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Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention
Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention
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CEBP Focus: Cancer in Asian and Pacific Islander Populations

Lung Cancer Incidence Trends by Histology Type among Asian American, Native Hawaiian, and Pacific Islander Populations in the United States, 1990–2010

Iona Cheng, Gem M. Le, Anne-Michelle Noone, Kathleen Gali, Manali Patel, Robert W. Haile, Heather A. Wakelee and Scarlett L. Gomez
Iona Cheng
1Cancer Prevention Institute of California, Fremont, California.
2Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford, California.
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  • For correspondence: iona.cheng@cpic.org
Gem M. Le
1Cancer Prevention Institute of California, Fremont, California.
2Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford, California.
3Division of Epidemiology, Department of Health Research and Policy, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California.
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Anne-Michelle Noone
4Surveillance Research Program, Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland.
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Kathleen Gali
5Social Cognitive Sciences Graduate Group, School of Social Sciences Humanities and Arts, University of California, Merced, California.
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Manali Patel
3Division of Epidemiology, Department of Health Research and Policy, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California.
6Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California.
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Robert W. Haile
2Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford, California.
6Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California.
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Heather A. Wakelee
2Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford, California.
6Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California.
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Scarlett L. Gomez
1Cancer Prevention Institute of California, Fremont, California.
2Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford, California.
3Division of Epidemiology, Department of Health Research and Policy, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California.
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DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-14-0493 Published November 2014
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    Figure 1.

    Male trends of lung cancer incidence rates and APC by race/ethnicity and histological cell type, 1990–2010, United States.

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    Figure 2.

    Female trends of lung cancer incidence rates and APC by race/ethnicity and histologic cell type, 1990–2010, United States.

Tables

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  • Table 1.

    Annual population estimates and percentages, nativity, and language for each Asian American, Native Hawaiian, Pacific Islander population, and non-Hispanic Whites by SEER Registry Geographic Region and Census Year (1990, 2000, and 2010)

