Hormone concentrations [Geometric Mean (95% Confidence Interval)] at baseline and at 3 and 12 months in exercise intervention and control participants by change in percentage body fat
| Exercisers | Controls | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Baseline | 3 Months | 12 Months | Baseline | 3 Months | 12 Months | |||||||
| Androstenedione (pg/mL) | ||||||||||||
| Gained percentage body fat | 498 (432-573) | 505 (433-590) | 473 (410-546) | 601 (513-704) | 562 (479-659) | 538 (461-628) | ||||||
| No change in percentage body fat | 526 (459-603) | 443 (345-570) | 551 (437-694) | 574 (473-696) | 527 (455-611) | 502 (434-582) | ||||||
| Lost 0.5-2% body fat | 526 (460-602) | 489 (405-591) | 470 (424-521) | 595 (527-672) | 608 (530-697) | 526 (467-592) | ||||||
| Lost >2% body fat | 558 (472-661) | 463 (398-540) | 463 (398-539) | 557 (471-659) | 554 (462-664) | 506 (441-580) | ||||||
| DHEA (ng/mL) | ||||||||||||
| Gained percentage body fat | 1.59 (1.12-2.26) | 1.63 (1.13-2.34) | 1.46 (1.00-2.14) | 2.53 (2.08-3.09) | 2.50 (2.04-3.07) | 2.26 (1.89-2.72) | ||||||
| No change in percentage body fat | 2.16 (1.75-2.67) | 1.84 (1.28-2.66) | 2.31 (1.63-3.29) | 2.54 (2.07-3.11) | 2.29 (1.89-2.77) | 2.27 (1.90-2.73) | ||||||
| Lost 0.5-2% body fat | 2.26 (1.80-2.84) | 2.15 (1.62-2.85) | 1.99 (1.60-2.49) | 2.55 (2.14-3.04) | 2.50 (2.18-2.88) | 2.33 (1.97-2.75) | ||||||
| Lost >2% body fat | 2.51 (2.02-3.12) | 2.18 (1.77-2.67) | 2.01 (1.63-2.50) | 1.83 (1.44-2.33) | 1.81 (1.27-2.57) | 1.68 (1.32-2.15) | ||||||
| DHEA-S (μg/dL) | ||||||||||||
| Gained percentage body fat | 41.9 (29.5-59.5) | 42.7 (31.8-57.4) | 37.3 (25.9-53.7) | 69.4 (53.2-90.4) | 63.5 (48.3-83.6) | 63.0 (48.7-81.6) | ||||||
| No change in percentage body fat | 52.1 (37.6-72.2) | 47.3 (29.9-74.8) | 52.4 (35.0-78.7) | 63.3 (48.1-83.1) | 54.5 (40.4-73.6) | 58.0 (43.6-77.2) | ||||||
| Lost 0.5-2% body fat | 52.3 (39.3-69.6) | 48.1 (35.2-65.7) | 50.2 (40.2-62.6) | 64.3 (52.1-79.2) | 63.2 (50.2-77.0) | 58.1 (46.3-72.8) | ||||||
| Lost >2% body fat | 62.5 (46.3-84.3) | 55.4 (42.4-72.3) | 48.9 (36.3-66.0) | 42.9 (26.6-69.3) | 43.4 (26.4-71.4) | 44.3 (28.8-68.2) | ||||||
| Testosterone (pg/mL) | ||||||||||||
| Gained percentage body fat | 215 (184-260) | 233 (191-284) | 237 (187-300) | 236 (198-281) | 217 (182-257) | 223 (184-269) | ||||||
| No change in percentage body fat | 224 (179-281) | 227 (189-273) | 234 (194-281) | 210 (170-260) | 214 (173-265) | 213 (168-271) | ||||||
| Lost 0.5-2% body fat | 213 (187-243) | 210 (187-236; P = 0.024)* | 200 (175-229; P = 0.027)† | 215 (190-242) | 215 (195-237) | 209 (190-230) | ||||||
| Lost >2% body fat | 199 (173-230) | 179 (154-207; P = 0.005)* | 183 (156-213; P = 0.023)† | 248 (196-315) | 244 (193-308) | 239 (192-298) | ||||||
| Free testosterone (pg/mL) | ||||||||||||
| Gained percentage body fat | 4.8 (4.1-5.7) | 5.1 (4.2-6.2) | 5.2 (4.2-6.5) | 4.8 (3.9-5.8) | 4.5 (3.7-5.4) | 4.5 (3.7-5.5) | ||||||
| No change in percentage body fat | 4.6 (3.6-6.0) | 4.4 (3.5-5.6; P = 0.065)* | 4.8 (3.9-5.9) | 4.6 (3.8-5.7) | 4.7 (3.7-5.8) | 4.7 (3.7-5.9) | ||||||
| Lost 0.5-2% body fat | 4.8 (4.2-5.5) | 4.6 (4.0-5.2; P = 0.033)* | 4.3 (3.7-4.9; P = 0.010)† | 4.6 (4.1-5.1) | 4.6 (4.2-5.0) | 4.4 (4.0-5.0) | ||||||
| Lost >2% body fat | 4.1 (3.6-4.7) | 3.6 (3.1-4.1; P = 0.010)* | 3.6 (3.1-4.2; P = 0.031)† | 5.4 (4.5-6.6) | 5.3 (4.3-6.5) | 5.0 (4.1-6.0) | ||||||
NOTE: The numbers of exercisers who gained, no change, lost 0.5% to 2.0% body fat, and lost >2% body fat were 16, 12, 29, and 26, respectively; the numbers of controls who gained, no change, lost 0.5% to 2.0% body fat, and lost >2% body fat were 27, 20, 25, and 11, respectively.
↵* P value for hormone change from baseline to 3 months in exercisers versus controls within level of percentage body fat change compared with those that gained percentage body fat. P values not presented were >0.05.
↵† P value for hormone change from baseline to 12 months in exercisers versus controls within level of percentage body fat change compared with those that gained percentage body fat. P values not presented were >0.05.