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Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention
Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention

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Vitamin D receptor polymorphisms, circulating vitamin D metabolites, and risk of prostate cancer in United States physicians.

J Ma, M J Stampfer, P H Gann, H L Hough, E Giovannucci, K T Kelsey, C H Hennekens and D J Hunter
J Ma
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M J Stampfer
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P H Gann
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H L Hough
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E Giovannucci
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K T Kelsey
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C H Hennekens
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D J Hunter
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DOI:  Published May 1998
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Abstract

Prostatic cells express vitamin D receptor (VDR), which mediates the functions of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D. Two recent case-control studies suggested strong inverse associations between two VDR polymorphisms, TaqI and poly(A), and risk of prostate cancer. These two and a third polymorphism, BsmI, are closely linked. In a case-control study nested in the Physicians' Health Study, a randomized double-blind trial of aspirin and beta-carotene among 22,071 United States male physicians, we examined the associations between BsmI and TaqI and prostate cancer risk and whether the associations varied according to age and vitamin D metabolite levels among 372 incident cases and 591 controls. Among controls, the BB genotype was significantly associated with higher 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (median = 36.2 pg/ml for the BB versus 33.9 pg/ml for the bb genotype; P = 0.02), suggesting an association of the VDR polymorphisms with VDR function. Overall, we observed no significant associations of these VDR polymorphisms with prostate cancer risk: relative risk (RR) = 0.86 [95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.57-1.29] for the BB genotype and RR = 0.92 (95% CI = 0.69-1.22) for the Bb genotype, compared with the bb genotype (results were similar for the TaqI polymorphism). Stratification by age (< or = 61 and > 61 years) and tumor aggressiveness showed no significant associations. However, in an analysis restricted to men with plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D below the median, we observed a 57% reduction (RR = 0.43, 95% CI = 0.19-0.98) in risk for those with the BB versus the bb genotype; the risk reduction was particularly marked among older men (RR = 0.18, 95% CI = 0.05-0.68). We did not observe this inverse association among men with 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels above the median, nor did we observe it among younger men.

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May 1998
Volume 7, Issue 5
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Vitamin D receptor polymorphisms, circulating vitamin D metabolites, and risk of prostate cancer in United States physicians.
J Ma, M J Stampfer, P H Gann, H L Hough, E Giovannucci, K T Kelsey, C H Hennekens and D J Hunter
Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev May 1 1998 (7) (5) 385-390;

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Vitamin D receptor polymorphisms, circulating vitamin D metabolites, and risk of prostate cancer in United States physicians.
J Ma, M J Stampfer, P H Gann, H L Hough, E Giovannucci, K T Kelsey, C H Hennekens and D J Hunter
Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev May 1 1998 (7) (5) 385-390;
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