00 (—)
760–1,260	62	55	0.59 (0.28–1.23)
1,260–1,860	66	63	0.95 (0.48–1.90)
1,860–3,110	55	65	0.88 (0.43–1.81)
>3,110	59	63	0.82 (0.40–1.68)
P for linear trend			0.37
Daidzein (μg/day)
<530	65	64	1.00 (—)
530–910	60	60	1.09 (0.53–2.25)
910–1,310	64	62	1.36 (0.67–2.77)
1,310–2,240	58	71	1.16 (0.57–2.35)
>2,240	59	60	1.03 (0.50–2.12)
P for linear trend			0.38
Biochanin A (μg/day)
<30	86	123	1.00 (—)
30–50	62	59	0.68 (0.34–1.35)
50–70	59	52	0.71 (0.35–1.43)
70–120	57	52	0.59 (0.29–1.21)
>120	42	31	0.56 (0.27–1.28)
P for linear trend			0.82
Formononetin (μg/day)
0	61	82	1.00 (—)
0–10	101	106	1.09 (0.57–2.07)
10–20	62	43	0.77 (0.37–1.58)
20–30	20	29	0.62 (0.22–1.75)
>30	62	57	0.82 (0.39–1.72)
P for linear trend			0.38
Glycitein (μg/day)
<100	68	71	1.00 (—)
100–170	62	60	0.89 (0.44–1.79)
170–260	66	66	1.17 (0.58–2.35)
260–430	52	60	0.96 (0.46–2.01)
>430	58	60	0.94 (0.46–1.89)
P for linear trend			0.42
Total isoflavones (μg/day)
<1,410	65	70	1.00 (—)
1,410–2,240	63	53	0.74 (0.36–1.52)
2,240–3,280	66	68	1.15 (0.57–2.30)
3,280–5,440	54	63	1.01 (0.49–2.09)
>5,440	58	63	0.94 (0.46–1.92)
P for linear trend			0.37
Coumestrol (μg/day)
<40	67	65	1.00 (—)
40–80	62	104	2.08 (1.01–4.29)
80–130	60	59	1.56 (0.73–3.35)
130–200	68	48	1.35 (0.63–2.88)
>200	49	41	1.50 (0.64–3.54)
P for linear trend			0.94
Total PEs (μg/day)
<1,510	63	69	1.00 (—)
1,510–2,470	65	67	0.94 (0.47–1.91)
2,470–3,400	64	54	1.21 (0.59–2.49)
3,400–5,560	56	63	0.89 (0.42–1.87)
>5,560	58	64	1.04 (0.51–2.12)
P for linear trend			0.37

↵^aAdjusted for age, race, family history of any cancer, education, BMI, history of benign thyroid disease, age at menarche, use of oral contraceptives, age at first full-term pregnancy, menopausal status, estrogen use, and previous alcohol consumption.