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Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention
Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention
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Research Articles

Serum Selenium and Subsequent Risk of Prostate Cancer

Abraham M. Y. Nomura, James Lee, Grant N. Stemmermann and Gerald F. Combs Jr.
Abraham M. Y. Nomura
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James Lee
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Grant N. Stemmermann
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Gerald F. Combs Jr.
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DOI:  Published September 2000
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Tables

  • Table 1

    Characteristics of prostate cancer cases and matched controls

    CharacteristicsCases (n = 249)Controls (n = 249)Two-sided Pa
    Born in United States (%)88.485.50.42
    Buddhist/Shinto religion (%)67.568.70.79
    High school education (%)57.849.80.07
    Married once (%)88.386.70.69
    Alcohol use (%)76.375.10.83
    Mean systolic blood pressure (mm/Hg)135.7137.90.23
    Mean serum cholesterol (mg/dl)218.3217.80.92
    Mean body mass index (kg/m2)23.824.00.40
    • a The exact binomial probability test for matched sample was used for comparing proportions; a paired t test was used for comparing means.

  • Table 2

    Age-adjusted ORsa and 95% confidence intervals for prostate cancer by cigarette smoking

    Cigarette smoking historyNo. of cases/controlsORs95% Confidence interval
    Nonsmoker87 /981.0
    Past smoker86 /831.20.8–1.8
    Current smoker76 /671.30.8–2.0
    1–30 pack-years20 /161.40.7–2.9
    >30 pack-years56 /511.20.8–2.0
    • a ORs and 95% confidence intervals were estimated by the Generalized Estimating Equations approach to correct for intracluster correlation.

  • Table 3

    ORsa for prostate cancer by quartile of serum selenium levels

    Selenium quartileb (ng/ml)No. of cases/controlsORs95% CIAdjusted ORsc95% CI
    1 (<119.3)75 /621.01.0
    2 (119.3 < 130.6)64 /630.90.5–1.50.90.5–1.4
    3 (130.6 < 147.2)72 /620.90.6–1.61.00.6–1.6
    4 (≥147.2)38 /620.50.3–0.90.50.3–0.9
    Two-sided P for trend0.020.02
    • a ORs and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated by the Generalized Estimating Equations approach to correct for intracluster correlation.

    • b Quartiles were based on the cutpoint value of the controls.

    • c ORs were adjusted for cigarette smoking history (nonsmoker, past smoker, or current smoker) in addition to age (by matching).

  • Table 4

    ORsa for prostate cancer by serum selenium levelsb, stratified by age at diagnosis, time interval between examination and diagnosis, severity of disease, and cigarette smoking history

    CharacteristicNo. of casesQuartile 2Quartile 3Quartile 4Two-sided P for trend
    OR (95% CI)OR (95% CI)OR (95% CI)
    Age at diagnosisc
    ≤75 years1510.8 (0.4–1.8)1.1 (0.5–2.6)0.7 (0.3–1.6)0.19
    >75 years981.0 (0.5–2.2)0.8 (0.4–1.7)0.8 (0.3–1.8)0.48
    Interval since examc
    5–15 years1420.9 (0.5–1.8)1.0 (0.5–1.8)0.4 (0.2–0.9)0.03
    >15 years880.8 (0.4–1.9)1.1 (0.5–2.7)0.7 (0.3–1.6)0.52
    Severity of diseasec
    Occult620.4 (0.1–1.1)0.5 (0.2–1.4)0.4 (0.1–1.2)0.19
    Localized1201.1 (0.5–2.2)1.2 (0.6–2.4)0.8 (0.4–1.8)0.76
    Advanced641.0 (0.4–2.8)0.9 (0.4–2.5)0.3 (0.1–0.8)0.01
    Smoking historyd
    Nonsmoker870.6 (0.3–1.5)1.3 (0.6–3.0)0.8 (0.4–1.9)0.93
    Past smoker861.3 (0.5–3.2)0.7 (0.3–1.6)0.5 (0.2–1.1)0.03
    Current smoker760.9 (0.4–2.1)0.9 (0.4–2.1)0.2 (0.1–0.8)0.02
    • a ORs and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated by the Generalized Estimating Equations approach to correct for intracluster correlation.

    • b Quartiles were based on the cutpoint value of the controls. Quartile 1 (lowest) was used as the reference group.

    • c Adjusted for cigarette smoking history (nonsmoker, past smoker, or current smoker) in addition to age (by matching).

    • d Adjusted for age because the age-matched case-control pairs were not retained in the subgroups.

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September 2000
Volume 9, Issue 9
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Serum Selenium and Subsequent Risk of Prostate Cancer
Abraham M. Y. Nomura, James Lee, Grant N. Stemmermann and Gerald F. Combs Jr.
Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev September 1 2000 (9) (9) 883-887;

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Serum Selenium and Subsequent Risk of Prostate Cancer
Abraham M. Y. Nomura, James Lee, Grant N. Stemmermann and Gerald F. Combs Jr.
Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev September 1 2000 (9) (9) 883-887;
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