Steroid Metabolism Gene CYP17 Polymorphism and the Development of Breast Cancer

DOI: Published December 2000

Article Figures & Data

Table 1

Selected characteristics of the study subjects

	Case/control^a	OR^b (95% CI)
Menopausal status
Premenopausal	164 /204	1.0
Postmenopausal	319 /278	0.73 (0.42–1.27)
Age at menarche
<13	98 /101	1.0
13–14	219 /251	0.82 (0.59–1.16)
≥15	150 /127	0.99 (0.68–1.46)
Age at FFTP
Nulliparous	102 /57	1.0
≤25	237 /263	0.55 (0.38–0.81)
26–30	94 /122	0.44 (0.29–0.69)
≥31	47 /40	0.64 (0.36–1.12)
Number of full-term pregnancies
Nulliparous	102 /57	1.0
1	68 /64	0.59 (0.36–0.98)
2	141 /181	0.50 (0.33–0.76)
3+	171 /180	0.54 (0.36–0.80)
Use of oral contraceptives
Never	313 /243	1.0
Ever	164 /239	0.66 (0.48–0.91)
Postmenopausal use of estrogen
Never	221 /164	1.0
Ever	91 /114	0.82 (0.58–1.16)
WHR
≤0.91	187 /236	1.0
>0.91	291 /243	1.38 (1.06–1.81)
BMI
≤25.4	208 /240	1.0
>25.4	260 /239	1.22 (0.92–1.62)
First-degree family history of breast cancer
No	424 /459	1.0
Yes	54 /22	2.53 (1.48–4.31)
History of benign breast disease
No	296 /313	1.0
Yes	180 /167	1.33 (1.01–1.75)
Education^c
Low	292 /277	1.0
Medium	127 /135	1.11 (0.81–1.52)
High	62 /69	1.19 (0.78–1.80)
Current alcohol intake
Never	271 /206	1.0
Once a month or less	134 /187	0.74 (0.54–1.01)
Daily–weekly	75 /89	0.87 (0.59–1.29)
Smoking habits
Never	363 /351	1.0
Ex-smoker	52 /67	0.94 (0.62–1.41)
Current smoker	64 /64	1.34 (0.87–1.93)

^a Total number of cases and controls does not correspond because of missing values.
^b Adjusted for age.
^c Low: none or primary school; medium: junior high school, college or corresponding; high: senior high school, trade school, or university.

Table 2

Associations between CYP17 genotype and breast cancer according to menopausal status at diagnosis of the case patient

	A1/A1	A1/A2	A2/A2	A1/A2 and A2/A2
All
Cases, n (%)	199 (41.5)	227 (47.4)	53 (11.1)	280 (58.5)
Controls, n (%)	200 (41.7)	220 (45.8)	60 (12.5)	280 (58.3)
OR (95% CI)^a	1.0	0.96 (0.71–1.28)	0.79 (0.50–1.26)^b	0.92 (0.69–1.22)
Menopausal status at diagnosis
Premenopausal
Cases, n (%)	77 (47.2)	71 (43.6)	15 (9.2)	86 (52.8)
Controls, n (%)	88 (43.3)	88 (43.3)	27 (13.3)	115 (56.7)
OR (95% CI)^a	1.0	0.87 (0.54–1.39)	0.63 (0.30–1.32)^b	0.81 (0.52–1.27)
Postmenopausal
Cases, n (%)	122 (38.6)	156 (49.4)	38 (12.0)	194 (61.4)
Controls, n (%)	112 (40.4)	132 (47.7)	33 (11.9)	165 (59.6)
OR (95% CI)^a	1.0	1.00 (0.68–1.48)	0.98 (0.53–1.80)^b	1.00 (0.69–1.45)

^a Adjusted for age, age at menarche, age at FFTP, number of full term pregnancies, first-degree family history of breast cancer, history of benign breast disease, use of oral contraceptives, WHR, and postmenopausal use of estrogen.
^b P for trend: all, 0.228; premenopausal, 0.381; postmenopausal, 0.961.

