Article Figures & Data
Tables
- Table 1
Selected characteristics of the study subjects
Case/controla ORb (95% CI) Menopausal status Premenopausal 164 /204 1.0 Postmenopausal 319 /278 0.73 (0.42–1.27) Age at menarche <13 98 /101 1.0 13–14 219 /251 0.82 (0.59–1.16) ≥15 150 /127 0.99 (0.68–1.46) Age at FFTP Nulliparous 102 /57 1.0 ≤25 237 /263 0.55 (0.38–0.81) 26–30 94 /122 0.44 (0.29–0.69) ≥31 47 /40 0.64 (0.36–1.12) Number of full-term pregnancies Nulliparous 102 /57 1.0 1 68 /64 0.59 (0.36–0.98) 2 141 /181 0.50 (0.33–0.76) 3+ 171 /180 0.54 (0.36–0.80) Use of oral contraceptives Never 313 /243 1.0 Ever 164 /239 0.66 (0.48–0.91) Postmenopausal use of estrogen Never 221 /164 1.0 Ever 91 /114 0.82 (0.58–1.16) WHR ≤0.91 187 /236 1.0 >0.91 291 /243 1.38 (1.06–1.81) BMI ≤25.4 208 /240 1.0 >25.4 260 /239 1.22 (0.92–1.62) First-degree family history of breast cancer No 424 /459 1.0 Yes 54 /22 2.53 (1.48–4.31) History of benign breast disease No 296 /313 1.0 Yes 180 /167 1.33 (1.01–1.75) Educationc Low 292 /277 1.0 Medium 127 /135 1.11 (0.81–1.52) High 62 /69 1.19 (0.78–1.80) Current alcohol intake Never 271 /206 1.0 Once a month or less 134 /187 0.74 (0.54–1.01) Daily–weekly 75 /89 0.87 (0.59–1.29) Smoking habits Never 363 /351 1.0 Ex-smoker 52 /67 0.94 (0.62–1.41) Current smoker 64 /64 1.34 (0.87–1.93) -
a Total number of cases and controls does not correspond because of missing values.
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b Adjusted for age.
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c Low: none or primary school; medium: junior high school, college or corresponding; high: senior high school, trade school, or university.
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- Table 2
Associations between CYP17 genotype and breast cancer according to menopausal status at diagnosis of the case patient
A1/A1 A1/A2 A2/A2 A1/A2 and A2/A2 All Cases, n (%) 199 (41.5) 227 (47.4) 53 (11.1) 280 (58.5) Controls, n (%) 200 (41.7) 220 (45.8) 60 (12.5) 280 (58.3) OR (95% CI)a 1.0 0.96 (0.71–1.28) 0.79 (0.50–1.26)b 0.92 (0.69–1.22) Menopausal status at diagnosis Premenopausal Cases, n (%) 77 (47.2) 71 (43.6) 15 (9.2) 86 (52.8) Controls, n (%) 88 (43.3) 88 (43.3) 27 (13.3) 115 (56.7) OR (95% CI)a 1.0 0.87 (0.54–1.39) 0.63 (0.30–1.32)b 0.81 (0.52–1.27) Postmenopausal Cases, n (%) 122 (38.6) 156 (49.4) 38 (12.0) 194 (61.4) Controls, n (%) 112 (40.4) 132 (47.7) 33 (11.9) 165 (59.6) OR (95% CI)a 1.0 1.00 (0.68–1.48) 0.98 (0.53–1.80)b 1.00 (0.69–1.45) -
a Adjusted for age, age at menarche, age at FFTP, number of full term pregnancies, first-degree family history of breast cancer, history of benign breast disease, use of oral contraceptives, WHR, and postmenopausal use of estrogen.
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b P for trend: all, 0.228; premenopausal, 0.381; postmenopausal, 0.961.
