Article Figures & Data
Figures
- Figure 1.
Scatter plot of plasma 25-hydroxvitamin D [25(OH)D] concentrations assessed at follow-up (2002–2005) versus baseline (1997–2000) among participants in the Osteoporosis and Periodontal Disease (OsteoPerio) Study (n = 672) with least squares regression lines representing participants with bloods drawn in the same (n = 444) and different (11 = 228) seasons at baseline and follow-up. Note: Solid regression line and circles (O) represents women with bloods drawn at baseline and follow-up in the same season. Dashed regression line and plus signs (+) represents women with bloods drawn in different seasons at baseline and follow-up. Seasons are defined by the following 4 seasons: winter (January–March), spring (April–June), summer (July–September), and fall (October–December).
- Figure 2.
Scatter plot of plasma 25-hydroxvitamin D [25(OH)D] concentrations assessed at follow-up (2002–2005) versus baseline (1997–2000) among participants in the Osteoporosis and Periodontal Disease (OsteoPerio) Study (n = 672) with least squares regression lines representing participants with bloods drawn in the same (n = 444) season and at opposite times of year (n = 49) at baseline and follow-up. Note: Solid regression line and circles (O) represents women with bloods drawn at baseline and follow-up in the same season. Dashed regression line and plus signs (+) represents women with bloods drawn at opposite times of year at baseline and follow-up. Seasons are defined by the following 4 seasons: winter (January–March), spring (April–June), summer (July–September), and fall (October–December). There were 444 women with bloods drawn at baseline and follow-up in the same season and 49 women with bloods drawn at baseline and follow-up at opposite times of year (January–March compared with July–September or April–June compared with October–December).
- Figure 3.
Scatter plot of plasma 25-hydroxvitamin D [25(OH)D] concentrations assessed at follow-up (2002–2005) versus baseline (1997–2000) among participants in the Osteoporosis and Periodontal Disease (OsteoPerio) Study (n = 672) with least squares regression lines representing participants with similar (n = 517) and different (n = 151) self-reported vitamin D supplement use at baseline and follow-up. Note: Solid regression line and circles (O) represents women with similar self-reported vitamin D supplement use at baseline and follow-up. Dashed regression line and plus signs (+) represents women with different self-reported vitamin D supplement use at baseline and follow-up. Similar self-reported vitamin D supplement use included women who reported use at both baseline and follow-up or no use at both time points. Different self-reported vitamin D supplement use included women who reported use at baseline but no use at follow-up or no use at baseline and use at follow-up.
Tables
- Table 1.
Descriptive characteristics of participants with plasma 25(OH)D concentrations at Osteoporosis and Periodontal Disease (OsteoPerio) Study baseline (1997–2000) and follow-up (2002–2005; n = 672)
Age at visit (y), mean ± SD 65.7 ± 6.7 Race/Ethnicity, n (%) Caucasian 663 (98.7) African American 4 (0.6) American Indian/Alaskan Native 4 (0.6) Asian/Pacific Islander 1 (0.2) Education level, n (%) Some high school 11 (1.6) High school diploma/GEDa 121 (18.0) School after high school 211 (31.4) College degree or higher 321 (47.8) N Missing 8 (1.2) Smoking status, n (%) Current 14 (2.1) Former 288 (42.9) Never 370 (55.1) Hormone therapy use, n (% any use)b 344 (51.2) BMI (kg/m2)c, mean ± SD 26.6 ± 4.9 Physical activity (METd–h/wk), mean ± SD 14.5 ± 14.4 - Table 2.
Plasma 25(OH)D concentrations, season of blood draw, and vitamin D intake from foods and supplements at Osteoporosis and Periodontal Disease (OsteoPerio) Study baseline (1997–2000) and follow-up (2002–2005) among women with plasma 25(OH)D concentrations at both time points (n = 672)
Baseline Follow-up Plasma 25(OH)D concentrations (nmol/L), mean ± SD 60.0 ± 22.2 67.8 ± 22.2a Plasma 25(OH)D concentrations (nmol/L), range 5.9–147.2 13.0–185.8 Clinical 25(OH)D levels, n (%) At risk for deficiency (<30 nmol/L) 58 (8.6) 22 (3.7)a At risk for inadequacy (≥30–<50 nmol/L) 157 (23.4) 108 (16.1) Adequate (≥50–<75 nmol/L) 305 (45.4) 317 (47.2) Adequate (≥75 nmol/L) 152 (22.6) 225 (33.5) Season of blood draw, n (%) January–March 143 (21.3) 160 (23.8)a April–June 163 (24.3) 180 (26.8) July–September 182 (27.1) 168 (25.0) October–December 184 (27.4) 164 (24.4) Vitamin D intake from foods (IU/d), mean ± SD 200.5 ± 130.3 246.4 ± 245.2a Vitamin D supplement usage, n (%) None 189 (28.1) 72 (10.7)a ≤400 IU/d 324 (48.2) 237 (35.3) >400 IU/d 159 (23.7) 359 (53.4) N Missing 0 4 (0.6) Total vitamin D intake from foods and supplements (IU/d), mean ± SD 536.9 ± 319.7 775.7 ± 439.1a -
↵aP value less than 0.05 for paired t test when comparing means of continuous variables or Bowker test of symmetry when comparing proportions of categorical variables at baseline versus follow-up.
