Chronic Inflammation in Benign Prostate Tissue Is Associated with High-Grade Prostate Cancer in the Placebo Arm of the Prostate Cancer Prevention Trial

Departments of 1Pathology and 2Immunology; 3The James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute and Department of Urology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine; 4Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health; 5Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore; 6Division of Cancer Prevention, Department of Health and Human Services, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland; 7University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado; 8Department of Urology, University of Texas Health Sciences Center San Antonio, San Antonio; 9Department of Clinical Cancer Prevention, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas; 10SWOG Statistical Center; 11Cancer Prevention Program, Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington; 12Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California; and 13Division of Public Health Sciences and The Alvin J. Siteman Cancer Center, Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri

Departments of 1Pathology and 2Immunology; 3The James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute and Department of Urology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine; 4Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health; 5Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore; 6Division of Cancer Prevention, Department of Health and Human Services, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland; 7University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado; 8Department of Urology, University of Texas Health Sciences Center San Antonio, San Antonio; 9Department of Clinical Cancer Prevention, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas; 10SWOG Statistical Center; 11Cancer Prevention Program, Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington; 12Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California; and 13Division of Public Health Sciences and The Alvin J. Siteman Cancer Center, Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri

Departments of 1Pathology and 2Immunology; 3The James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute and Department of Urology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine; 4Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health; 5Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore; 6Division of Cancer Prevention, Department of Health and Human Services, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland; 7University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado; 8Department of Urology, University of Texas Health Sciences Center San Antonio, San Antonio; 9Department of Clinical Cancer Prevention, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas; 10SWOG Statistical Center; 11Cancer Prevention Program, Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington; 12Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California; and 13Division of Public Health Sciences and The Alvin J. Siteman Cancer Center, Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri

Departments of 1Pathology and 2Immunology; 3The James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute and Department of Urology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine; 4Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health; 5Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore; 6Division of Cancer Prevention, Department of Health and Human Services, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland; 7University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado; 8Department of Urology, University of Texas Health Sciences Center San Antonio, San Antonio; 9Department of Clinical Cancer Prevention, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas; 10SWOG Statistical Center; 11Cancer Prevention Program, Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington; 12Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California; and 13Division of Public Health Sciences and The Alvin J. Siteman Cancer Center, Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri

Departments of 1Pathology and 2Immunology; 3The James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute and Department of Urology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine; 4Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health; 5Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore; 6Division of Cancer Prevention, Department of Health and Human Services, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland; 7University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado; 8Department of Urology, University of Texas Health Sciences Center San Antonio, San Antonio; 9Department of Clinical Cancer Prevention, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas; 10SWOG Statistical Center; 11Cancer Prevention Program, Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington; 12Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California; and 13Division of Public Health Sciences and The Alvin J. Siteman Cancer Center, Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri

Departments of 1Pathology and 2Immunology; 3The James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute and Department of Urology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine; 4Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health; 5Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore; 6Division of Cancer Prevention, Department of Health and Human Services, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland; 7University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado; 8Department of Urology, University of Texas Health Sciences Center San Antonio, San Antonio; 9Department of Clinical Cancer Prevention, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas; 10SWOG Statistical Center; 11Cancer Prevention Program, Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington; 12Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California; and 13Division of Public Health Sciences and The Alvin J. Siteman Cancer Center, Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri

Departments of 1Pathology and 2Immunology; 3The James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute and Department of Urology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine; 4Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health; 5Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore; 6Division of Cancer Prevention, Department of Health and Human Services, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland; 7University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado; 8Department of Urology, University of Texas Health Sciences Center San Antonio, San Antonio; 9Department of Clinical Cancer Prevention, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas; 10SWOG Statistical Center; 11Cancer Prevention Program, Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington; 12Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California; and 13Division of Public Health Sciences and The Alvin J. Siteman Cancer Center, Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri

