Review
The Role of Obesity in Cancer Survival and Recurrence
Wendy Demark-Wahnefried, Elizabeth A. Platz, Jennifer A. Ligibel, Cindy K. Blair, Kerry S. Courneya, Jeffrey A. Meyerhardt, Patricia A. Ganz, Cheryl L. Rock, Kathryn H. Schmitz, Thomas Wadden, Errol J. Philip, Bruce Wolfe, Susan M. Gapstur, Rachel Ballard-Barbash, Anne McTiernan, Lori Minasian, Linda Nebeling and Pamela J. Goodwin
Wendy Demark-Wahnefried
Authors' Affiliations: 1Department of Nutrition Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama; 2Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland; 3Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; 4Faculty of Physical Education and Recreation, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada; 5Schools of Medicine and Public Health, University of California–Los Angeles, Los Angeles; 6Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California; 7Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, 8Center for Weight and Eating Disorders, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; 9Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York; 10Department of Surgery, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon; 11Epidemiology Research Program, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, Georgia; 12Applied Research Program, 13Community Oncology and Prevention Trials Research Group, 14Behavioral Research Program, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland; 15Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington; and 16Department of Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
Elizabeth A. Platz
Authors' Affiliations: 1Department of Nutrition Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama; 2Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland; 3Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; 4Faculty of Physical Education and Recreation, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada; 5Schools of Medicine and Public Health, University of California–Los Angeles, Los Angeles; 6Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California; 7Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, 8Center for Weight and Eating Disorders, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; 9Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York; 10Department of Surgery, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon; 11Epidemiology Research Program, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, Georgia; 12Applied Research Program, 13Community Oncology and Prevention Trials Research Group, 14Behavioral Research Program, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland; 15Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington; and 16Department of Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
Jennifer A. Ligibel
Authors' Affiliations: 1Department of Nutrition Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama; 2Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland; 3Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; 4Faculty of Physical Education and Recreation, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada; 5Schools of Medicine and Public Health, University of California–Los Angeles, Los Angeles; 6Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California; 7Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, 8Center for Weight and Eating Disorders, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; 9Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York; 10Department of Surgery, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon; 11Epidemiology Research Program, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, Georgia; 12Applied Research Program, 13Community Oncology and Prevention Trials Research Group, 14Behavioral Research Program, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland; 15Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington; and 16Department of Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
Cindy K. Blair
Authors' Affiliations: 1Department of Nutrition Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama; 2Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland; 3Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; 4Faculty of Physical Education and Recreation, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada; 5Schools of Medicine and Public Health, University of California–Los Angeles, Los Angeles; 6Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California; 7Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, 8Center for Weight and Eating Disorders, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; 9Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York; 10Department of Surgery, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon; 11Epidemiology Research Program, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, Georgia; 12Applied Research Program, 13Community Oncology and Prevention Trials Research Group, 14Behavioral Research Program, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland; 15Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington; and 16Department of Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
Kerry S. Courneya
Authors' Affiliations: 1Department of Nutrition Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama; 2Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland; 3Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; 4Faculty of Physical Education and Recreation, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada; 5Schools of Medicine and Public Health, University of California–Los Angeles, Los Angeles; 6Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California; 7Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, 8Center for Weight and Eating Disorders, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; 9Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York; 10Department of Surgery, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon; 11Epidemiology Research Program, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, Georgia; 12Applied Research Program, 13Community Oncology and Prevention Trials Research Group, 14Behavioral Research Program, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland; 15Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington; and 16Department of Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
Jeffrey A. Meyerhardt
Authors' Affiliations: 1Department of Nutrition Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama; 2Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland; 3Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; 4Faculty of Physical Education and Recreation, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada; 5Schools of Medicine and Public Health, University of California–Los Angeles, Los Angeles; 6Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California; 7Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, 8Center for Weight and Eating Disorders, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; 9Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York; 10Department of Surgery, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon; 11Epidemiology Research Program, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, Georgia; 12Applied Research Program, 13Community Oncology and Prevention Trials Research Group, 14Behavioral Research Program, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland; 15Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington; and 16Department of Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
Patricia A. Ganz
Authors' Affiliations: 1Department of Nutrition Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama; 2Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland; 3Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; 4Faculty of Physical Education and Recreation, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada; 5Schools of Medicine and Public Health, University of California–Los Angeles, Los Angeles; 6Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California; 7Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, 8Center for Weight and Eating Disorders, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; 9Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York; 10Department of Surgery, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon; 11Epidemiology Research Program, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, Georgia; 12Applied Research Program, 13Community Oncology and Prevention Trials Research Group, 14Behavioral Research Program, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland; 15Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington; and 16Department of Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
