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Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention
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Research Articles

Steroid Metabolism Gene CYP17 Polymorphism and the Development of Breast Cancer

Katja Mitrunen, Nadejda Jourenkova, Vesa Kataja, Matti Eskelinen, Veli-Matti Kosma, Simone Benhamou, Harri Vainio, Matti Uusitupa and Ari Hirvonen
Katja Mitrunen
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Nadejda Jourenkova
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Vesa Kataja
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Matti Eskelinen
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Veli-Matti Kosma
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Simone Benhamou
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Harri Vainio
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Matti Uusitupa
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Ari Hirvonen
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DOI:  Published December 2000
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Tables

  • Table 1

    Selected characteristics of the study subjects

    Case/controlaORb (95% CI)
    Menopausal status
    Premenopausal164 /2041.0
    Postmenopausal319 /2780.73 (0.42–1.27)
    Age at menarche
    <1398 /1011.0
    13–14219 /2510.82 (0.59–1.16)
    ≥15150 /1270.99 (0.68–1.46)
    Age at FFTP
    Nulliparous102 /571.0
    ≤25237 /2630.55 (0.38–0.81)
    26–3094 /1220.44 (0.29–0.69)
    ≥3147 /400.64 (0.36–1.12)
    Number of full-term pregnancies
    Nulliparous102 /571.0
    168 /640.59 (0.36–0.98)
    2141 /1810.50 (0.33–0.76)
    3+171 /1800.54 (0.36–0.80)
    Use of oral contraceptives
    Never313 /2431.0
    Ever164 /2390.66 (0.48–0.91)
    Postmenopausal use of estrogen
    Never221 /1641.0
    Ever91 /1140.82 (0.58–1.16)
    WHR
    ≤0.91187 /2361.0
    >0.91291 /2431.38 (1.06–1.81)
    BMI
    ≤25.4208 /2401.0
    >25.4260 /2391.22 (0.92–1.62)
    First-degree family history of breast cancer
    No424 /4591.0
    Yes54 /222.53 (1.48–4.31)
    History of benign breast disease
    No296 /3131.0
    Yes180 /1671.33 (1.01–1.75)
    Educationc
    Low292 /2771.0
    Medium127 /1351.11 (0.81–1.52)
    High62 /691.19 (0.78–1.80)
    Current alcohol intake
    Never271 /2061.0
    Once a month or less134 /1870.74 (0.54–1.01)
    Daily–weekly75 /890.87 (0.59–1.29)
    Smoking habits
    Never363 /3511.0
    Ex-smoker52 /670.94 (0.62–1.41)
    Current smoker64 /641.34 (0.87–1.93)
    • a Total number of cases and controls does not correspond because of missing values.

    • b Adjusted for age.

    • c Low: none or primary school; medium: junior high school, college or corresponding; high: senior high school, trade school, or university.

  • Table 2

    Associations between CYP17 genotype and breast cancer according to menopausal status at diagnosis of the case patient

    A1/A1A1/A2A2/A2A1/A2 and A2/A2
    All
    Cases, n (%)199 (41.5)227 (47.4)53 (11.1)280 (58.5)
    Controls, n (%)200 (41.7)220 (45.8)60 (12.5)280 (58.3)
    OR (95% CI)a1.00.96 (0.71–1.28)0.79 (0.50–1.26)b0.92 (0.69–1.22)
    Menopausal status at diagnosis
    Premenopausal
    Cases, n (%)77 (47.2)71 (43.6)15 (9.2)  86 (52.8)
    Controls, n (%)88 (43.3)88 (43.3)27 (13.3)115 (56.7)
    OR (95% CI)a1.00.87 (0.54–1.39)0.63 (0.30–1.32)b0.81 (0.52–1.27)
    Postmenopausal
    Cases, n (%)122 (38.6)156 (49.4)38 (12.0)194 (61.4)
    Controls, n (%)112 (40.4)132 (47.7)33 (11.9)165 (59.6)
    OR (95% CI)a1.01.00 (0.68–1.48)0.98 (0.53–1.80)b1.00 (0.69–1.45)
    • a Adjusted for age, age at menarche, age at FFTP, number of full term pregnancies, first-degree family history of breast cancer, history of benign breast disease, use of oral contraceptives, WHR, and postmenopausal use of estrogen.

    • b P for trend: all, 0.228; premenopausal, 0.381; postmenopausal, 0.961.