Departments of 1Pathology and 2Immunology; 3The James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute and Department of Urology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine; 4Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health; 5Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore; 6Division of Cancer Prevention, Department of Health and Human Services, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland; 7University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado; 8Department of Urology, University of Texas Health Sciences Center San Antonio, San Antonio; 9Department of Clinical Cancer Prevention, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas; 10SWOG Statistical Center; 11Cancer Prevention Program, Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington; 12Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California; and 13Division of Public Health Sciences and The Alvin J. Siteman Cancer Center, Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri

Departments of 1Pathology and 2Immunology; 3The James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute and Department of Urology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine; 4Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health; 5Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore; 6Division of Cancer Prevention, Department of Health and Human Services, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland; 7University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado; 8Department of Urology, University of Texas Health Sciences Center San Antonio, San Antonio; 9Department of Clinical Cancer Prevention, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas; 10SWOG Statistical Center; 11Cancer Prevention Program, Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington; 12Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California; and 13Division of Public Health Sciences and The Alvin J. Siteman Cancer Center, Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri

Departments of 1Pathology and 2Immunology; 3The James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute and Department of Urology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine; 4Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health; 5Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore; 6Division of Cancer Prevention, Department of Health and Human Services, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland; 7University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado; 8Department of Urology, University of Texas Health Sciences Center San Antonio, San Antonio; 9Department of Clinical Cancer Prevention, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas; 10SWOG Statistical Center; 11Cancer Prevention Program, Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington; 12Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California; and 13Division of Public Health Sciences and The Alvin J. Siteman Cancer Center, Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri

Departments of 1Pathology and 2Immunology; 3The James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute and Department of Urology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine; 4Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health; 5Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore; 6Division of Cancer Prevention, Department of Health and Human Services, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland; 7University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado; 8Department of Urology, University of Texas Health Sciences Center San Antonio, San Antonio; 9Department of Clinical Cancer Prevention, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas; 10SWOG Statistical Center; 11Cancer Prevention Program, Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington; 12Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California; and 13Division of Public Health Sciences and The Alvin J. Siteman Cancer Center, Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri

Departments of 1Pathology and 2Immunology; 3The James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute and Department of Urology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine; 4Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health; 5Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore; 6Division of Cancer Prevention, Department of Health and Human Services, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland; 7University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado; 8Department of Urology, University of Texas Health Sciences Center San Antonio, San Antonio; 9Department of Clinical Cancer Prevention, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas; 10SWOG Statistical Center; 11Cancer Prevention Program, Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington; 12Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California; and 13Division of Public Health Sciences and The Alvin J. Siteman Cancer Center, Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri

Departments of 1Pathology and 2Immunology; 3The James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute and Department of Urology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine; 4Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health; 5Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore; 6Division of Cancer Prevention, Department of Health and Human Services, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland; 7University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado; 8Department of Urology, University of Texas Health Sciences Center San Antonio, San Antonio; 9Department of Clinical Cancer Prevention, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas; 10SWOG Statistical Center; 11Cancer Prevention Program, Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington; 12Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California; and 13Division of Public Health Sciences and The Alvin J. Siteman Cancer Center, Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri

Departments of 1Pathology and 2Immunology; 3The James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute and Department of Urology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine; 4Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health; 5Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore; 6Division of Cancer Prevention, Department of Health and Human Services, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland; 7University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado; 8Department of Urology, University of Texas Health Sciences Center San Antonio, San Antonio; 9Department of Clinical Cancer Prevention, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas; 10SWOG Statistical Center; 11Cancer Prevention Program, Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington; 12Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California; and 13Division of Public Health Sciences and The Alvin J. Siteman Cancer Center, Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri

Departments of 1Pathology and 2Immunology; 3The James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute and Department of Urology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine; 4Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health; 5Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore; 6Division of Cancer Prevention, Department of Health and Human Services, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland; 7University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado; 8Department of Urology, University of Texas Health Sciences Center San Antonio, San Antonio; 9Department of Clinical Cancer Prevention, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas; 10SWOG Statistical Center; 11Cancer Prevention Program, Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington; 12Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California; and 13Division of Public Health Sciences and The Alvin J. Siteman Cancer Center, Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri

