Comparison among four two-stage community-based HCC screenings
| References* | Model 1 (9)* | Model 2 (10, 2, 15)* | Model 3 (19)* | Model 4 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| First author | Wu JC | Chen CJ, 1995 | Lu SN | Current study |
| Year published | 1988 | Chen TH, 2002 Yang HI, 2002 | 2006 | |
| Sample size of screening | 1,894 | Male/female: 12,026/1,800 | (Low)† 1,694, (High)† 4,616 | 56,702 |
| Screening makers in first stage | AFP | HBsAg, anti-HCV, AFP, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, family history | Platelet | (A), (P), (B)‡ |
| % High-risk subjects identified from population | 1% | Male/female: 30.9%/34.6% | (Low) 6.1%, (High)17.9% | (A) 0.64%, (P) 5.33%, (B) 5.70% |
| Estimated sensitivity for HCC detection | Not available | >90% | 48% | (A) 50.5%, (P) 54.5%, (B) 71.3% |
| Second-stage Screening tools | US in hospital | US in community | US, AFP in community | US in community |
| PPV of first-stage marker(s) | 21% | Not available | (Low) 0%, (High) 4.27% | 17.8%, 1.89%, 2.41% |
| Surveillance program for high-risk group | Nil | Cirrhosis every 3 mo, others every 6 mo | Nil | Limited to HBsAg(+), anti-HCV(+), or cirrhosis |
↵* (9), Wu JC, Liver 1988; (10), Chen CJ, J Formosan Med Assoc 1995; (2), Chen THH, Int J Cancer 2002; (15), Yang HI, NEJM 2002; (18), Lu SN, Cancer 2006.
↵† (Low) and (High), low and high prevalence areas of hepatitis C and hepatocellular carcinoma.
↵‡ (A), AFP alone; (P), platelet count alone; (Both), combination of both AFP and platelet count.