Table 2

Literature review of the sensitivity and specificity of various screening tests for chronic atrophic gastritis, classified by diagnostic method

Reference	Subjects (location)	Screening test	Outcome	Outcome prevalence (%)	Diagnostic method^a	Sensitivity (%)	Specificity (%)
Varis et al. (20)	159 relatives of patients with	PGI <20 μg/l	Atrophy	13.4	NS^b	91.3	97.3
	pernicious	Gastrin >100 ng/l				82.6	97.3
	(Finland)	PGI <20 μg/l+ gastrin >100 ng/l				82.6	100
Samloff et al.	170 relatives of patients with	PGI <62 μg/l+ PGI/II <4.3	AG (0)^c	13.5	NS	91.3	98.6
	pernicious (Finland)	PGI <62 μg/l+ PGI/II <4.3	AG	23.5		57.5	92.3
Kekki et al. (10)	276 relatives of gastric cancer	PGI <25 μg/l	AG (1)	2.7	NS	89.5	93.9
	patients	PGI <30 μg/l				89.5	91.5
	424 matched controls	Gastrin >200 ng/l				31.6	95.9
	73 relatives of patients with	Gastrin >100 ng/l				57.9	90.2
	pernicious anemia
	(Finland)
Guarner et al.	217 symptomatic patients	H. pylori (serology)	Atrophy	77.4^d	NS	93.4	50
(29)	28 asymptomatic controls	H. pylori (pathology)		72.7^e		92.3	21.1
	(Mexico)
Halissey et al. (8)	432 dyspepsia patients	PGI <20 μg/l	AG, IM, or polyp	16.1	NS	6	98.6
	26 asymptomatic controls	PGI <30 μg/l				11.9	96
	(United Kingdom)
Inoue et al. (7)	200 endoscopy patients	PGI ≤30 μg/l+ PGI/II <2	Atrophy	58.5	NS	18.8	100
	(Japan)	PGI ≤70 μg/l+ PGI/II ≤3				65	92.8
		PGI ≤40 μg/l+ PGI/II ≤2.5				82.1	74.7
		H. pylori (serology)				85.5	37.3
Faisal et al. (34)	125 healthy adults ages ≥65 years (United States)	H. pylori (serology)	AG	10.4	PGI/PGII <2.9+ PGI <20 μg/l	38.5	51.1
Borch et al. (6)	179 patients with AG	PGI <71.6 μg/l	Atrophy	78.2	Whitehead	96.6	86
	29 gastric cancer patients	PGI/II <5.5	Atrophy			99.4	94
	15 gastrectrectomy patients	PGI <71.6 μg/l	AG (0)	74.6		100	86
	50 normal controls	PGI/II <5.5	AG (0)			99.3	94
	(Sweden)
Sitas et al. (19)	87 endoscopy patients	PGI/II <1.5	AG (2)	25.3	Whitehead	26.7	89.1
	(United Kingdom)	H. pylori (serology)				86.7	78.3
		H. pylori+ PCI/PCII <1.5				26.7	95.7
Zhang et al. (23)	2646 healthy adults, ages 35–64	PGI/II <5	Atrophy	8.2	Chinese	19.2	72.1
	years	H. pylori (serology)			Assoc. of	87.5	29.7
	(China)				Gastric
					Cancer
Hu et al. (35)	161 H. pylori-positive non-ulcer dyspepsia patients	Age >40 years	Atrophy	59.6	Sydney	75	72.3
	(China)
Kuipers et al.	58 H. pylori-positive patients with	CagA (overall; serology)	Atrophy	44.8^f	Sydney	57.7	71.9
(13)	follow-up	CagA (at baseline)		24.1^g		57.1	63.6
	(the Neterlands)	CagA (at follow-up)		31.8^h		42.9	66.7
Asaka et al. (36)	85 healthy adults	H. pylori (serology)	Atrophy	52.9	Sydney	96	45
	(Japan)
Knight et al. (11)	6 workers with PGI <25 μg/l	PGI <25 μg/l	Atrophy	17.6	Sydney	44.4	97.6
	19 workers with PGI >150 μg/l	H. pylori (serology)				100	59.5
	34 matched controls	PGI <80 μg/l+ H. pylori				88.9	92.3
	(United Kingdom)	PGI <80 μg/l+ H. pylori+ PGI/II <2.5				77.8	100
Pilotto et al. (15)	71 endoscopy patients age ≥60 years	CagA (by PCR)	Atrophy	26.8	Sydney	78.9	57.7
	(Italy)

^a Method used to assess atrophy.
^b NS, not stated; AG, atrophic gastritis; IM, intestinal metaplasia.
^c Atrophic gastritis: 0, severe; 1, severe diffuse; 2, moderate chronic.
^d Analysis with serology.
^e Analysis with pathology.
^f \
^N
^h Prevalence: overall; at baseline; at follow-up.