Distributions of breast cancer risk factors by race/ethnicity, postmenopausal women residing in California at baseline (n = 48,247), MEC, 1993–2010
| All women (n = 48,247)a | African American (n = 16,703)a | Japanese American (n = 5,063)a | Latino (n = 18,752)a | White (n = 7,729)a | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | |
| Age at baseline, y | |||||
| 45–49 | 2,992 (6.2) | 1,339 (8.0) | 199 (3.9) | 1,062 (5.7) | 392 (5.1) |
| 50–54 | 5,972 (12.4) | 2,152 (12.9) | 492 (9.7) | 2,490 (13.3) | 838 (10.8) |
| 55–59 | 10,133 (21.0) | 2,848 (17.1) | 880 (17.4) | 4,806 (25.6) | 1,599 (20.7) |
| 60–64 | 10,365 (21.5) | 2,762 (16.5) | 1,031 (20.4) | 4,851 (25.9) | 1,721 (22.3) |
| 65–69 | 9,458 (19.6) | 3,703 (22.2) | 1,061 (21.0) | 3,124 (16.7) | 1,570 (20.3) |
| 70–74 | 8,038 (16.7) | 3,350 (20.1) | 1,151 (22.7) | 2,142 (11.4) | 1,395 (18.0) |
| 75+ | 1,289 (2.7) | 549 (3.3) | 249 (4.9) | 277 (1.5) | 214 (2.8) |
| BMI at baseline, kg/m2 | |||||
| Underweight, <18.5 | 868 (1.8) | 171 (1.0) | 354 (7.0) | 177 (0.9) | 166 (2.1) |
| Normal, 18.5–24.9 | 16,612 (34.4) | 4,047 (24.2) | 3,437 (67.9) | 5,662 (30.2) | 3,466 (44.8) |
| Overweight, 25.0–29.9 | 17,378 (36.0) | 6,289 (37.7) | 1,056 (20.9) | 7,557 (40.3) | 2,476 (32.0) |
| Obese, ≥30.0 | 13,389 (27.8) | 6,196 (37.1) | 216 (4.3) | 5,356 (28.6) | 1,621 (21.0) |
| Adult weight gain since age 21,b,c kg | |||||
| Quintile 1: −130.5 to <5.4 | 8,732 (18.1) | 1,623 (9.7) | 2,354 (46.5) | 2,808 (15.0) | 1,947 (25.2) |
| Quintile 2: 5.4 to <11.3 | 8,104 (16.8) | 1,985 (11.9) | 1,349 (26.6) | 3,254 (17.4) | 1,516 (19.6) |
| Quintile 3: 11.3 to <17.6 | 9,318 (19.3) | 3,018 (18.1) | 775 (15.3) | 4,008 (21.4) | 1,517 (19.6) |
| Quintile 4: 17.6 to <24.8 | 8,678 (18.0) | 3,522 (21.1) | 286 (5.6) | 3,673 (19.6) | 1,197 (15.5) |
| Quintile 5: 25.2 to <90.0 | 8,804 (18.2) | 4,515 (27.0) | 86 (1.7) | 3,037 (16.2) | 1,166 (15.1) |
| Education | |||||
| High school graduate or less | 26,022 (53.9) | 7,057 (42.2) | 1,977 (39.0) | 13,770 (73.4) | 3,218 (41.6) |
| Some college/technical school | 13,511 (28.0) | 5,904 (35.3) | 1,838 (36.3) | 3,258 (17.4) | 2,511 (32.5) |
| College graduate | 4,155 (8.6) | 1,821 (10.9) | 761 (15.0) | 647 (3.5) | 926 (12.0) |
| Graduated and professional school | 3,855 (8.0) | 1,713 (10.3) | 442 (8.7) | 710 (3.8) | 990 (12.8) |
| Smoking status | |||||
| Never smoker | 25,784 (53.4) | 7,266 (43.5) | 3,403 (67.2) | 11,594 (61.8) | 3,521 (45.6) |
| Former smoker | 14,335 (29.7) | 5,864 (35.1) | 1,196 (23.6) | 4,479 (23.9) | 2,796 (36.2) |
| Current smoker | 6,858 (14.2) | 3,334 (20.0) | 415 (8.2) | 1,806 (9.6) | 1,303 (16.9) |
| Alcohol intake | |||||
| Non-drinker | 29,123 (60.4) | 10,172 (60.9) | 3,653 (72.2) | 11,838 (63.1) | 3,460 (44.8) |
| Drinker | 17,062 (35.4) | 5,831 (34.9) | 1,215 (24.0) | 6,140 (32.7) | 3,876 (50.1) |
| Moderate or vigorous physical activity,c h/d | |||||
| 0 | 3,840 (8.0) | 972 (5.8) | 119 (2.4) | 2,436 (13.0) | 313 (4.0) |
| Quartile 1: <0.4 | 7,953 (16.5) | 2,871 (17.2) | 707 (14.0) | 3,507 (18.7) | 868 (11.2) |
