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Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention
Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention
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The Human Microbiome in Relation to Cancer Risk: A Systematic Review of Epidemiologic Studies

Inge Huybrechts, Semi Zouiouich, Astrid Loobuyck, Zeger Vandenbulcke, Emily Vogtmann, Silvia Pisanu, Isabel Iguacel, Augustin Scalbert, Iciar Indave, Vitaly Smelov, Marc J. Gunter and Nathalie Michels
Inge Huybrechts
1International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France.
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  • For correspondence: huybrechtsi@iarc.fr
Semi Zouiouich
1International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France.
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Astrid Loobuyck
2Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
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Zeger Vandenbulcke
2Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
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Emily Vogtmann
3Division of Cancer Epidemiology & Genetics, NCI, Bethesda, Maryland.
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  • ORCID record for Emily Vogtmann
Silvia Pisanu
1International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France.
4Department of Biomedical Sciences, Section of Microbiology and Virology, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy.
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Isabel Iguacel
1International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France.
5GENUD (Growth, Exercise, NUtrition and Development) Research Group, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain.
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Augustin Scalbert
1International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France.
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Iciar Indave
1International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France.
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Vitaly Smelov
1International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France.
6Division of Noncommunicable Diseases and Promoting Health through the Life-course, WHO Regional Office for Europe, Copenhagen, Denmark.
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Marc J. Gunter
1International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France.
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Nathalie Michels
2Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
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DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-20-0288 Published October 2020
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Abstract

The microbiome has been hypothesized to play a role in cancer development. Because of the diversity of published data, an overview of available epidemiologic evidence linking the microbiome with cancer is now needed. We conducted a systematic review using a tailored search strategy in Medline and EMBASE databases to identify and summarize the current epidemiologic literature on the relationship between the microbiome and different cancer outcomes published until December 2019. We identified 124 eligible articles. The large diversity of parameters used to describe microbial composition made it impossible to harmonize the different studies in a way that would allow meta-analysis, therefore only a qualitative description of results could be performed. Fifty studies reported differences in the gut microbiome between patients with colorectal cancer and various control groups. The most consistent findings were for Fusobacterium, Porphyromonas, and Peptostreptococcus being significantly enriched in fecal and mucosal samples from patients with colorectal cancer. For the oral microbiome, significantly increased and decreased abundance was reported for Fusobacterium and Streptococcus, respectively, in patients with oral cancer compared with controls. Overall, although there was a large amount of evidence for some of these alterations, most require validation in high-quality, preferably prospective, epidemiologic studies.

Footnotes

  • Note: Supplementary data for this article are available at Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention Online (http://cebp.aacrjournals.org/).

  • Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2020;29:1856–69

  • Received February 22, 2020.
  • Revision received May 6, 2020.
  • Accepted July 22, 2020.
  • Published first July 29, 2020.
  • ©2020 American Association for Cancer Research.
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Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers & Prevention: 29 (10)
October 2020
Volume 29, Issue 10
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The Human Microbiome in Relation to Cancer Risk: A Systematic Review of Epidemiologic Studies
Inge Huybrechts, Semi Zouiouich, Astrid Loobuyck, Zeger Vandenbulcke, Emily Vogtmann, Silvia Pisanu, Isabel Iguacel, Augustin Scalbert, Iciar Indave, Vitaly Smelov, Marc J. Gunter and Nathalie Michels
Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev October 1 2020 (29) (10) 1856-1868; DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-20-0288

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The Human Microbiome in Relation to Cancer Risk: A Systematic Review of Epidemiologic Studies
Inge Huybrechts, Semi Zouiouich, Astrid Loobuyck, Zeger Vandenbulcke, Emily Vogtmann, Silvia Pisanu, Isabel Iguacel, Augustin Scalbert, Iciar Indave, Vitaly Smelov, Marc J. Gunter and Nathalie Michels
Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev October 1 2020 (29) (10) 1856-1868; DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-20-0288
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