Associations (OR; 95% CI) between circulating sex steroid hormone concentrations and aggressive prostate cancer
| Quartile | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Estrogen and estrogen metabolism measures | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | Ptrend |
| All estrogens and estrogen metabolites | 1.00 | 1.27 (0.72–2.23) | 1.28 (0.72–2.27) | 0.84 (0.46–1.54) | 0.65 |
| 2-Hydroxylation pathway | 1.00 | 1.53 (0.87–2.70) | 1.27 (0.71–2.28) | 0.94 (0.51–1.72) | 0.69 |
| 2-Hydroxylation pathway catechols | 1.00 | 1.35 (0.75–2.41) | 1.63 (0.92–2.87) | 0.87 (0.47–1.62) | 0.95 |
| 2-Hydroxyestrone | 1.00 | 1.48 (0.82–2.65) | 1.49 (0.84–2.64) | 0.91 (0.49–1.68) | 0.89 |
| 2-Hydroxyestradiol | 1.00 | 1.23 (0.70–2.16) | 0.94 (0.52–1.68) | 0.92 (0.52–1.65) | 0.79 |
| 2-Hydroxylation pathway methylated catechols | 1.00 | 0.54 (0.30–0.98) | 0.71 (0.41–1.24) | 0.59 (0.33–1.06) | 0.14 |
| 2-Methoxyestrone | 1.00 | 0.47 (0.26–0.85) | 0.65 (0.37–1.13) | 0.53 (0.29–0.94) | 0.06 |
| 2-Methoxyestradiol | 1.00 | 1.07 (0.61–1.88) | 0.96 (0.54–1.70) | 0.80 (0.44–1.45) | 0.38 |
| 2-Hydroxyestrone-3-methyl ether | 1.00 | 0.75 (0.42–1.33) | 0.65 (0.36–1.15) | 0.82 (0.47–1.44) | 0.34 |
| 4-Hydroxylation pathway | 1.00 | 0.82 (0.46–1.45) | 1.13 (0.65–1.97) | 0.63 (0.34–1.14) | 0.33 |
| 4-Hydroxyestrone | 1.00 | 1.85 (1.05–3.28) | 1.20 (0.66–2.17) | 1.07 (0.58–1.97) | 0.89 |
| 4-Hydroxylation pathway methylated catechols | 1.00 | 0.63 (0.32–1.27) | 0.60 (0.30–1.20) | 0.54 (0.27–1.10) | 0.09 |
| 4-Methoxyestrone | 1.00 | 0.48 (0.24–0.97) | 0.67 (0.34–1.30) | 0.45 (0.22–0.92) | 0.08 |
| 4-Methoxyestradiol | 1.00 | 0.58 (0.29–1.17) | 0.70 (0.36–1.37) | 0.52 (0.25–1.06) | 0.12 |
| 16-Hydroxylation pathway | 1.00 | 1.02 (0.58–1.81) | 1.04 (0.59–1.83) | 0.76 (0.42–1.38) | 0.43 |
| 16α-Hydroxyestrone | 1.00 | 1.54 (0.86–1.77) | 1.73 (0.97–3.07) | 0.84 (0.44–1.58) | 0.87 |
| Estriol | 1.00 | 1.00 (0.57–1.75) | 0.77 (0.43–1.38) | 0.82 (0.46–1.49) | 0.33 |
| 17-Epiestriol | 1.00 | 0.73 (0.41–1.30) | 0.85 (0.48–1.50) | 0.83 (0.47–1.47) | 0.72 |
| 16-Ketoestradiol | 1.00 | 1.23 (0.69–2.19) | 1.41 (0.80–2.48) | 0.87 (0.47–1.60) | 0.80 |
| 16-Epiestriol | 1.00 | 0.75 (0.42–1.34) | 0.75 (0.42–1.34) | 0.72 (0.41–1.28) | 0.30 |
| Estrogen metabolic pathway ratios | |||||
| 2-Hydroxylation pathway:parent estrogens | 1.00 | 1.54 (0.86–2.76) | 0.85 (0.45–1.60) | 1.69 (0.95–3.02) | 0.24 |
| 4-Hydroxylation pathway:parent estrogens | 1.00 | 1.11 (0.62–2.01) | 1.40 (0.79–2.47) | 1.14 (0.63–2.05) | 0.51 |
| 16-Hydroxylation pathway:parent estrogens | 1.00 | 1.32 (0.74–2.35) | 0.98 (0.55–1.77) | 0.99 (0.55–1.78) | 0.71 |
| 2-Hydroxylation pathway:16-hydroxylation pathway | 1.00 | 1.31 (0.71–2.42) | 1.73 (0.96–3.12) | 1.53 (0.84–2.79) | 0.10 |
| 2-Hydroxyestrone:16-hydroxyestrone | 1.00 | 1.24 (0.65–2.37) | 1.87 (1.01–3.44) | 2.44 (1.34–4.45) | 0.001 |
| 2-Hydroxylation pathway:4-hydroxylation pathway | 1.00 | 1.41 (0.78–2.52) | 1.09 (0.61–1.98) | 1.29 (0.72–2.31) | 0.62 |
| 4-Hydroxylation pathway:16-hydroxylation pathway | 1.00 | 1.14 (0.63–2.03) | 1.18 (0.66–2.10) | 1.27 (0.71–2.27) | 0.42 |
| 2-Hydroxylation pathway methylated catechols:catechols | 1.00 | 1.12 (0.65–1.94) | 0.56 (0.31–1.02) | 0.73 (0.41–1.30) | 0.08 |
| 4-Hydroxylation pathway methylated catechols:catechols | 1.00 | 0.60 (0.30–1.22) | 1.01 (0.52–1.94) | 0.37 (0.17–0.80) | 0.08 |
NOTE: Adjusted for age at blood draw, BMI, and SHBG. Boldface indicates findings that are statistically significant.