Characteristics of colorectal cancer cases and controls: median (interquartile range), except where noted
| Male | Female | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Case (n = 1,143) | Control (n = 1,143) | Case (n = 816) | Control (n = 816) | |||||
| Age, y | 67 (60-73) | 67 (60-73) | 67 (58-73) | 67 (58-73) | ||||
| Ethnicity* | ||||||||
| Japanese | 605 (53) | 605 (53) | 447 (55) | 447 (55) | ||||
| Caucasian | 303 (27) | 303 (27) | 192 (24) | 192 (24) | ||||
| Native Hawaiian | 116 (10) | 116 (10) | 85 (10) | 85 (10) | ||||
| Filipino | 70 (6) | 70 (6) | 50 (6) | 50 (6) | ||||
| Chinese | 49 (4) | 49 (4) | 42 (5) | 42 (5) | ||||
| Family history*,† | 158 (14) | 87 (8) | 129 (16) | 60 (7) | ||||
| Lifetime recreational activities, h | 3,264 (288-10,080) | 5,184 (1,008-12,348) | 384 (0-2,880) | 624 (0-3,384) | ||||
| Body mass index 5 y ago, kg/m2 | 25 (23-28) | 24 (22-27) | 23 (21-26) | 23 (21-26) | ||||
| Dietary intake‡ | ||||||||
| Energy, kcal/d | 2,338 (1,796-3,035) | 2,119 (1,657-2,712) | 1,756 (1,321-2,228) | 1,650 (1,270-2,120) | ||||
| NSP from vegetables, g/d | 3.0 (1.8-4.4) | 3.6 (2.2-5.0) | 3.0 (2.1-4.1) | 3.5 (2.3-5.0) | ||||
| Total calcium§, mg/d | 718 (507-1,108) | 782 (543-1,460) | 763 (489-2,307) | 984 (510-3,998) | ||||
| Alcohol, g/d | 2.3 (0.1-24) | 1.3 (0.1-16) | 0.1 (0-0.4) | 0.1 (0-0.3) | ||||
| Eggs, g/d | 18 (10-36) | 15 (7-27) | 12 (5-22) | 8 (4-17) | ||||
| Methionine, g/d | 1.8 (1.6-2.1) | 1.8 (1.6-2.1) | 1.4 (1.2-1.6) | 1.4 (1.3-1.6) | ||||
| Smoking characteristics* | ||||||||
| Never smoker | 298 (26) | 380 (33) | 489 (60) | 529 (65) | ||||
| Former smoker | 615 (54) | 584 (51) | 214 (26) | 185 (23) | ||||
| Current smoker | 230 (20) | 179 (16) | 113 (14) | 101 (12) | ||||
| Age started∥ | 18 (16-20) | 18 (16-20) | 20 (18-25) | 20 (18-25) | ||||
| Time since smoking commenced, y∥ | 48 (41-54) | 48 (41-55) | 42 (33-50) | 41 (33-49) | ||||
| Amount∥, cigarettes/pipes/cigars per day | 20 (15-36) | 20 (11-30) | 15 (8-20) | 10 (6-20) | ||||
| Duration∥, y | 33 (22-43) | 31 (19-42) | 31 (18-43) | 28 (13-37) | ||||
| Pack-years | ||||||||
| All tobacco products∥ | 36 (17-59) | 28 (12-48) | 20 (7-40) | 15 (5-35) | ||||
| Non-filtered cigarettes¶ | 16 (7-33) | 11 (5-24) | 9 (3-20) | 5 (1,11) | ||||
| Filtered cigarettes¶ | 28 (14-45) | 23 (10-40) | 19 (7-35) | 16 (7-30) | ||||
| Cigars¶ | 2 (1-6) | 2 (0-5) | 3 (2-3) | 2 (2-4) | ||||
| Pipe¶ | 1 (0-4) | 1 (0-4) | ** | ** | ||||
Abbreviation: NSP, non-starch polysaccharides.
↵* n (%).
↵† Family history of colorectal cancer among parents and siblings.
↵‡ Dietary intakes (except energy) are calorie adjusted.
↵§ From foods and supplements.
↵∥ Among smokers.
↵¶ Among smokers of specific tobacco product.
↵** No data available, only two women reported pipe smoking.