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Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention
Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention
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Case–control Study of Merkel Cell Polyomavirus Infection and Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Dana E. Rollison, Anna R. Giuliano, Jane L. Messina, Neil A. Fenske, Basil S. Cherpelis, Vernon K. Sondak, Richard G. Roetzheim, Michelle R. Iannacone, Kristina M. Michael, Tarik Gheit, Tim Waterboer, Massimo Tommasino and Michael Pawlita
Dana E. Rollison
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Anna R. Giuliano
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Jane L. Messina
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Neil A. Fenske
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Basil S. Cherpelis
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Vernon K. Sondak
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Richard G. Roetzheim
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Michelle R. Iannacone
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Kristina M. Michael
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Tarik Gheit
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Tim Waterboer
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Massimo Tommasino
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Michael Pawlita
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DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-11-0764 Published January 2012
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Abstract

Background: Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCV) DNA has been reported in 0% to 25% of squamous cell carcinomas (SCC) occurring in immunocompetent individuals. We conducted the first serologic case–control study of MCV and SCC.

Methods: Patients with histologically confirmed cutaneous SCC (n = 173) were recruited from a university dermatology clinic. Controls were individuals who screened negative for and had no history of skin or other cancers (n = 300). Levels of antibodies against capsid antigens for MCV and another polyomavirus, JC virus (JCV), were determined by fluorescent bead-based multiplex serology. Fresh-frozen tumor tissues were obtained from 145 SCC cases and tested for MCV DNA by multiplexed PCR. Associations between MCV seroreactivity and SCC were estimated by ORs and 95% CIs calculated using logistic regression with adjustment for age and sex.

Results: MCV DNA was detected in SCC tumor tissues from 55 (38%) of 145 cases. A statistically significant association was observed between MCV seropositivity and MCV DNA-positive SCC (OR = 2.49, 95% CI = 1.03–6.04), with an almost four-fold association observed when comparing those with MCV antibodies in the fourth versus first quartiles (OR = 3.93, 95% CI = 1.43–10.76, Ptrend = 0.01). No significant associations were observed between MCV seropositivity and MCV DNA-negative SCC (OR = 1.38, 95% CI = 0.76–2.48) or between JCV seropositivity and MCV DNA-positive or DNA-negative SCC.

Conclusion: Past exposure to MCV may be a risk factor for SCC.

Impact: Understanding the role of viral infections in the development of nonmelanoma skin cancer could lead to novel prevention strategies. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 21(1); 74–81. ©2011 AACR.

This article is featured in Highlights of This Issue, p. 1

  • Received August 16, 2011.
  • Revision received October 12, 2011.
  • Accepted October 15, 2011.
  • ©2011 American Association for Cancer Research.
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Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers & Prevention: 21 (1)
January 2012
Volume 21, Issue 1
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Case–control Study of Merkel Cell Polyomavirus Infection and Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Dana E. Rollison, Anna R. Giuliano, Jane L. Messina, Neil A. Fenske, Basil S. Cherpelis, Vernon K. Sondak, Richard G. Roetzheim, Michelle R. Iannacone, Kristina M. Michael, Tarik Gheit, Tim Waterboer, Massimo Tommasino and Michael Pawlita
Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev January 1 2012 (21) (1) 74-81; DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-11-0764

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Case–control Study of Merkel Cell Polyomavirus Infection and Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Dana E. Rollison, Anna R. Giuliano, Jane L. Messina, Neil A. Fenske, Basil S. Cherpelis, Vernon K. Sondak, Richard G. Roetzheim, Michelle R. Iannacone, Kristina M. Michael, Tarik Gheit, Tim Waterboer, Massimo Tommasino and Michael Pawlita
Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev January 1 2012 (21) (1) 74-81; DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-11-0764
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