Departments of 1Pathology and 2Immunology; 3The James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute and Department of Urology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine; 4Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health; 5Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore; 6Division of Cancer Prevention, Department of Health and Human Services, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland; 7University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado; 8Department of Urology, University of Texas Health Sciences Center San Antonio, San Antonio; 9Department of Clinical Cancer Prevention, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas; 10SWOG Statistical Center; 11Cancer Prevention Program, Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington; 12Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California; and 13Division of Public Health Sciences and The Alvin J. Siteman Cancer Center, Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri

Departments of 1Pathology and 2Immunology; 3The James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute and Department of Urology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine; 4Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health; 5Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore; 6Division of Cancer Prevention, Department of Health and Human Services, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland; 7University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado; 8Department of Urology, University of Texas Health Sciences Center San Antonio, San Antonio; 9Department of Clinical Cancer Prevention, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas; 10SWOG Statistical Center; 11Cancer Prevention Program, Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington; 12Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California; and 13Division of Public Health Sciences and The Alvin J. Siteman Cancer Center, Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri

Departments of 1Pathology and 2Immunology; 3The James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute and Department of Urology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine; 4Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health; 5Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore; 6Division of Cancer Prevention, Department of Health and Human Services, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland; 7University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado; 8Department of Urology, University of Texas Health Sciences Center San Antonio, San Antonio; 9Department of Clinical Cancer Prevention, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas; 10SWOG Statistical Center; 11Cancer Prevention Program, Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington; 12Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California; and 13Division of Public Health Sciences and The Alvin J. Siteman Cancer Center, Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri

Departments of 1Pathology and 2Immunology; 3The James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute and Department of Urology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine; 4Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health; 5Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore; 6Division of Cancer Prevention, Department of Health and Human Services, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland; 7University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado; 8Department of Urology, University of Texas Health Sciences Center San Antonio, San Antonio; 9Department of Clinical Cancer Prevention, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas; 10SWOG Statistical Center; 11Cancer Prevention Program, Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington; 12Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California; and 13Division of Public Health Sciences and The Alvin J. Siteman Cancer Center, Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri

Departments of 1Pathology and 2Immunology; 3The James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute and Department of Urology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine; 4Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health; 5Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore; 6Division of Cancer Prevention, Department of Health and Human Services, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland; 7University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado; 8Department of Urology, University of Texas Health Sciences Center San Antonio, San Antonio; 9Department of Clinical Cancer Prevention, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas; 10SWOG Statistical Center; 11Cancer Prevention Program, Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington; 12Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California; and 13Division of Public Health Sciences and The Alvin J. Siteman Cancer Center, Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri

Departments of 1Pathology and 2Immunology; 3The James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute and Department of Urology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine; 4Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health; 5Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore; 6Division of Cancer Prevention, Department of Health and Human Services, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland; 7University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado; 8Department of Urology, University of Texas Health Sciences Center San Antonio, San Antonio; 9Department of Clinical Cancer Prevention, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas; 10SWOG Statistical Center; 11Cancer Prevention Program, Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington; 12Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California; and 13Division of Public Health Sciences and The Alvin J. Siteman Cancer Center, Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri

Departments of 1Pathology and 2Immunology; 3The James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute and Department of Urology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine; 4Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health; 5Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore; 6Division of Cancer Prevention, Department of Health and Human Services, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland; 7University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado; 8Department of Urology, University of Texas Health Sciences Center San Antonio, San Antonio; 9Department of Clinical Cancer Prevention, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas; 10SWOG Statistical Center; 11Cancer Prevention Program, Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington; 12Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California; and 13Division of Public Health Sciences and The Alvin J. Siteman Cancer Center, Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri

Departments of 1Pathology and 2Immunology; 3The James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute and Department of Urology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine; 4Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health; 5Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore; 6Division of Cancer Prevention, Department of Health and Human Services, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland; 7University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado; 8Department of Urology, University of Texas Health Sciences Center San Antonio, San Antonio; 9Department of Clinical Cancer Prevention, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas; 10SWOG Statistical Center; 11Cancer Prevention Program, Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington; 12Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California; and 13Division of Public Health Sciences and The Alvin J. Siteman Cancer Center, Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri