Skip to main content
  • AACR Publications
    • Blood Cancer Discovery
    • Cancer Discovery
    • Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention
    • Cancer Immunology Research
    • Cancer Prevention Research
    • Cancer Research
    • Clinical Cancer Research
    • Molecular Cancer Research
    • Molecular Cancer Therapeutics

AACR logo

  • Register
  • Log in
  • My Cart
Advertisement

Main menu

  • Home
  • About
    • The Journal
    • AACR Journals
    • Subscriptions
    • Permissions and Reprints
    • Reviewing
  • Articles
    • OnlineFirst
    • Current Issue
    • Past Issues
    • CEBP Focus Archive
    • Meeting Abstracts
    • Progress and Priorities
    • Collections
      • COVID-19 & Cancer Resource Center
      • Disparities Collection
      • Editors' Picks
      • "Best of" Collection
  • For Authors
    • Information for Authors
    • Author Services
    • Best of: Author Profiles
    • Informing Public Health Policy
    • Submit
  • Alerts
    • Table of Contents
    • Editors' Picks
    • OnlineFirst
    • Citation
    • Author/Keyword
    • RSS Feeds
    • My Alert Summary & Preferences
  • News
    • Cancer Discovery News
  • COVID-19
  • Webinars
  • Search More

    Advanced Search

  • AACR Publications
    • Blood Cancer Discovery
    • Cancer Discovery
    • Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention
    • Cancer Immunology Research
    • Cancer Prevention Research
    • Cancer Research
    • Clinical Cancer Research
    • Molecular Cancer Research
    • Molecular Cancer Therapeutics

User menu

  • Register
  • Log in
  • My Cart

Search

  • Advanced search
Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention
Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention
  • Home
  • About
    • The Journal
    • AACR Journals
    • Subscriptions
    • Permissions and Reprints
    • Reviewing
  • Articles
    • OnlineFirst
    • Current Issue
    • Past Issues
    • CEBP Focus Archive
    • Meeting Abstracts
    • Progress and Priorities
    • Collections
      • COVID-19 & Cancer Resource Center
      • Disparities Collection
      • Editors' Picks
      • "Best of" Collection
  • For Authors
    • Information for Authors
    • Author Services
    • Best of: Author Profiles
    • Informing Public Health Policy
    • Submit
  • Alerts
    • Table of Contents
    • Editors' Picks
    • OnlineFirst
    • Citation
    • Author/Keyword
    • RSS Feeds
    • My Alert Summary & Preferences
  • News
    • Cancer Discovery News
  • COVID-19
  • Webinars
  • Search More

    Advanced Search

Research Articles

Global DNA Hypomethylation (LINE-1) in the Normal Colon and Lifestyle Characteristics and Dietary and Genetic Factors

Jane C. Figueiredo, Maria V. Grau, Kristin Wallace, A. Joan Levine, Lanlan Shen, Randala Hamdan, Xinli Chen, Robert S. Bresalier, Gail McKeown-Eyssen, Robert W. Haile, John A. Baron and Jean-Pierre J. Issa
Jane C. Figueiredo
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
Maria V. Grau
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
Kristin Wallace
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
A. Joan Levine
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
Lanlan Shen
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
Randala Hamdan
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
Xinli Chen
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
Robert S. Bresalier
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
Gail McKeown-Eyssen
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
Robert W. Haile
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
John A. Baron
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
Jean-Pierre J. Issa
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-08-0926 Published April 2009
  • Article
  • Figures & Data
  • Info & Metrics
  • PDF
Loading

Article Figures & Data

Tables

  • Table 1.

    Comparison of individuals in the Aspirin/Folate Polyp Prevention Trial who participated and did not participate in this study