    White non-HispanicChineseJapaneseFilipinoVietnameseKoreanNative HawaiianKampucheanLaotianSamoanAsian Indian, Pakistani
    1990
    All SEER regions38,062,478943,014660,3781,040,610345,004391,190248,72289,11281,41949,684319,350
    Californiaa44.9%78.4%49.5%73.9%85.8%69.8%14.6%81.2%75.7%68.2%56.8%
    Connecticut7.2%1.2%<1%<1%1.2%1.4%<1%2.0%3.8%<1%4.1%
    Atlanta (metropolitan)3.7%1.0%<1%<1%1.7%2.5%<1%2.3%3.6%<1%2.5%
    Hawaii<1%7.3%39.7%14.7%1.6%5.2%82.4%<1%2.1%19.6%<1%
    Iowa7.0%<1%<1%<1%<1%1.2%<1%<1%4.1%<1%1.1%
    Detroit (metropolitan)7.4%1.0%<1%<1%<1%1.7%<1%<1%1.1%<1%5.7%
    New Jersey15.1%6.4%2.7%5.2%2.2%10.1%<1%<1%<1%<1%27.6%
    New Mexico2.0%<1%<1%<1%<1%<1%<1%<1%<1%<1%<1%
    Utah4.1%<1%1.0%<1%<1%<1%<1%1.2%2.2%3.3%<1%
    Seattle (Puget Sound)7.7%3.3%4.6%4.0%4.9%7.0%1.7%11.8%6.1%7.9%1.7%
    2000
    % Foreign-bornb—63.9%29.2%55.8%73.5%69.9%1.9%64.4%65.8%16.6%73.0%
    % Limited Englishc,d—45.0%20.7%20.5%60.5%46.0%3.3%52.6%51.6%16.2%23.9%
    All SEER regions37,943,3861,396,938660,8561,420,523591,877557,799293,023100,90985,65875,620685,041
    Californiaa43.1%75.6%52.2%71.6%79.3%65.2%13.9%77.2%70.9%58.2%53.2%
    Connecticut7.0%1.5%<1%<1%1.4%1.4%<1%2.6%3.6%<1%4.1%
    Atlanta (metropolitan)4.0%1.6%<1%<1%4.1%3.9%<1%2.8%4.0%<1%4.2%
    Hawaii<1%6.4%34.6%14.1%1.5%5.1%81.8%<1%2.5%21.4%<1%
    Iowa7.2%<1%<1%<1%1.3%1.0%<1%<1%5.2%<1%<1%
    Detroit (metropolitan)7.3%1.3%1.1%1.0%<1%1.6%<1%<1%1.4%<1%6.6%
    New Jersey14.9%7.6%2.6%6.4%2.7%12.2%<1%<1%<1%<1%27.8%
    New Mexico2.2%<1%<1%<1%0.6%<1%<1%<1%<1%<1%<1%
    Utah5.1%<1%1.2%<1%1.1%<1%<1%1.5%2.9%7.4%<1%
    Seattle (Puget Sound)8.6%4.4%6.0%5.1%7.3%8.4%2.4%14.0%8.4%10.9%2.6%
    2010
    % Foreign-bornb—61.2%27.4%52.8%63.6%64.6%1.3%55.3%54.4%10.4%69.5%
    % Limited Englishc,d—41.0%17.3%18.2%50.3%40.9%1.7%41.7%40.0%11.7%22.2%
    All SEER regions36,786,8581,764,410715,3001,793,997788,310729,707392,188125,94192,33195,6581,179,826
    Californiaa42.1%77.0%49.3%74.8%78.3%65.9%12.3%75.1%69.4%53.3%51.9%
    Connecticut7.0%1.9%<1%<1%1.3%1.5%<1%2.4%4.0%<1%4.7%
    Atlanta (metropolitan)3.8%2.0%<1%<1%4.4%5.6%<1%3.0%4.0%<1%4.3%
    Hawaii<1%2.4%37.5%9.5%1.5%1.0%83.1%<1%2.4%19.1%<1%
    Iowa7.4%<1%<1%<1%1.1%<1%<1%<1%5.7%<1%1.1%
    Detroit (metropolitan)6.9%1.3%1.1%1.0%<1%1.5%<1%<1%<1%<1%5.5%
    New Jersey14.4%8.1%2.3%6.7%2.8%13.4%<1%1.2%<1%<1%28.0%
    New Mexico2.3%<1%<1%<1%0.6%<1%<1%<1%<1%<1%<1%
    Utah6.1%<1%1.3%<1%1.1%<1%1.1%1.7%3.1%11.3%<1%
    Seattle (Puget Sound)9.2%5.5%6.2%5.7%8.0%8.9%2.3%15.2%9.2%14.8%4.1%
    New Mexico2.2%<1%<1%<1%0.6%<1%<1%<1%<1%<1%<1%
    Utah5.1%<1%1.2%<1%1.1%<1%<1%1.5%2.9%7.4%<1%
    Seattle (Puget Sound)8.6%4.4%6.0%5.1%7.3%8.4%2.4%14.0%8.4%10.9%2.6%
    • ↵aIncluding Los Angeles, San Francisco/Oakland and San Jose/Monterey, and the Greater California registries.

    • ↵bSource: U.S. Census Bureau, Census 2000 Summary File 4, Matrices PCT38 (language), and PCT43 (nativity) for Asian detailed group or Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander alone or in any combination; Chinese definition includes Taiwanese.

    • ↵cSource: U.S. Census Bureau, 2006–2010 American Community Survey for Asian detailed group or Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander alone or in any combination; Chinese definition includes Taiwanese.

    • ↵dSpeak English less than “very well”; among population 5 years and over.

  • Table 2.

    Characteristics of incident lung cancer cases by Asian American, Native Hawaiian, Pacific Islander population, and non-Hispanic Whites and sex, 1990–2010a

