RT Journal Article
SR Electronic
T1 Phytoestrogen Exposure Is Associated with Circulating Sex Hormone Levels in Postmenopausal Women and Interact with <em>ESR1</em> and <em>NR1I2</em> Gene Variants
JF Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers &amp; Prevention
JO Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev
FD American Association for Cancer Research
SP 1009
OP 1016
DO 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-06-0899
VO 16
IS 5
A1 Low, Yen-Ling
A1 Dunning, Alison M.
A1 Dowsett, Mitch
A1 Folkerd, Elizabeth
A1 Doody, Deborah
A1 Taylor, James
A1 Bhaniani, Amit
A1 Luben, Robert
A1 Khaw, Kay-Tee
A1 Wareham, Nick J.
A1 Bingham, Sheila A.
YR 2007
UL http://cebp.aacrjournals.org/content/16/5/1009.abstract
AB In this large cross-sectional study, we investigated the relationship between phytoestrogen exposure and circulating sex hormones and sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) levels in 1988 healthy postmenopausal women and their interactions with polymorphisms in genes involved in estrogen signaling. Plasma estradiol, testosterone, androstenedione, estrone, and SHBG were measured. Urinary levels of five isoflavones (daidzein, genistein, glycitein, O-desmethylangolensin, and equol) and two lignans (enterodiol and enterolactone) were measured and used as biomarkers for dietary intakes. Eighteen polymorphisms in ESR1, ESR2, and NR1I2 genes were genotyped. Results showed that lignans were positively associated with plasma SHBG levels (ηp2 = 1.2%; P &lt; 0.001) and negatively associated with plasma testosterone (ηp2 = 0.2%; P = 0.042). Equol was negatively associated with plasma estradiol levels (ηp2 = 0.3%; P = 0.028), whereas O-desmethylangolensin was positively associated with plasma estradiol level (ηp2 = 0.3%; P = 0.010). There were significant phytoestrogen interactions with polymorphisms in ESR1 and NR1I2 genes in affecting estrone levels. We conclude that phytoestrogens modulate sex hormone and SHBG levels in postmenopausal women and interact with gene variants involved in estrogen signaling. Such phytoestrogen-gene interactions may explain the conflicting literature on the hormonal effects of phytoestrogens. (Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2007;16(5):1009–16)