Table 3

Number of breast cancer cases and controls, and ORs^a associated with CYP17 polymorphism by menopausal status and tumor stage

	A1/A1	A1/A2	A2/A2	A1/A2 and A2/A2
Premenopausal
Controls, n (%)	88 (43.3)	88 (43.3)	27 (13.3)	115 (56.7)
Cases by stage
Local, n (%)	42 (43.8)	44 (45.8)	10 (10.4)	54 (56.2)
OR (95% CI)	1.0^b	1.02 (0.59–1.76)	0.73 (0.31–1.72)^c	0.95 (0.56–1.60)
Advanced, n (%)	35 (52.2)	27 (40.3)	5 (7.5)	32 (47.8)
OR (95% CI)	1.0^b	0.62 (0.32–1.20)	0.43 (0.14–1.27)^d	0.58 (0.31–1.07)
Postmenopausal
Controls, n (%)	112 (40.4)	132 (47.7)	33 (11.9)	165 (59.6)
Cases by stage^e
Local, n (%)	78 (40.2)	90 (46.4)	26 (13.4)	116 (59.8)
OR (95% CI)	1.0^b	1.02 (0.65–1.60)	1.09 (0.55–2.16)^f	1.03 (0.67–1.59)
Advanced, n (%)	39 (34.8)	63 (56.3)	10 (8.9)	73 (65.2)
OR (95% CI)	1.0^b	1.02 (0.58–1.79)	0.86 (0.34–2.18)^g	0.99 (0.57–1.69)

^a Adjusted for age, age at menarche, age at FFTP, number of full term pregnancies, first-degree family history of breast cancer, history of benign breast disease, use of oral contraceptives, WHR, and postmenopausal use of estrogen.
^b Subjects with A1/A1 genotype serve as the reference category.
^c P for trend = 0.593.
^d P for trend = 0.059.
^e Total number does not correspond because the stage of the disease could not be classified for 10 patients because of missing information on lymph node involvement.
^f P for trend = 0.830.
^g P for trend = 0.832.

Table 4

Association between CYP17 genotypes and breast cancer risk stratified by selected characteristics

	Premenopausal							Postmenopausal
		A1/A1			A1/A2 and A2/A2			A1/A1		A1/A2 and A2/A2
		Case/control	OR^a (95% CI)	Case/control	OR^a (95% CI)	Case/control	OR^a (95% CI)	Case/control	OR^a (95% CI)
Age at menarche
<13 yr	25 /16	1.0	24 /29	1.0	19 /28	1.0	30 /28	1.0
≥13 yr	52 /72	0.34 (0.15–0.76)	62 /86	0.82 (0.42–1.63)	96 /83	1.49 (0.72–3.10)	155 /135	0.99 (0.52–1.89)
Postmenopausal use of estrogen
Never					86 /69	1.0	134 /94	1.0
Ever					33 /43	1.14 (0.59–2.18)	56 /71	0.85 (0.51–1.42)
Use of oral contraceptives
Never	24 /24	1.0	32 /28	1.0	92 /76	1.0	164 /114	1.0
Ever	53 /64	1.15 (0.49–2.72)	54 /87	0.56 (0.28–1.10)	27 /36	0.82 (0.38–1.77)	27 /51	0.56 (0.29–1.08)
Parity
Nulliparous	18 /7	1.0	12 /13	1.0	27 /15	1.0	45 /22	1.0
Parous	59 /81	0.22 (0.07–0.62)	74 /102	0.79 (0.31–2.02)	95 /97	0.58 (0.25–1.31)	148 /143	0.66 (0.35–1.24)
Age at FFTP for parous women
≤23 yr	29 /32	1.0	31 /45	1.0	41 /43	1.0	64 /80	1.0
>24 yr	30 /49	0.83 (0.39–1.79)	43 /57	1.35 (0.69–2.64)	54 /54	0.89 (0.45–1.77)	82 /63	1.45 (0.82–2.59)
BMI
≤25.4	53 /57	1.0	47 /68	1.0	45 /45	1.0	62 /69	1.0
>25.4	24 /30	0.63 (0.27–1.43)	39 /46	1.03 (0.53–2.01)	71 /67	1.38 (0.70–2.70)	123 /95	1.70 (0.98–2.94)
WHR
<0.91	35 /52	1.0	36 /61	1.0	40 /51	1.0	74 /72	1.0
≥0.91	41 /35	1.66 (0.83–3.34)	50 /53	1.52 (0.83–2.81)	79 /60	1.70 (0.93–3.11)	119 /93	1.13 (0.69–1.85)

^a Adjusted for age, age at menarche, age at FFTP, number of full term pregnancies, first-degree family history of breast cancer, history of benign breast disease, use of oral contraceptives, WHR, and postmenopausal use of estrogen.