Summary of findings from studies that measured protein expression of selected EMT markers and patient outcomes in colorectal cancer tumorsa
| Percent positiveb | Survival | Effect estimates | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Marker | # Studies | Range | # Studies | # With difference by marker status | # Studies | # With effect on outcomes |
| β-catenin | 5 | 42%–90% | 2 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
| Cytokeratins | 2 | 9%–85% | 2 | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| E-cadherin | 15 | 29%–92% | 4 | 3 | 3 | 1 |
| Fibronectin | 0 | — | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Integrins | 2 | 19%–88% | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| N-cadherin | 2 | 0%–44% | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
| Slug | 2 | 30%–37% | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Snail | 5 | 40%–79% | 3 | 2 | 2 | Mixed |
| TGFβ | 2 | 82%–89% | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Twist | 4 | 48%–100% | 1 | 1 | 3 | Mixed |
| Vimentin | 4 | 0%–49% | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| ZEB1 | 1 | 29% | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
| ZEB2 | 2 | 48%–90% | 1 | 1 | 1 | Mixed |
NOTE: Mixed, at least one study of a given marker reported both statistically significant and nonsignificant estimates of the effect of marker expression levels on outcomes.
↵aThe number of studies under percentage of tumors with positive marker expression, survival, or effect estimates refers to the number of studies that reported values for that measurement for a given marker.
↵bDefinitions of positive marker expression in a tumor generally varied across multiple studies of a given marker.