ORs and 95% CIs for prostate cancer associated with cigarette smoking
| Smoking variable | Cases, n (%) | Controls, n (%) | ORa (95% CI) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Smoking status | ||||||
| Nonsmoker | 281 (37) | 266 (38) | Referent | |||
| Former smoker | 349 (46) | 322 (46) | 1.0 (0.8–1.3) | |||
| Current smoker | 123 (16) | 115 (16) | 1.4 (1.0–2.0) | |||
| Smoking duration (yr)b | ||||||
| Nonsmokers | 281 (38) | 266 (38) | Referent | |||
| <10 | 73 (10) | 68 (10) | 0.9 (0.6–1.4) | |||
| 10–19 | 113 (15) | 100 (14) | 1.1 (0.8–1.5) | |||
| 20–29 | 89 (12) | 98 (14) | 1.0 (0.7–1.4) | |||
| 30–39 | 111 (14) | 103 (14) | 1.3 (0.9–1.8) | |||
| ≥40 | 86 (11) | 68 (10) | 1.5 (1.0–2.2) | |||
| Cigarettes/dayc | ||||||
| Nonsmokers | 281 (37) | 266 (38) | Referent | |||
| 1–10 | 91 (12) | 75 (11) | 1.1 (0.8–1.6) | |||
| 11–20 | 216 (29) | 230 (33) | 1.0 (0.8–1.3) | |||
| 21–30 | 74 (10) | 75 (11) | 1.1 (0.7–1.7) | |||
| 31–40 | 62 (8) | 37 (5) | 1.8 (1.1–2.9) | |||
| >40 | 29 (4) | 20 (3) | 1.5 (0.8–2.8) | |||
| Pack-years of smokingd | ||||||
| Nonsmoker | 281 (37) | 266 (38) | Referent | |||
| ≤10 | 122 (16) | 93 (13) | 1.1 (0.8–1.6) | |||
| 11–20 | 65 (9) | 92 (13) | 0.7 (0.5–1.1) | |||
| 21–30 | 72 (10) | 76 (11) | 1.0 (0.7–1.5) | |||
| 31–40 | 73 (10) | 73 (10) | 1.1 (0.8–1.7) | |||
| >40 | 140 (19) | 103 (15) | 1.6 (1.1–2.2) | |||
| Years since smoking cessatione | ||||||
| Nonsmoker | 281 (37) | 266 (38) | Referent | |||
| Current smoker | 123 (16) | 115 (16) | 1.4 (1.0–2.0) | |||
| <10 | 80 (11) | 73 (10) | 1.2 (0.8–1.7) | |||
| 10–19 | 98 (13) | 94 (13) | 1.1 (0.8–1.6) | |||
| 20–29 | 95 (13) | 86 (12) | 1.0 (0.7–1.5) | |||
| ≥30 | 76 (10) | 69 (10) | 0.8 (0.6–1.2) | |||
a ORs adjusted for age, race, family history of prostate cancer, history of PSA testing >1 year before reference date, and history of BPH.
b Trend test for smoking duration P = 0.07.
c Trend test for cigarettes per day P = 0.09.
d Pack-years = years smoked × cigarettes/day / 20; trend test for pack-years of smoking P = 0.03.
e Trend test for years since smoking cessation P = 0.02.