    CharacteristicsNHWChineseJapaneseFilipinoVietnameseKoreanNative HawaiianKampucheanLaotianSamoanAsian Indian, Pakistani
    Total622,9749,8477,09210,4573,5132,8842,8003743764531,162
    Men333,5405,8174,0186,8012,3341,6951,598234263300800
    No. (%)No. (%)No. (%)No. (%)No. (%)No. (%)No. (%)No. (%)No. (%)No. (%)No. (%)
    Year of diagnosis
    1990–199251,732 (15.5)633 (10.9)523 (13)680 (10)155 (7.4)164 (9.7)215 (13.5)20 (8.6)33 (12.6)36 (12)47 (5.9)
    1993–199549,842 (14.9)666 (11.5)531 (13.2)841 (12.4)217 (11.8)175 (10.3)200 (12.5)30 (12.8)33 (12.6)33 (11)57 (7.1)
    1996–199848,811 (14.6)690 (11.9)603 (15)950 (14)272 (14.7)241 (14.2)218 (13.6)34 (14.5)26 (9.9)35 (11.7)78 (9.8)
    1999–200147,841 (14.3)806 (13.9)529 (13.2)1,011 (14.9)325 (8.8)258 (15.2)243 (15.2)34 (14.5)38 (14.5)45 (15)112 (14)
    2002–200445,914 (13.8)919 (15.8)613 (15.3)1,104 (16.2)356 (17.7)254 (15)226 (14.1)42 (18)43 (16.4)43 (14.3)150 (18.8)
    2005–200745,430 (13.6)1,058 (18.2)643 (16)1,068 (15.7)456 (17.7)287 (16.9)237 (14.8)28 (12)38 (14.5)48 (16)164 (20.5)
    2008–201043,970 (13.2)1,045 (18)576 (14.3)1,147 (16.9)553 (22.1)316 (18.6)259 (16.2)46 (19.7)52 (19.8)60 (20)192 (24)
    SEER registry region
    California145,799 (43.7)4,606 (79.2)1,587 (39.5)4,722 (69.4)1,953 (75)1,166 (68.8)123 (7.7)194 (82.9)197 (74.9)169 (56.3)371 (46.4)
    Connecticut25,448 (7.6)49 (0.8)<5 (0.1)32 (0.5)15 (2.9)7 (0.4)<5 (0.1)6 (2.6)<5 (1.5)0 (0)40 (5)
    Atlanta (metro)10,272 (3.1)37 (0.6)9 (0.2)10 (0.2)66 (0)33 (2)0 (0)<5 (1.3)8 (3)0 (0)33 (4.1)
    Hawaii2,328 (0.7)537 (9.2)2,216 (55.2)1,409 (20.7)31 (8.8)173 (10.2)1,424 (89.1)0 (0)11 (4.2)101 (33.7)0 (0)
    Iowa27,327 (8.2)7 (0.1)0 (0)<5 (0.1)28 (0)6 (0.4)0 (0)0 (0)14 (5.3)<5 (0.3)8 (1)
    Detroit (metro)27,835 (8.4)78 (1.3)14 (0.4)41 (0.6)<5 (0)19 (1.1)0 (0)<5 (0.4)<5 (1.5)0 (0)56 (7)
    New Jersey55,470 (16.6)253 (4.4)33 (0.8)295 (4.3)36 (0)161 (9.5)16 (1)0 (0)<5 (0.8)0 (0)256 (32)
    New Mexico7,215 (2.2)12 (0.2)<5 (0.1)<5 (0)7 (0)<5 (0.1)<5 (0.2)0 (0)0 (0)0 (0)12 (1.5)
    Utah5,732 (1.7)19 (0.3)16 (0.4)<5 (0)22 (1.5)<5 (0.2)<5 (0.2)0 (0)<5 (1.1)<5 (0.7)0 (0)
    Seattle (Puget Sound)26,114 (7.8)219 (3.8)135 (3.4)284 (4.2)172 (11.8)125 (7.4)28 (1.8)30 (12.8)20 (7.6)27 (9)24 (3)
    Age at diagnosis, y
    <5430,548 (9.2)554 (9.5)242 (6)731 (10.8)478 (17.7)188 (11.1)254 (15.9)41 (17.5)56 (21.3)59 (19.7)169 (21.1)
    55–6469,293 (20.8)988 (17)557 (13.9)1,551 (22.8)561 (35.3)374 (22.1)468 (29.3)49 (20.9)62 (23.6)106 (35.3)195 (24.4)
    65–74116,546 (34.9)1,914 (32.9)1,332 (33.2)2,410 (35.4)736 (36.8)571 (33.7)544 (34)75 (32.1)67 (25.5)96 (32)245 (30.6)