    CharacteristicsIndividuals excluded in this studyIndividuals included in this studyP*
    No. participants733388
    Age at baseline, mean ± SD (y)57.3 ± 9.957.8 ± 9.10.83†
    Male, n (%)466 (63.6)246 (63.4)0.96*
    Body mass index >30 kg/m2, n (%)176 (24.0)77 (19.9)0.12*
    Current cigarette smoker, n (%)106 (14.5)58 (15.0)0.97*
    Colorectal cancer in first-degree relative, n (%)224 (36.9)117 (37.9)0.78*
    Self-identified as White, n (%)633 (86.4)325 (83.8)0.24*
    Aspirin Treatment Group‡, n (%)489 (66.7)260 (67.0)0.92*
    Folate Treatment Group, n (%)318 (50.2)198 (51.0)0.81*
    Baseline RBC folate, mean ± SD (ng/mL)414.9 ± 6.3396.4 ± 7.20.04§
    Baseline plasma folate, mean ± SD (nmol/L)24.8 ± 0.7520.9 ± 0.80<0.01§
    Baseline plasma B2, mean ± SD (nmol/L)30.9 ± 2.125.7 ± 2.30.38§
    Baseline plasma B6, mean ± SD (nmol/L)80.7 ± 3.576.5 ± 4.60.44§
    Baseline plasma B12, mean ± SD (pmol/L)319.3 ± 6.2338.6 ± 9.10.09§
    Baseline plasma homocysteine, mean ± SD (μmol/L)10.1 ± 4.29.9 ± 2.950.80§
    Multivitamin use, n (%)265 (36.3)130 (33.5)0.36§
    Dietary intake
        Folate intake, mean ± SD (μg/d)327.9 ± 6.1305.0 ± 7.70.01†
        Vitamin B2, mean ± SD (mg/d)1.79 ± 0.031.72 ± 0.430.11†
        Vitamin B6, mean ± SD (mg/d)1.67 ± 0.031.64 ± 0.040.26†
        Vitamin B12, mean ± SD (mg/d)
    Alcohol (drinks/d), n (%)217 (31.5)123 (33.0)0.21*
        None341 (49.4)165 (44.2)
        ≤1132 (19.1)85 (22.8)
        ≥2
    Adenoma characteristics (at baseline)∥
        No. lifetime adenomas (mean ± SD)2.44 ± 2.302.22 ± 1.940.11§
        Large baseline adenomas (>1 cm), n (%)157 (21.4)96 (24.7)0.21*
        Baseline adenomas with villous histology, n (%)107 (14.6)49 (12.6)0.37*
        Baseline adenomas with proximal location, n (%)342 (46.7)164 (42.3)0.16*
    • ↵* χ2 test.

    • ↵† Two-sample t test.

    • ↵‡ 81 and 325 mg/d aspirin treatment groups combined.

    • ↵§ Nonparametric Mann-Whitney test.

    • ↵∥ Using standard definitions by Polyp Prevention Study Group (30, 31).

  • Table 2.

    Association between LINE-1 methylation and selected demographic and lifestyle variables

    Counts*
    Overall
    Left side
    Right side
    P†
    NT/NL/NRMean (95% CI)P‡Mean (95% CI)P‡Mean (95% CI)P‡
    Age (y)
        Q1 (30-52)107/107/10664.75 (64.24-65.26)0.4965.41 (64.81-66.00)0.6364.09 (63.51-64.68)0.460.27
        Q2 (53-58)96/96/9663.94 (63.40-64.48)64.17 (63.55-64.78)63.71 (63.05-64.38)
        Q3 (59-64)93/92/9264.39 (63.87-64.92)64.93 (64.24-65.62)63.87 (63.28-64.45)
        Q4 (65-78)92/92/9164.32 (63.80-64.85)64.92 (64.21-65.62)63.72 (63.17-64.27)
    Sex
        Male246/245/24464.33 (64.02-64.64)0.7264.86 (64.45-65.26)0.8563.80 (63.44-64.17)0.660.81
        Female142/141/14264.44 (63.95-64.93)64.92 (64.36-65.48)63.95 (63.43-64.46)
    Body mass index (kg/m2)
        Normal113/113/11264.37 (63.87-64.86)0.9364.85 (64.28-65.43)0.7063.89 (63.31-64.47)0.790.77
        Overweight195/195/19364.37 (64.01-64.73)64.84 (64.39-65.29)63.90 (63.49-64.30)
        Obese79/78/7964.40 (63.78-65.02)65.05 (64.24-65.86)63.77 (63.10-64.44)
    Smoking
        Never164/164/16364.39 (64.02-64.76)0.4465.12 (64.66-65.57)0.6263.65 (63.23-64.08)0.080.04
        Former163/163/16364.24 (63.82-64.67)64.65 (64.10-65.21)63.84 (63.38-64.30)
        Current60/59/5864.73 (63.96-65.49)64.88 (64.05-65.71)64.57 (63.65-65.50)
    Alcohol
        Never123/123/12264.54 (64.13-64.95)0.7465.37 (64.78-65.95)0.1463.70 (63.27-64.14)0.260.02
        1 per day85/84/8564.22 (63.85-64.59)64.65 (64.23-65.08)63.77 (63.30-64.24)
        ≥2 per day165/165/16364.40 (63.69-65.10)64.61 (63.80-65.42)64.19 (63.45-64.95)
    Race
        White325/324/32464.27 (63.99-64.55)0.1064.82 (64.47-65.16)0.4363.72 (63.41-64.04)0.020.19
        Black22/22/2164.03 (63.44-64.61)64.84 (63.94-65.75)63.21 (62.43-63.98)
        Hispanic22/22/2265.40 (63.85-66.96)65.38 (63.47-67.28)65.43 (63.81-67.05)
        Other19/19/1965.43 (63.61-67.25)65.52 (63.48-67.55)65.35 (63.56-67.13)
    • ↵* NT = total individuals; NL = total individuals with samples on the left side; NR = total individuals with samples on the right side.

