Summary of nested case-control studies of C. pneumoniae and lung cancer risk with blood collected before lung cancer diagnosis in cases and a comparable time in controls
| First author, year, location | Population | Number of subjects | Time between blood sampling and lung cancer diagnosis/censoring (y) | Variables adjusted for in multivariate models |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Laurila, 1997 (23), Finland | Male smokers involved in a randomized trial of β-carotene and α-tocopherol | 230 cases/230 controls | 3-8 (median = 6.1) | Years of smoking and cigarettes smoked per day |
| Anttila, 2003 (28), Finland | Women in 1st trimester of pregnancy in Finnish Maternity Cohort | 58 cases/287 controls | 1.6-16.7 (mean = 9.1) | Current smoking defined by serum cotinine levels |
| Littman, 2004 (29), USA | Men and women involved in a randomized trial of β-carotene and retinol | 508 cases/508 controls | 0-16 (median = 9) | Years of smoking, cigarettes smoked per day, education, and body mass index (kg/m2) |