    75–8494,570 (28.4)1,791 (30.8)1,445 (36)1,668 (24.5)465 (10.3)452 (26.7)292 (18.3)60 (25.6)67 (25.5)36 (12)158 (19.8)
    85+ years22,583 (6.8)570 (9.8)442 (11)441 (6.5)94 (0)110 (6.5)40 (2.5)9 (3.9)11 (4.2)<5 (1)33 (4.1)
    Tumor histology
    Adenocarcinoma102,584 (30.8)2,368 (40.7)1381 (34.4)2,559 (37.6)1,036 (0)549 (32.4)470 (29.4)96 (41)96 (36.5)100 (33.3)306 (38.3)
    Squamous cell77,138 (23.1)976 (16.8)901 (22.4)1,454 (21.4)374 (0)462 (27.3)404 (25.3)44 (18.8)41 (15.6)65 (21.7)158 (19.8)
    LC + OSC26,958 (8.1)428 (7.4)271 (6.7)458 (6.7)162 (0)100 (5.9)98 (6.1)17 (7.3)17 (6.5)25 (8.3)77 (9.6)
    NOS83,670 (25.1)1,571 (27)1037 (25.8)1,650 (24.3)569 (0)367 (21.7)409 (25.6)59 (25.2)72 (27.4)79 (26.3)172 (21.5)
    Small cell43,190 (12.9)474 (8.1)428 (10.7)680 (10)193 (0)217 (12.8)217 (13.6)18 (7.7)37 (14.1)31 (10.3)87 (10.9)
    Stage at presentationa
    Localized47,515 (14.3)810 (13.9)594 (14.8)885 (13)332 (13.2)214 (12.6)229 (14.3)20 (8.6)14 (5.3)27 (9)116 (14.5)
    Regional69,256 (20.8)1,241 (21.3)989 (24.6)1,474 (21.7)501 (19.1)372 (22)401 (25.1)45 (19.2)42 (16)74 (24.7)179 (22.4)
    Distant139,635 (41.9)2,988 (51.4)1,980 (49.3)3,553 (52.2)1,253 (54.4)830 (49)832 (52.1)136 (58.1)157 (59.7)166 (55.3)363 (45.4)
    Unstaged45,447 (13.6)598 (10.3)386 (9.6)693 (10.2)206 (13.2)176 (10.4)128 (8)29 (12.4)49 (18.6)28 (9.3)66 (8.3)
    Missing31,687 (9.5)180 (3.1)69 (1.7)196 (2.9)42 (0)103 (6.1)8 (0.5)<5 (1.7)<5 (0.4)5 (1.7)76 (9.5)
    Women289,4344,0303,0743,6561,1791,1891,202140113153362
    No. (%)No. (%)No. (%)No. (%)No. (%)No. (%)No. (%)No. (%)No. (%)No. (%)No. (%)
    Year of diagnosis
    1990–199237,200 (12.9)383 (9.5)271 (8.8)284 (7.8)85 (7.2)77 (6.5)116 (9.7)14 (10)10 (8.9)16 (10.5)19 (5.3)
    1993–199539,174 (13.5)402 (10)356 (11.6)321 (8.8)97 (8.2)93 (7.8)150 (12.5)12 (8.6)7 (6.2)13 (8.5)26 (7.2)
    1996–199841,491 (14.3)494 (12.3)422 (13.7)380 (10.4)115 (9.8)144 (12.1)154 (12.8)17 (12.1)15 (13.3)24 (15.7)35 (9.7)
    1999–200142,063 (14.5)547 (13.6)422 (13.7)491 (13.4)163 (13.8)175 (14.7)179 (14.9)17 (12.1)29 (25.7)21 (13.7)47 (13)
    2002–200442,864 (14.8)659 (16.4)483 (15.7)607 (16.6)215 (18.2)199 (16.7)200 (16.6)19 (13.6)18 (15.9)20 (13.1)62 (17.1)
    2005–200743,823 (15.1)747 (18.5)555 (18.1)707 (19.3)231 (19.6)224 (18.8)212 (17.6)28 (20)18 (15.9)36 (23.5)84 (23.2)
    2008–201042,819 (14.8)798 (19.8)565 (18.4)866 (23.7)273 (23.2)277 (23.3)191 (15.9)33 (23.6)16 (14.2)23 (15)89 (24.6)
    SEER registry region
    California131,786 (45.5)3,211 (79.7)1,459 (47.5)2,512 (68.7)1,005 (85.2)711 (59.8)101 (8.4)117 (83.6)92 (81.4)65 (42.5)189 (52.2)
    Connecticut23,011 (8)25 (0.6)16 (0.5)23 (0.6)11 (0.9)13 (1.1)<5 (0.1)6 (4.3)<5 (2.7)0 (0)8 (2.2)