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- Table 3
Number of breast cancer cases and controls, and ORsa associated with CYP17 polymorphism by menopausal status and tumor stage
A1/A1 A1/A2 A2/A2 A1/A2 and A2/A2 Premenopausal Controls, n (%) 88 (43.3) 88 (43.3) 27 (13.3) 115 (56.7) Cases by stage Local, n (%) 42 (43.8) 44 (45.8) 10 (10.4) 54 (56.2) OR (95% CI) 1.0b 1.02 (0.59–1.76) 0.73 (0.31–1.72)c 0.95 (0.56–1.60) Advanced, n (%) 35 (52.2) 27 (40.3) 5 (7.5) 32 (47.8) OR (95% CI) 1.0b 0.62 (0.32–1.20) 0.43 (0.14–1.27)d 0.58 (0.31–1.07) Postmenopausal Controls, n (%) 112 (40.4) 132 (47.7) 33 (11.9) 165 (59.6) Cases by stagee Local, n (%) 78 (40.2) 90 (46.4) 26 (13.4) 116 (59.8) OR (95% CI) 1.0b 1.02 (0.65–1.60) 1.09 (0.55–2.16)f 1.03 (0.67–1.59) Advanced, n (%) 39 (34.8) 63 (56.3) 10 (8.9) 73 (65.2) OR (95% CI) 1.0b 1.02 (0.58–1.79) 0.86 (0.34–2.18)g 0.99 (0.57–1.69) -
a Adjusted for age, age at menarche, age at FFTP, number of full term pregnancies, first-degree family history of breast cancer, history of benign breast disease, use of oral contraceptives, WHR, and postmenopausal use of estrogen.
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b Subjects with A1/A1 genotype serve as the reference category.
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c P for trend = 0.593.
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d P for trend = 0.059.
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e Total number does not correspond because the stage of the disease could not be classified for 10 patients because of missing information on lymph node involvement.
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f P for trend = 0.830.
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g P for trend = 0.832.
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- Table 4
Association between CYP17 genotypes and breast cancer risk stratified by selected characteristics
Premenopausal Postmenopausal A1/A1 A1/A2 and A2/A2 A1/A1 A1/A2 and A2/A2 Case/control ORa (95% CI) Case/control ORa (95% CI) Case/control ORa (95% CI) Case/control ORa (95% CI) Age at menarche <13 yr 25 /16 1.0 24 /29 1.0 19 /28 1.0 30 /28 1.0 ≥13 yr 52 /72 0.34 (0.15–0.76) 62 /86 0.82 (0.42–1.63) 96 /83 1.49 (0.72–3.10) 155 /135 0.99 (0.52–1.89) Postmenopausal use of estrogen Never 86 /69 1.0 134 /94 1.0 Ever 33 /43 1.14 (0.59–2.18) 56 /71 0.85 (0.51–1.42) Use of oral contraceptives Never 24 /24 1.0 32 /28 1.0 92 /76 1.0 164 /114 1.0 Ever 53 /64 1.15 (0.49–2.72) 54 /87 0.56 (0.28–1.10) 27 /36 0.82 (0.38–1.77) 27 /51 0.56 (0.29–1.08) Parity Nulliparous 18 /7 1.0 12 /13 1.0 27 /15 1.0 45 /22 1.0 Parous 59 /81 0.22 (0.07–0.62) 74 /102 0.79 (0.31–2.02) 95 /97 0.58 (0.25–1.31) 148 /143 0.66 (0.35–1.24) Age at FFTP for parous women ≤23 yr 29 /32 1.0 31 /45 1.0 41 /43 1.0 64 /80 1.0 >24 yr 30 /49 0.83 (0.39–1.79) 43 /57 1.35 (0.69–2.64) 54 /54 0.89 (0.45–1.77) 82 /63 1.45 (0.82–2.59) BMI ≤25.4 53 /57 1.0 47 /68 1.0 45 /45 1.0 62 /69 1.0 >25.4 24 /30 0.63 (0.27–1.43) 39 /46 1.03 (0.53–2.01) 71 /67 1.38 (0.70–2.70) 123 /95 1.70 (0.98–2.94) WHR <0.91 35 /52 1.0 36 /61 1.0 40 /51 1.0 74 /72 1.0 ≥0.91 41 /35 1.66 (0.83–3.34) 50 /53 1.52 (0.83–2.81) 79 /60 1.70 (0.93–3.11) 119 /93 1.13 (0.69–1.85) -
a Adjusted for age, age at menarche, age at FFTP, number of full term pregnancies, first-degree family history of breast cancer, history of benign breast disease, use of oral contraceptives, WHR, and postmenopausal use of estrogen.
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