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Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention
Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention
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Adherence to Diet and Physical Activity Cancer Prevention Guidelines and Cancer Outcomes: A Systematic Review

Lindsay N. Kohler, David O. Garcia, Robin B. Harris, Eyal Oren, Denise J. Roe and Elizabeth T. Jacobs
Lindsay N. Kohler
1Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona.
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  • For correspondence: lschulz@email.arizona.edu
David O. Garcia
1Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona.
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Robin B. Harris
1Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona.
2University of Arizona Cancer Center, Tucson, Arizona.
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Eyal Oren
1Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona.
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Denise J. Roe
1Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona.
2University of Arizona Cancer Center, Tucson, Arizona.
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Elizabeth T. Jacobs
1Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona.
2University of Arizona Cancer Center, Tucson, Arizona.
3Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona.
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DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-16-0121 Published July 2016
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Abstract

Many studies have reported that adherence to health promotion guidelines for diet, physical activity, and maintenance of healthy body weight may decrease cancer incidence and mortality. A systematic review was performed to examine associations between adherence to established cancer prevention guidelines for diet and physical activity and overall cancer incidence and mortality. PubMed, Google Scholar, and Cochrane Reviews databases were searched following the current recommendations of Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis Approach (PRISMA). Twelve studies met inclusion criteria for this review. High versus low adherence to established nutrition and physical activity cancer prevention guidelines was consistently and significantly associated with decreases of 10% to 61% in overall cancer incidence and mortality. Consistent significant reductions were also shown for breast cancer incidence (19%–60%), endometrial cancer incidence (23%–60%), and colorectal cancer incidence in both men and women (27%–52%). Findings for lung cancer incidence were equivocal, and no significant relationships were found between adherence and ovarian or prostate cancers. Adhering to cancer prevention guidelines for diet and physical activity is consistently associated with lower risks of overall cancer incidence and mortality, including for some site-specific cancers. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 25(7); 1018–28. ©2016 AACR.

  • Received February 9, 2016.
  • Revision received April 18, 2016.
  • Accepted May 3, 2016.
  • ©2016 American Association for Cancer Research.
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Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers & Prevention: 25 (7)
July 2016
Volume 25, Issue 7
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Adherence to Diet and Physical Activity Cancer Prevention Guidelines and Cancer Outcomes: A Systematic Review
Lindsay N. Kohler, David O. Garcia, Robin B. Harris, Eyal Oren, Denise J. Roe and Elizabeth T. Jacobs
Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev July 1 2016 (25) (7) 1018-1028; DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-16-0121

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Adherence to Diet and Physical Activity Cancer Prevention Guidelines and Cancer Outcomes: A Systematic Review
Lindsay N. Kohler, David O. Garcia, Robin B. Harris, Eyal Oren, Denise J. Roe and Elizabeth T. Jacobs
Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev July 1 2016 (25) (7) 1018-1028; DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-16-0121
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