    • ↵† Pinteraction testing differences between right and left sides of the colorectum.

    • ↵‡ Ptrend.

  • Table 3.

    Association between LINE-1 methylation and dietary intake of B-vitamin and multivitamin use

    Counts*
    Overall
    Left side
    Right side
    P†
    NT/NL/NRMean (95% CI)P‡Mean (95% CI)P‡Mean (95% CI)P‡
    Dietary folate (μg/d)
        Q1 (78.08-205.86)94/94/9364.66 (64.09-65.23)0.0264.85 (64.18-65.51)0.3264.47 (63.83-65.11)<0.010.10
        Q2 (206.87-277.3)94/94/9464.82 (64.69-65.32)65.47 (64.79-66.16)64.16 (63.59-64.73)
        Q3 (277.31-373.65)94/94/9364.05 (63.55-64.56)64.57 (63.95-65.19)63.53 (62.94-64.12)
        Q4 (376.17-1,285.59)93/91/9263.92 (63.36-64.48)64.63 (63.96-65.31)63.22 (62.61-63.82)
    Dietary B2 (mg/d)
        Q1 (0.39-1.18)98/98/9764.73 (64.18-65.28)0.5765.22 (64.52-65.92)0.7564.24 (63.67-64.82)0.160.12
        Q2 (1.19-1.57)92/92/9264.17 (63.64-64.70)64.36 (63.73-65.00)63.97 (63.33-64.61)
        Q3 (1.60-2.20)92/92/9264.03 (63.56-64.48)64.66 (64.03-65.30)63.39 (62.89-63.89)
        Q4 (2.21-6.56)93/91/9164.53 (63.93-65.13)65.29 (64.62-65.96)63.77 (63.09-64.45)
    Dietary B6 (mg/d)
        Q1 (0.33-1.08)99/99/9964.72 (64.17-65.28)0.1764.99 (64.31-65.66)0.7764.46 (63.87-65.04)0.040.32
        Q2 (1.09-1.54)89/89/8864.23 (63.68-64.78)64.76 (64.13-65.39)63.70 (63.05-64.35)
        Q3 (1.55-2.00)95/95/9464.38 (63.90-64.86)65.02 (64.32-65.71)63.76 (63.25-64.27)
        Q4 (2.01-6.20)92/90/9164.11 (63.56-64.65)64.76 (64.12-65.39)63.45 (62.80-64.11)
    Multivitamin use
        No256/255/25364.22 (63.90-64.53)0.1264.72 (64.31-65.13)0.1863.71 (63.35-64.06)0.100.97
        Yes130/130/13064.67 (64.20-65.13)65.19 (64.65-65.72)64.15 (63.61-64.70)
    • NOTE: Quartiles of the residuals of the regression of the logarithm of the nutrient on the logarithm of kilocalories. Means are adjusted for energy intake using the logarithm of caloric intake. Quartiles ranges are based in a 2,000 calories/d diet.

    • ↵* NT = total individuals; NL = total individuals with samples on the left side; NR = total individuals with samples on the right side.

    • ↵† Pinteraction testing differences between right and left sides of the colorectum.

    • ↵‡ Ptrend.

  • Table 4.