    Atlanta (metro)8,611 (3)25 (0.6)14 (0.5)7 (0.2)21 (1.8)25 (2.1)0 (0)<5 (1.4)<5 (1.8)0 (0)10 (2.8)
    Hawaii1,677 (0.6)377 (9.4)1,242 (40.4)696 (19)21 (1.8)177 (14.9)1,072 (89.2)0 (0)<5 (1.8)60 (39.2)0 (0)
    Iowa18,775 (6.5)5 (0.1)17 (0.6)9 (0.3)5 (0.4)5 (0.4)<5 (0.2)0 (0)<5 (3.5)0 (0)<5 (0.6)
    Detroit (metro)23,728 (8.2)37 (0.9)18 (0.6)39 (1.1)8 (0.7)16 (1.4)0 (0)0 (0)<5 (0.9)0 (0)15 (4.1)
    New Jersey49,011 (16.9)179 (4.4)60 (2)200 (5.5)19 (1.6)95 (8)9 (0.8)0 (0)0 (0)0 (0)126 (34.8)
    New Mexico5,638 (2)6 (0.2)19 (0.6)7 (0.2)<5 (0.3)5 (0.4)0 (0)0 (0)<5 (0.9)0 (0)<5 (0.3)
    Utah3,748 (1.3)10 (0.3)20 (0.7)<5 (0.1)<5 (0.3)<5 (0.3)<5 (0.2)<5 (0.7)<5 (0.9)<5 (2.6)0 (0)
    Seattle (Puget Sound)23,449 (8.1)155 (3.9)209 (6.8)159 (4.4)82 (7)139 (11.7)15 (1.3)14 (10)7 (6.2)24 (15.7)11 (3)
    Age at diagnosis, y
    <5428,034 (9.7)564 (14)177 (5.8)613 (16.8)242 (20.5)195 (16.4)174 (14.5)37 (26.4)25 (22.1)43 (28.1)78 (21.6)
    55–6456,041 (19.4)632 (15.7)512 (16.7)777 (21.3)273 (23.2)260 (21.9)335 (27.9)35 (25)32 (28.3)40 (26.1)85 (23.5)
    65–7495,962 (33.2)1,154 (28.6)1,090 (35.5)1,140 (31.2)309 (26.2)355 (29.9)418 (34.8)32 (22.9)24 (21.2)38 (24.8)102 (28.2)
    75–8485,157 (29.4)1,173 (29.1)982 (32)875 (23.9)270 (22.9)268 (22.5)215 (17.9)28 (20)23 (20.4)27 (17.7)83 (22.9)
    85+ years24,240 (8.4)507 (12.6)313 (10.2)251 (6.9)85 (7.2)111 (9.3)60 (5)8 (5.7)9 (8)5 (3.3)14 (3.9)
    Tumor histology
    Adenocarcinoma104,947 (36.3)2,378 (59)1,383 (45)2,249 (61.5)734 (62.3)567 (47.7)424 (35.3)86 (61.4)61 (54)71 (46.4)204 (56.4)
    Squamous cell43,056 (14.9)283 (7)434 (14.1)278 (7.6)81 (6.9)150 (12.6)191 (15.9)13 (9.3)11 (9.7)13 (8.5)33 (9.1)
    LC + OSC24,401 (8.4)259 (6.4)172 (5.6)216 (5.9)65 (5.5)58 (4.9)74 (6.2)8 (5.7)7 (6.2)9 (5.9)36 (9.9)
    NOS74,526 (25.7)967 (24)755 (24.6)735 (20.1)249 (21.1)296 (24.9)301 (25)27 (19.3)29 (25.7)47 (30.7)79 (21.8)
    Small cell42,504 (14.7)143 (3.5)330 (10.7)178 (4.9)50 (4.2)118 (9.9)212 (17.6)6 (4.3)5 (4.4)13 (8.5)10 (2.8)
    Stage at presentationa
    Localized50,684 (17.5)597 (14.8)539 (17.5)607 (16.6)160 (13.6)185 (15.6)191 (15.9)18 (12.9)11 (9.7)13 (8.5)58 (16)
    Regional58,433 (20.2)733 (18.2)690 (22.5)685 (18.7)174 (14.8)231 (19.4)308 (25.6)24 (17.1)17 (15)23 (15)64 (17.7)
    Distant115,689 (40)2,194 (54.4)1,533 (49.9)1,957 (53.5)695 (59)613 (51.6)619 (51.5)76 (54.3)66 (58.4)101 (66)173 (47.8)
    Unstaged39,944 (13.8)407 (10.1)258 (8.4)312 (8.5)130 (11)120 (10.1)79 (6.6)16 (11.4)18 (15.9)14 (9.2)35 (9.7)
    Missing24,684 (8.5)99 (2.5)54 (1.8)95 (2.6)20 (1.7)40 (3.4)5 (0.4)6 (4.3)<5 (0.9)<5 (1.3)32 (8.8)
    • ↵aCounts less than five cases are suppressed for privacy consideration.

