Article Figures & Data
Figures
- Fig. 1.
Representative cell composition of induced sputum sample from a smoker [for visualization, three sections of the slide are assembled together by Image Processing and Analysis System (Quantimet 500, Leica, Cambridge, United Kingdom)]. A, BAM; B, neutrophil; C, bronchoepithelial cell; D, ciliated cell; E, lymphocyte; F, squamous cell. May Grünwald-Giemsa staining. Magnification, ×400. Bar, 30 μm.
- Fig. 2.
Representative chromatograms of the 32P-postlabeled DNA adducts in induced sputum of a smoker and a nonsmoker by the NP1 digestion method (A and B, respectively) and by the butanol extraction method (D and E, respectively; the radioactivity in the upper left-hand corner was also observed at the same location in standard DNA and therefore considered as background). C and F, BPDE-DNA adduct standards (1 adduct/107 nucleotides by NP1 and butanol enrichment methods, respectively).
- Fig. 3.
Levels of lipophilic DNA adducts in induced sputum of smokers and nonsmokers as determined by NP1 digestion and butanol extraction versions of the 32P-postlabeling assay. Lower and upper edges of the boxes, the 25th and the 75th percentiles, respectively. ○ and—— within the boxes, the means and the medians, respectively. Lower and upper bars, the 10th and the 90th percentiles, respectively. ○, individual values <10th or >90th percentiles.
Tables
- Table 1
Characteristics of study population and summary of DNA adducts analysis
Smokers Nonsmokers No. 20 24 Sex (male/female) 7/13 6/18 Agea 39 ± 11 34 ± 8 Cigarettes/daya 17 ± 8 0 Tar/day (mg)a 345 ± 196 0 Smoking yra 20 ± 10 0 Pack-yra 18 ± 14 0 Sputum induction (success/failure) 18/2 21/3 Lipophilic DNA adducts in sputum (NP1 digestion method)a,b 3.1 ± 1.4c 0.6 ± 0.8 Lipophilic DNA adducts in sputum (butanol extraction method)a,b 4.6 ± 3.7d 1.0 ± 1.9 -
a Results expressed as mean ± SD.
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b Adducts/108 nucleotides as determined by 32P-postlabeling.
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c Statistically significant compared to nonsmokers; P = 0.0007.
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d Statistically significant compared to nonsmokers; P = 0.02.
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- Table 2
Cellular characteristics and DNA yield of induced sputum
Smokers (mean ± SD) Nonsmokers (mean ± SD) Total cell count (× 106) 6.7 ± 6.0 4.7 ± 6.0 Viability (%) 80 ± 15a 63 ± 17 Squamous cells (%) 17 ± 13 16 ± 12 Nonsquamous cells (%) 83 ± 13 84 ± 12 BAMs (%) 69 ± 24b 92 ± 5 Neutrophils (%) 26 ± 26c 4 ± 4 Bronchoepithelial cells (%) 5 ± 5 3 ± 4 Lymphocytes (%) 0.3 ± 0.5 0.3 ± 0.5 Methachromatic cells (%) 0.2 ± 0.6 0.2 ± 0.6 DNA yield (μg) 56 ± 55 30 ± 35 -
a Statistically significant compared to nonsmokers; P = 0.01.
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b Statistically significant compared to nonsmokers; P = 0.002.
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c Statistically significant compared to nonsmokers; P = 0.008.
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Volume 9, Issue 4