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- Table 3.
Spearman correlation coefficients (r) and 95% CIs, intraindividual CV and ICC, and 95% CIs are presented for repeat measures of plasma 25(OH)D at baseline (1997–2000) and follow-up (2002–2005) among postmenopausal women from the Osteoporosis and Periodontal Disease (OsteoPerio) Study (n = 672) with and without stratification by season of blood draw and supplement use patterns
Sample N Spearman r (95% CI) CV ICC (95% CI) All participants 672 0.61 (0.56–0.66) 24.6% 0.59 (0.54–0.64) Same seasona at baseline and follow-up 444 0.68 (0.63–0.73) 23.8% 0.64 (0.58–0.69) Same season: Winter at baseline and follow-up 98 0.59 (0.44–0.71) 27.7% 0.60 (0.45–0.71) Same season: Spring at baseline and follow-up 116 0.66 (0.54–0.75) 26.5% 0.62 (0.50–0.72) Same season: Summer at baseline and follow-up 122 0.75 (0.66–0.82) 19.3% 0.63 (0.51–0.72) Same season: Fall at baseline and follow-up 108 0.68 (0.56–0.77) 21.2% 0.67 (0.56–0.77) Different seasons at baseline and follow-up 228 0.49 (0.38–0.58) 26.0% 0.48 (0.37–0.57) Six months apart at baseline and follow-up 49 0.58 (0.35–0.74) 30.1% 0.59 (0.38–0.74) No vitamin D supplement useb at baseline or follow-up 54 0.72 (0.56–0.73) 25.5% 0.65 (0.47–0.78) Vitamin D supplement use at baseline but not follow-up 18 0.72 (0.36–0.88) 21.8% 0.78 (0.52–0.91) Vitamin D supplement use at follow-up but not baseline 133 0.57 (0.45–0.68) 33.7% 0.48 (0.34–0.60) Vitamin D supplement use at baseline and follow-up 463 0.59 (0.52–0.64) 21.3% 0.55 (0.49–0.61) No changec in vitamin D supplement use between baseline and follow-up 517 0.62 (0.56–0.67) 21.8% 0.60 (0.55–0.66) Vitamin D supplement use changed between baseline and follow-up 151 0.57 (0.45–0.67) 32.5% 0.51 (0.39–0.62) -
↵aSeasons are defined by the following 4 seasons: winter (January–March), spring (April–June), summer (July–September), and fall (October–December).
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↵bFour participants (2 users, 2 were nonusers) who reported vitamin D supplements use at baseline and are missing follow-up data are excluded. Use of vitamin D supplements is defined as any use of a vitamin D supplement.
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↵cChange in vitamin D supplement use is defined as a person who reported using any amount of vitamin D supplements at baseline and reported using no vitamin D supplements at follow-up and vice versa.
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- Table 4.
Concordance of classification of clinical categories of plasma 25-hydroxvitmain D [25(OH)D] concentrations at follow-up (2002–2005) based on clinical categories at baseline (1997–2000) among 672 participants in the Osteoporosis and Periodontal Disease (OsteoPerio) Study
Follow-up: At risk for deficiency (<30 nmol/L) Follow-up: At risk for inadequacy (≥30–<50 nmol/L) Follow-up: Adequate (≥50–<75 nmol/L) Follow-up: Adequate (≥75 nmol/L) Baseline: At risk for deficiency (<30 nmol/L) 14 (24.1%) 22 (37.9%) 20 (34.5%) 2 (3.5%) Baseline: At risk for inadequacy (≥30–<50 nmol/L) 6 (3.8%) 52 (33.1%) 80 (51.0%) 19 (12.1%) Baseline: Adequate (≥50–<75 nmol/L) 1 (0.3%) 30 (9.8%) 176 (57.7%) 98 (32.1%) Baseline: Adequate (≥75 nmol/L) 1 (0.7%) 5 (3.3%) 41 (27.0%) 106 (69.7%) NOTE: N and row percent presented.
Volume 21, Issue 6