  • Table 3.

    Male trends of lung cancer incidence rates and APC by race/ethnicity and histologic cell type, 1990–2010, United States

    SCLCAdenocarcinomaSCCLC and OSCUnspecified
    NHW
    1990–2010−3.3a(−3.5 to −3.1)1990–1998−0.2(−0.7 to 0.4)1990–1995−5.1a(−5.8 to −4.3)1990–1999−4.1a(−4.8 to −3.5)1990–19970.3(−0.5 to 1.2)
    1998–2004−2.9a(−4 to −1.7)1995–1999−2.6a(−4.5 to −0.7)1999–2002−10.3a(−18 to −2.4)1997–20033.5a(2.2 to 4.8)
    2004–20101.5a(0.7 to 2.4)1999–2004−5.4a(−6.7 to −4.2)2002–2010−3.5a(−4.5 to −2.5)2003–2008−4.0a(−5.7 to −2.3)
    2004–20101.0a(0.3 to 1.7)2008–2010−17a(−22 to −11)
    Chinese
    1990–2010−2.7a(−4.1 to −1.3)1990–1996−5.5a(−11 to −0.1)1990–2001−6.8a(−9 to −4.6)1990–2010−5.7a(−7.1 to −4.4)1990–20071.8(0 to 3.6)
    1996–20101.3a(0 to 2.5)2001–2010−1.4(−4.3 to 1.5)2007–2010−18(−34 to 3.0)
    Filipino
    1990–2010−3.3a(−4.4 to −2.1)1990–20100.3(−0.4 to 1.0)1990–2010−2.5a(−3.5 to −1.6)1990–2010−5.3a(−7.2 to −3.3)1990–20007.5a(3.9 to 11.4)
    2000–2010−4.2a(−6.7 to −1.6)
    Japanese
    1990–2010−0.7(−2.4 to 1.1)1990–20100.1(−0.9 to 1.1)1990–2010−1.2(−2.4 to 0.1)1990–2010b−4.4a(−6.1 to −2.7)1990–20063.7a(1.8 to 5.5)
    2006–2010−8.3(−19 to 3.7)
    Korean
    1990–2010b−3.2(−6.5 to 0.3)1990–2010b−1.1(−2.6 to 0.5)1990–2010−4.8a(−6.7 to −2.8)1990–2010c−3.4(−19 to 15)1990–2010−3.0a(−4.7 to −1.2)
    Vietnamese
    1990–2010b−3.9a(−6.5 to −1.2)1990–2006−1.4(−3.7 to 1.0)1990–2010b−4.3a(−7.9 to −0.7)1990–2010b−7.3a(−10 to −4.4)1990–2010b−0.7(−4.7 to 3.4)
    2006–201011(−1.5 to 24.2)
    Native Hawaiian
    1990–2010b−4.3a(−6.7 to −1.9)1990–20100.1(−1.0 to 1.3)1990–2010−3.9a(−5.8 to −2.0)1990–2010c−7.5(−18 to 3.8)1990–20032.2(−1.1 to 5.6)
    2003–2010−8.8a(−15 to −2.1)
    Laotian
    1990–2010c1.5(−4.7 to 8.1)
    Kampuchean
    1990–2010c−0.7(−11 to 11)1990–2010c−2.7(−13 to 9.2)
    Samoan
    1990–2010c−1.1(−7.4 to 5.5)1990–2010c−0.1(−6.5 to 6.6)1990–2010c−0.1(−7.3 to 7.7)
    Asian Indian/Pakistani
    1990–2010c−0.2(−5.7 to 5.6)1990–2010b2.2(−0.2 to 4.7)1990–2010c−1.9(−8.7 to 5.3)1990–2010c−5.4(−21 to 13)1990–2010c0.1(−5.0 to 5.4)
    • ↵aThe 95% CI for the APC does not include zero (P < 0.05).

    • ↵bJoinpoint and observed rates are based on 2-year groups.

    • ↵cJoinpoint and observed rates are based on 5-year groups.

  • Table 4.