Cheryl L. Rock
Authors' Affiliations: 1Department of Nutrition Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama; 2Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland; 3Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; 4Faculty of Physical Education and Recreation, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada; 5Schools of Medicine and Public Health, University of California–Los Angeles, Los Angeles; 6Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California; 7Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, 8Center for Weight and Eating Disorders, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; 9Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York; 10Department of Surgery, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon; 11Epidemiology Research Program, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, Georgia; 12Applied Research Program, 13Community Oncology and Prevention Trials Research Group, 14Behavioral Research Program, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland; 15Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington; and 16Department of Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
Kathryn H. Schmitz
Authors' Affiliations: 1Department of Nutrition Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama; 2Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland; 3Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; 4Faculty of Physical Education and Recreation, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada; 5Schools of Medicine and Public Health, University of California–Los Angeles, Los Angeles; 6Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California; 7Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, 8Center for Weight and Eating Disorders, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; 9Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York; 10Department of Surgery, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon; 11Epidemiology Research Program, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, Georgia; 12Applied Research Program, 13Community Oncology and Prevention Trials Research Group, 14Behavioral Research Program, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland; 15Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington; and 16Department of Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
Thomas Wadden
Authors' Affiliations: 1Department of Nutrition Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama; 2Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland; 3Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; 4Faculty of Physical Education and Recreation, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada; 5Schools of Medicine and Public Health, University of California–Los Angeles, Los Angeles; 6Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California; 7Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, 8Center for Weight and Eating Disorders, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; 9Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York; 10Department of Surgery, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon; 11Epidemiology Research Program, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, Georgia; 12Applied Research Program, 13Community Oncology and Prevention Trials Research Group, 14Behavioral Research Program, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland; 15Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington; and 16Department of Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
Errol J. Philip
Authors' Affiliations: 1Department of Nutrition Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama; 2Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland; 3Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; 4Faculty of Physical Education and Recreation, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada; 5Schools of Medicine and Public Health, University of California–Los Angeles, Los Angeles; 6Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California; 7Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, 8Center for Weight and Eating Disorders, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; 9Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York; 10Department of Surgery, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon; 11Epidemiology Research Program, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, Georgia; 12Applied Research Program, 13Community Oncology and Prevention Trials Research Group, 14Behavioral Research Program, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland; 15Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington; and 16Department of Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
Bruce Wolfe
Authors' Affiliations: 1Department of Nutrition Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama; 2Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland; 3Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; 4Faculty of Physical Education and Recreation, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada; 5Schools of Medicine and Public Health, University of California–Los Angeles, Los Angeles; 6Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California; 7Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, 8Center for Weight and Eating Disorders, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; 9Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York; 10Department of Surgery, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon; 11Epidemiology Research Program, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, Georgia; 12Applied Research Program, 13Community Oncology and Prevention Trials Research Group, 14Behavioral Research Program, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland; 15Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington; and 16Department of Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
Susan M. Gapstur
Authors' Affiliations: 1Department of Nutrition Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama; 2Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland; 3Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; 4Faculty of Physical Education and Recreation, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada; 5Schools of Medicine and Public Health, University of California–Los Angeles, Los Angeles; 6Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California; 7Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, 8Center for Weight and Eating Disorders, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; 9Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York; 10Department of Surgery, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon; 11Epidemiology Research Program, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, Georgia; 12Applied Research Program, 13Community Oncology and Prevention Trials Research Group, 14Behavioral Research Program, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland; 15Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington; and 16Department of Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
Rachel Ballard-Barbash
