Biomarkers of AFB1 exposure and risk of HCC
AFB1 exposure | Cases, n (%) | Controls, n (%) | OR (95% CI) | OR (95% CI)* | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
AFB1-albumin adducts (fmol/mg) | ||||||||
Mean (SD) | 56.5 (53.5) | 59.8 (59.5) | ||||||
Nondetectable | 15 (6.5) | 57 (5.4) | 1.0 | 1.0 | ||||
Detectable | 215 (93.5) | 995 (94.6) | 0.92 (0.49-1.74) | 0.99 (0.48-2.02) | ||||
Below mean (<59.8) | 155 (67.4) | 708 (67.3) | 1.0 | 1.0 | ||||
Above mean (≥59.8) | 75 (32.6) | 344 (32.7) | 1.10 (0.76-1.60) | 1.54 (1.01-2.36)† | ||||
<26.9 | 66 (28.7) | 263 (25.0) | 1.0 | 1.0 | ||||
≥26.9 to <43.5 | 58 (25.2) | 262 (24.9) | 0.92 (0.61-1.41) | 1.11 (0.69-1.83) | ||||
≥43.5 to <71.35 | 49 (22.3) | 264 (25.1) | 0.76 (0.48-1.21) | 1.18 (0.69-2.03) | ||||
≥71.35 | 57 (24.8) | 263 (25.0) | 0.94 (0.58-1.51) | 1.47 (0.83-2.58) | ||||
Ptrend = 0.58 | Ptrend = 0.19 | |||||||
Urinary AFB1 metabolites (fmol/mL) | ||||||||
Mean (SD) | 71.3 (54.9) | 55.2 (41.9) | ||||||
Nondetectable | 23 (11.6) | 107 (11.9) | 1.0 | 1.0 | ||||
Detectable | 175 (88.4) | 797 (88.1) | 1.07 (0.59-1.94) | 1.70 (0.89-3.25) | ||||
Below mean (<55.2) | 85 (42.9) | 509 (56.3) | 1.0 | 1.0 | ||||
Above mean (≥55.2) | 113 (57.1) | 395 (43.7) | 1.77 (1.27-2.47)† | 1.76 (1.18-2.58)† | ||||
<25.7 | 45 (22.7) | 225 (24.9) | 1.0 | 1.0 | ||||
≥25.7 to 48.5 | 31 (15.7) | 223 (24.7) | 0.76 (0.45-1.27) | 0.98 (0.54-1.78) | ||||
≥48.5 to 77.35 | 45 (22.7) | 230 (25.4) | 0.97 (0.59-1.59) | 0.95 (0.55-1.69) | ||||
≥77.35 | 77 (38.9) | 226 (25.0) | 1.91 (1.21-3.01)† | 1.99 (1.18-3.36)† | ||||
Ptrend = 0.0009 | Ptrend = 0.008 |