    Female trends of lung cancer incidence rates and APC by race/ethnicity and histologic cell type, 1990–2010, United States

    SCLCAdenocarcinomaSCCLC and OSCUnspecified
    NHW
    1990–2010−1.9a(−2.1 to −1.7)1990–19981.5a(1 to 2.1)1990–19960(−1.2 to 1.2)1990–1997−1(−2 to 0)1990–20024.4a(4 to 4.8)
    1998–2004−0.7(−1.7 to 0.4)1996–2004−2.5a(−3.5 to −1.6)1997–2003−5.2a(−6.9 to −3.4)2002–20052.0(−3.0 to 7.2)
    2004–20102.3a(1.5 to 3.1)2004–20102.2a(0.9 to 3.4)2003–2010−0.8(−2 to 0.3)2005–2008−5.4a(−10 to −0.5)
    2008–2010−15.6a(−20 to −10)
    Chinese
    1990–2008b−5.8a(−7.8 to −3.8)1990–20100.3(−0.4 to 1.1)1990–2008b−4.3a(−6.8 to −1.8)1990–2008b−5.5a(−8.2 to −2.7)1990–20062.2(−0.2 to 4.6)
    2006–2010−13.1(−24.7 to 0.2)
    Filipino
    1990–2008b−2.0(−4.2 to 0.2)1990–20102.6a(1.7 to 3.5)1990–2008b−3.8a(−5.8 to −1.8)1990–2008b−1.9a(−3.5 to −0.3)1990–20054.0a(1.7 to 6.3)
    2005–2010−5.1(−11.9 to 2.3)
    Japanese
    1990–20100.9(−1 to 2.9)1990–20101.0(−0.1 to 2)1990–20102.4a(0.7 to 4.2)1990–2010b−1.4(−4.5 to 1.9)1990–20056.6a(4.2 to 9)
    2005–2010−8.2(−16 to 0.1)
    Korean
    1990–2010c−4.7(−13 to 4.3)1990–2010b3.0a(1.6 to 4.4)1990–2010c−2.8a(−3.7 to −1.9)1990–2010c1.8(−5.7 to 10)
    Vietnamese
    1990–2010c−8.7a(−11 to −6.4)1990–20100.5(−1.1 to 2.1)1990–2010c−7.3a(−12 to −2.3)1990–2010c−6.8a(−11 to −2)1990–2004b3.5(−2.8 to 10)
    2004–2010−18(−40.7 to 13)
    Native Hawaiian
    1990–2010b−1.8(−3.7 to 0.1)1990–2010−1.7a(−3.1 to −0.2)1990–2002b1.9(−2.9 to 7.1)1990–2010c−3.0(−16 to 12)1990–2007−0.3(−2.9 to 2.5)
    2002–2010−10(−20 to 1.2)2007–2010−29.2(−52 to 4.2)
    Kampuchean
    1990–2010c−0.2(−5.9 to 5.8)
    Samoan
    1990–2010c−0.5(−13 to 14)
    Asian Indian/Pakistani
    1990–2010c−0.4(−8.6, to 8.5)
    • ↵aThe 95% CI for the APC does not include zero (P < 0.05).

    • ↵bJoinpoint and observed rates are based on 2-year groups.

    • ↵cJoinpoint and observed rates are based on 5-year groups.

Additional Files

  • Figures
  • Tables
  • Supplementary Data

    Files in this Data Supplement:

    • Supplemental Table 1 - Supplemental Table 1. Geographic areas included in cancer incidence rates for each Asian American, Native Hawaiian, Pacific Islander ethnic group, 1990-2008.
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Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers & Prevention: 23 (11)
November 2014
Volume 23, Issue 11
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Lung Cancer Incidence Trends by Histology Type among Asian American, Native Hawaiian, and Pacific Islander Populations in the United States, 1990–2010
Iona Cheng, Gem M. Le, Anne-Michelle Noone, Kathleen Gali, Manali Patel, Robert W. Haile, Heather A. Wakelee and Scarlett L. Gomez
Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev November 1 2014 (23) (11) 2250-2265; DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-14-0493

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Lung Cancer Incidence Trends by Histology Type among Asian American, Native Hawaiian, and Pacific Islander Populations in the United States, 1990–2010
Iona Cheng, Gem M. Le, Anne-Michelle Noone, Kathleen Gali, Manali Patel, Robert W. Haile, Heather A. Wakelee and Scarlett L. Gomez
Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev November 1 2014 (23) (11) 2250-2265; DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-14-0493
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