Table 3.

Proportional hazards models for risk of death

	Adjusted estimates
	Full model		Reduced model
	HR_Adj (CI)	P	HR_Adj (CI)	P
PMA^a	0.98 (0.96–0.99)	0.044	0.97 (0.96–0.99)	0.002
Age:	1.01 (0.99–1.03)	0.297
Sex:
Male	1.65 (1.11–2.46)	0.014	1.80 (1.24–2.63)	0.002
Female	Ref		Ref
Smoking
Never	Ref
Former	0.85 (0.49–1.43)
Current	0.84 (0.48–1.44)	0.797
Chronic bronchitis	1.09 (0.66–1.80)	0.745
Emphysema	1.51 (0.98–2.33)	0.064	1.51 (0.98–2.19)	0.070
Histology:
Adenocarcinoma	Ref		Ref
Squamous cell	0.82 (0.50–1.36)		0.83 (0.50–1.36)	0.451
Large cell	0.66 (0.36–1.21)		0.64 (0.35–1.17)	0.147
NSCLC (NOS/mixed)	0.62 (0.41–0.94)	0.121	0.61 (0.41–0.94)	0.113
Stage
I	Ref		Ref
II	1.72 (0.52–5.65)		1.46 (0.45–4.73)
III	4.05 (1.56–10.5)		3.46 (1.36–8.81)
IV	7.32 (3.07–17.4)	<0.001	6.28 (2.69–14.7)	<0.001
Radiation	1.03 (0.59–1.79)	0.915
Chemotherapy	0.73 (0.37–1.41)	0.344
Surgery	0.57 (0.37–0.87)	0.010	0.59 (0.39–0.90)	0.015
ECOG performance
Status 0–2	Ref		Ref
Status 3–4	2.01 (0.95–4.25)	0.070	2.15 (1.03–4.446)	0.101
BMI	0.98 (0.94–1.02)	0.262

NOTE: For chronic bronchitis and emphysema, references are “no chronic bronchitis” and “no emphysema,” respectively. For radiation, chemotherapy, and surgery, references are “no radiation,” “no chemotherapy,” and “no surgery,” respectively.
Abbreviation: NOS, not otherwise specified.
↵^aPer 1 cm² increase in PMA.