  • Table 3

    Number of breast cancer cases and controls, and ORsa associated with CYP17 polymorphism by menopausal status and tumor stage

    A1/A1A1/A2A2/A2A1/A2 and A2/A2
    Premenopausal
    Controls, n (%)88 (43.3)88 (43.3)27 (13.3)115 (56.7)
    Cases by stage
    Local, n (%)42 (43.8)44 (45.8)10 (10.4)54 (56.2)
    OR (95% CI)1.0b1.02 (0.59–1.76)0.73 (0.31–1.72)c0.95 (0.56–1.60)
    Advanced, n (%)35 (52.2)27 (40.3)5 (7.5)32 (47.8)
    OR (95% CI)1.0b0.62 (0.32–1.20)0.43 (0.14–1.27)d0.58 (0.31–1.07)
    Postmenopausal
    Controls, n (%)112 (40.4)132 (47.7)33 (11.9)165 (59.6)
    Cases by stagee
    Local, n (%)78 (40.2)90 (46.4)26 (13.4)116 (59.8)
    OR (95% CI)1.0b1.02 (0.65–1.60)1.09 (0.55–2.16)f1.03 (0.67–1.59)
    Advanced, n (%)39 (34.8)63 (56.3)10 (8.9)73 (65.2)
    OR (95% CI)1.0b1.02 (0.58–1.79)0.86 (0.34–2.18)g0.99 (0.57–1.69)
    • a Adjusted for age, age at menarche, age at FFTP, number of full term pregnancies, first-degree family history of breast cancer, history of benign breast disease, use of oral contraceptives, WHR, and postmenopausal use of estrogen.

    • b Subjects with A1/A1 genotype serve as the reference category.

    • c P for trend = 0.593.

    • d P for trend = 0.059.

    • e Total number does not correspond because the stage of the disease could not be classified for 10 patients because of missing information on lymph node involvement.

    • f P for trend = 0.830.

    • g P for trend = 0.832.

  • Table 4

    Association between CYP17 genotypes and breast cancer risk stratified by selected characteristics

    PremenopausalPostmenopausal
    A1/A1A1/A2 and A2/A2A1/A1A1/A2 and A2/A2
    Case/controlORa (95% CI)Case/controlORa (95% CI)Case/controlORa (95% CI)Case/controlORa (95% CI)
    Age at menarche
    <13 yr25 /161.024 /291.019 /281.030 /281.0
    ≥13 yr52 /720.34 (0.15–0.76)62 /860.82 (0.42–1.63)96 /831.49 (0.72–3.10)155 /1350.99 (0.52–1.89)
    Postmenopausal use of estrogen
    Never86 /691.0134 /941.0
    Ever33 /431.14 (0.59–2.18)56 /710.85 (0.51–1.42)
    Use of oral contraceptives
    Never24 /241.032 /281.092 /761.0164 /1141.0
    Ever53 /641.15 (0.49–2.72)54 /870.56 (0.28–1.10)27 /360.82 (0.38–1.77)27 /510.56 (0.29–1.08)
    Parity
    Nulliparous18 /71.012 /131.027 /151.045 /221.0
    Parous59 /810.22 (0.07–0.62)74 /1020.79 (0.31–2.02)95 /970.58 (0.25–1.31)148 /1430.66 (0.35–1.24)
    Age at FFTP for parous women
    ≤23 yr29 /321.031 /451.041 /431.064 /801.0
    >24 yr30 /490.83 (0.39–1.79)43 /571.35 (0.69–2.64)54 /540.89 (0.45–1.77)82 /631.45 (0.82–2.59)
    BMI
    ≤25.453 /571.047 /681.045 /451.062 /691.0
    >25.424 /300.63 (0.27–1.43)39 /461.03 (0.53–2.01)71 /671.38 (0.70–2.70)123 /951.70 (0.98–2.94)
    WHR
    <0.9135 /521.036 /611.040 /511.074 /721.0
    ≥0.9141 /351.66 (0.83–3.34)50 /531.52 (0.83–2.81)79 /601.70 (0.93–3.11)119 /931.13 (0.69–1.85)
    • a Adjusted for age, age at menarche, age at FFTP, number of full term pregnancies, first-degree family history of breast cancer, history of benign breast disease, use of oral contraceptives, WHR, and postmenopausal use of estrogen.

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December 2000
Volume 9, Issue 12
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Steroid Metabolism Gene CYP17 Polymorphism and the Development of Breast Cancer
Katja Mitrunen, Nadejda Jourenkova, Vesa Kataja, Matti Eskelinen, Veli-Matti Kosma, Simone Benhamou, Harri Vainio, Matti Uusitupa and Ari Hirvonen
Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev December 1 2000 (9) (12) 1343-1348;

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Steroid Metabolism Gene CYP17 Polymorphism and the Development of Breast Cancer
Katja Mitrunen, Nadejda Jourenkova, Vesa Kataja, Matti Eskelinen, Veli-Matti Kosma, Simone Benhamou, Harri Vainio, Matti Uusitupa and Ari Hirvonen
Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev December 1 2000 (9) (12) 1343-1348;
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