| Quartile 2: 0.4 to <0.7 | 11,901 (24.7) | 4,845 (29.0) | 1,335 (26.4) | 4,044 (21.6) | 1,677 (21.7) |
| Quartile 3: 0.7 to <1.2 | 10,589 (21.9) | 3,721 (22.3) | 1,246 (24.6) | 3,730 (19.9) | 1,892 (24.5) |
| Quartile 4: 1.2 to <13.3 | 12,153 (25.2) | 3,591 (21.5) | 1,575 (31.1) | 4,143 (22.1) | 2,844 (36.8) |
| Energy,c kcal/d | |||||
| Quintile 1: 417.4 to <1,152.8 | 9,237 (19.1) | 3,933 (23.5) | 905 (17.9) | 2,999 (16.0) | 1,400 (18.1) |
| Quintile 2: 1,152.8 to <1,533.2 | 9,237 (19.1) | 3,186 (19.1) | 1,227 (24.2) | 3,044 (16.2) | 1,780 (23.0) |
| Quintile 3: 1,533.2 to <1,947.0 | 9,237 (19.1) | 3,036 (18.2) | 1,224 (24.2) | 3,299 (17.6) | 1,678 (21.7) |
| Quintile 4: 1,947.0 to <2,606.9 | 9,237 (19.1) | 2,959 (17.7) | 1,003 (19.8) | 3,745 (20.0) | 1,530 (19.8) |
| Quintile 5: 2,606.9 to <7,211.3 | 9,237 (19.1) | 2,889 (17.3) | 509 (10.1) | 4,891 (26.1) | 948 (12.3) |
| Ever had mammogram | |||||
| Yes | 5,192 (10.8) | 1,293 (7.7) | 578 (11.4) | 2,596 (13.8) | 725 (9.4) |
| No | 41,384 (85.8) | 14,784 (88.5) | 4,356 (86.0) | 15,371 (82.0) | 6,873 (88.9) |
| Family history of breast cancerd | |||||
| Yes | 4,975 (10.3) | 1,003 (13.0) | 1,832 (11.0) | 516 (10.2) | 1,624 (8.7) |
| No | 39,380 (81.6) | 6,269 (81.1) | 13,498 (80.8) | 4,286 (84.7) | 15,327 (81.7) |
| Age at first birth, y | |||||
| Nulliparous | 5,691 (11.8) | 2,261 (13.5) | 800 (15.8) | 1,528 (8.1) | 1,102 (14.3) |
| <20 | 17,466 (36.2) | 7,442 (44.6) | 354 (7.0) | 7,468 (39.8) | 2,202 (28.5) |
| 21–30 | 21,009 (43.5) | 5,706 (34.2) | 3,288 (64.9) | 8,262 (44.1) | 3,753 (48.6) |
| >30 | 2,665 (5.5) | 668 (4.0) | 516 (10.2) | 960 (5.1) | 521 (6.7) |
| Age at menarche, y | |||||
| <12 | 22,666 (47.0) | 7,988 (47.8) | 2,251 (44.5) | 8,625 (46.0) | 3,802 (49.2) |
| 13–14 | 18,382 (38.1) | 6,211 (37.2) | 2,029 (40.1) | 7,147 (38.1) | 2,995 (38.8) |
| >14 | 6,344 (13.1) | 2,139 (12.8) | 713 (14.1) | 2,646 (14.1) | 846 (10.9) |
| Parity | |||||
| Nulliparous | 5,691 (11.8) | 2,261 (13.5) | 800 (15.8) | 1,528 (8.1) | 1,102 (14.3) |
| 1 | 5,432 (11.3) | 2,651 (15.9) | 581 (11.5) | 1,271 (6.8) | 929 (12.0) |
| 2–3 | 18,106 (37.5) | 5,825 (34.9) | 2,784 (55.0) | 5,811 (31.0) | 3,686 (47.7) |
| ≥4 | 18,342 (38.0) | 5,735 (34.3) | 868 (17.1) | 9,805 (52.3) | 1,934 (25.0) |
| Menopause status | |||||
| Natural menopause | 26,584 (55.1) | 7,611 (45.6) | 3,354 (66.2) | 11,121 (59.3) | 4,498 (58.2) |
| Oophorectomy | 7,685 (15.9) | 3,198 (19.1) | 718 (14.2) | 2,395 (12.8) | 1,374 (17.8) |
| Hysterectomy | 9,441 (19.6) | 4,153 (24.9) | 552 (10.9) | 3,402 (18.1) | 1,334 (17.3) |
| Hormone replacement therapy | |||||
| Never estrogen use | 23,367 (48.4) | 8,752 (52.4) | 2,385 (47.1) | 9,303 (49.6) | 2,927 (37.9) |
| Past estrogen use | 9,519 (19.7) | 3,672 (22.0) | 737 (14.6) | 3,562 (19.0) | 1,548 (20.0) |
| Current unopposed estrogen use | 6,312 (13.1) | 2,037 (12.2) | 768 (15.2) | 2,177 (11.6) | 1,330 (17.2) |
| Current estrogen–progesterone use | 6,083 (12.6) | 1,231 (7.4) | 1,008 (19.9) | 2,183 (11.6) | 1,661 (21.5) |