Authors' Affiliations: 1Department of Nutrition Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama; 2Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland; 3Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; 4Faculty of Physical Education and Recreation, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada; 5Schools of Medicine and Public Health, University of California–Los Angeles, Los Angeles; 6Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California; 7Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, 8Center for Weight and Eating Disorders, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; 9Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York; 10Department of Surgery, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon; 11Epidemiology Research Program, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, Georgia; 12Applied Research Program, 13Community Oncology and Prevention Trials Research Group, 14Behavioral Research Program, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland; 15Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington; and 16Department of Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
Anne McTiernan
Authors' Affiliations: 1Department of Nutrition Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama; 2Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland; 3Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; 4Faculty of Physical Education and Recreation, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada; 5Schools of Medicine and Public Health, University of California–Los Angeles, Los Angeles; 6Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California; 7Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, 8Center for Weight and Eating Disorders, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; 9Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York; 10Department of Surgery, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon; 11Epidemiology Research Program, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, Georgia; 12Applied Research Program, 13Community Oncology and Prevention Trials Research Group, 14Behavioral Research Program, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland; 15Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington; and 16Department of Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
Lori Minasian
Authors' Affiliations: 1Department of Nutrition Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama; 2Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland; 3Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; 4Faculty of Physical Education and Recreation, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada; 5Schools of Medicine and Public Health, University of California–Los Angeles, Los Angeles; 6Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California; 7Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, 8Center for Weight and Eating Disorders, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; 9Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York; 10Department of Surgery, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon; 11Epidemiology Research Program, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, Georgia; 12Applied Research Program, 13Community Oncology and Prevention Trials Research Group, 14Behavioral Research Program, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland; 15Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington; and 16Department of Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
Linda Nebeling
Authors' Affiliations: 1Department of Nutrition Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama; 2Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland; 3Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; 4Faculty of Physical Education and Recreation, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada; 5Schools of Medicine and Public Health, University of California–Los Angeles, Los Angeles; 6Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California; 7Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, 8Center for Weight and Eating Disorders, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; 9Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York; 10Department of Surgery, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon; 11Epidemiology Research Program, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, Georgia; 12Applied Research Program, 13Community Oncology and Prevention Trials Research Group, 14Behavioral Research Program, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland; 15Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington; and 16Department of Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
Pamela J. Goodwin
Authors' Affiliations: 1Department of Nutrition Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama; 2Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland; 3Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; 4Faculty of Physical Education and Recreation, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada; 5Schools of Medicine and Public Health, University of California–Los Angeles, Los Angeles; 6Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California; 7Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, 8Center for Weight and Eating Disorders, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; 9Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York; 10Department of Surgery, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon; 11Epidemiology Research Program, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, Georgia; 12Applied Research Program, 13Community Oncology and Prevention Trials Research Group, 14Behavioral Research Program, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland; 15Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington; and 16Department of Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-12-0485 Published August 2012
Abstract
Obesity and components of energy imbalance, that is, excessive energy intake and suboptimal levels of physical activity, are established risk factors for cancer incidence. Accumulating evidence suggests that these factors also may be important after the diagnosis of cancer and influence the course of disease, as well as overall health, well-being, and survival. Lifestyle and medical interventions that effectively modify these factors could potentially be harnessed as a means of cancer control. However, for such interventions to be maximally effective and sustainable, broad sweeping scientific discoveries ranging from molecular and cellular advances, to developments in delivering interventions on both individual and societal levels are needed. This review summarizes key discussion topics that were addressed in a recent Institute of Medicine Workshop entitled, “The Role of Obesity in Cancer Survival and Recurrence”; discussions included (i) mechanisms associated with obesity and energy balance that influence cancer progression; (ii) complexities of studying and interpreting energy balance in relation to cancer recurrence and survival; (iii) associations between obesity and cancer risk, recurrence, and mortality; (iv) interventions that promote weight loss, increased physical activity, and negative energy balance as a means of cancer control; and (v) future directions. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 21(8); 1244–59. ©2012 AACR.
- Received April 19, 2012.
- Revision received May 31, 2012.
- Accepted June 2, 2012.
- ©2012 American Association for Cancer Research.
August 2012
Volume 21, Issue 8
Volume 21, Issue 8
The Role of Obesity in Cancer Survival and Recurrence
Wendy Demark-Wahnefried, Elizabeth A. Platz, Jennifer A. Ligibel, Cindy K. Blair, Kerry S. Courneya, Jeffrey A. Meyerhardt, Patricia A. Ganz, Cheryl L. Rock, Kathryn H. Schmitz, Thomas Wadden, Errol J. Philip, Bruce Wolfe, Susan M. Gapstur, Rachel Ballard-Barbash, Anne McTiernan, Lori Minasian, Linda Nebeling and Pamela J. Goodwin
Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev August 1 2012 (21) (8) 1244-1259; DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-12-0485
The Role of Obesity in Cancer Survival and Recurrence
Wendy Demark-Wahnefried, Elizabeth A. Platz, Jennifer A. Ligibel, Cindy K. Blair, Kerry S. Courneya, Jeffrey A. Meyerhardt, Patricia A. Ganz, Cheryl L. Rock, Kathryn H. Schmitz, Thomas Wadden, Errol J. Philip, Bruce Wolfe, Susan M. Gapstur, Rachel Ballard-Barbash, Anne McTiernan, Lori Minasian, Linda Nebeling and Pamela J. Goodwin
Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev August 1 2012 (21) (8) 1244-1259; DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-12-0485
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