    Association between LINE-1 methylation and circulating levels of B vitamins and homocysteine

    Counts*
    Overall
    Left side
    Right side
    P†
    NT/NL/NRMean (95% CI)P‡Mean (95% CI)P‡Mean (95% CI)P‡
    Plasma folate (nmol/L)
        Q1 (3.14-10.02)93/93/9164.80 (64.32-65.28)0.2265.33 (64.69-65.97)0.4364.26 (63.69-64.84)0.220.88
        Q2 (10.05-16.70)92/92/9264.12 (63.53-64.70)64.52 (63.80-65.24)63.71 (63.09-64.33)
        Q3 (16.73-27.26)93/92/9264.20 (63.66-64.73)64.70 (64.01-65.39)63.71 (63.08-64.34)
        Q4 (27.31-119.0)92/92/9264.30 (63.77-64.83)64.88 (64.26-65.50)63.72 (63.13-64.31)
    RBC folate (ng/mL)
        Q1 (64.86-303.0)98/98/9664.07 (63.69-64.46)0.9964.41 (63.89-64.93)0.6663.72 (63.23-64.22)0.660.68
        Q2 (304.0-383.0)96/96/9564.58 (63.94-65.21)65.13 (64.37-65.90)64.02 (63.30-64.73)
        Q3 (384.0-468.0)98/97/9864.92 (64.32-65.53)65.55 (64.83-66.26)64.30 (63.64-64.95)
        Q4 (469.0-952.0)95/94/9563.95 (63.50-64.41)64.47 (63.88-65.06)63.45 (62.94-63.96)
    Plasma B2 (nmol/L)
        Q1 (2.54-8.93)93/92/9164.62 (63.99-65.24)0.4564.81 (64.11-65.52)0.7164.42 (63.68-65.17)0.080.17
        Q2 (9.10-14.70)93/93/9264.31 (63.75-64.86)64.88 (64.22-65.55)63.72 (63.06-64.38)
        Q3 (14.90-23.70)93/92/9364.18 (63.73-64.64)64.67 (64.07-65.27)63.71 (63.19-64.22)
        Q4 (23.80-468.5)92/92/9264.34 (63.83-64.84)65.08 (64.38-65.79)63.59 (63.11-64.07)
    Plasma B6 (nmol/L)
        Q1 (9.74-36.0)94/94/9264.27 (63.69-64.84)0.2964.38 (63.71-65.06)0.0464.15 (63.44-64.84)0.760.11
        Q2 (36.1-51.2)93/92/9264.08 (63.51-64.65)64.69 (63.96-65.42)63.47 (62.88-64.06)
        Q3 (52.1-79.8)92/91/9264.57 (64.06-65.08)65.14 (64.51-65.77)64.00 (63.40-64.60)
        Q4 (80.7-857)92/92/9264.53 (64.07-65.00)65.25 (64.63-65.86)63.83 (63.32-64.34)
    Plasma B12 (pmol/L)
        Q1 (43.90-240.7)93/92/9164.34 (63.69-64.99)0.5864.68 (63.91-65.45)0.8563.99 (63.29-64.69)0.450.75
        Q2 (242.7-307.1)93/93/9364.62 (64.04-65.19)65.25 (64.47-66.04)63.98 (63.37-64.59)
        Q3 (307.7-400.8)93/92/9364.26 (63.83-64.69)64.77 (64.22-65.31)63.75 (63.20-64.30)
        Q4 (400.9-2072)93/93/9264.23 (63.78-64.67)64.75 (64.22-65.27)63.71 (63.16-64.26)
    Homocysteine (μmol/L)
        Q1 (4.73-7.92)93/93/9264.23 (63.72-64.74)0.8664.89 (64.29-65.48)0.8263.58 (63.03-64.13)0.560.70
        Q2 (7.94-9.25)93/93/9364.35 (63.85-64.85)64.77 (64.07-65.46)63.94 (63.93-64.49)
        Q3 (9.29-11.10)93/91/9264.62 (64.08-65.17)65.14 (64.57-65.71)64.11 (63.38-64.83)
        Q4 (11.18-23.30)92/92/9164.21 (63.62-64.79)64.64 (63.85-65.44)63.78 (63.22-64.33)
    • ↵* NT = total individuals; NL = total individuals with samples on the left side; NR = total individuals with samples on the right side.

    • ↵† Pinteraction testing differences between right and left sides of the colorectum.

    • ↵‡ Ptrend.

  • Table 5.

    Association between LINE-1 methylation and selected polymorphisms

    Counts*
    Overall
    Left side
    Right side
    P†
    NT/NL/NRMean (95% CI)P‡Mean (95% CI)P‡Mean (95% CI)P‡
    MTHFR-C677T
        CC156/156/15664.44 (64.02-64.86)0.5365.05 (64.54-65.56)0.8963.84 (63.34-64.34)0.320.26
        CT156/156/15564.25 (63.85-64.65)64.65 (64.14-65.16)63.86 (63.42-64.29)
        TT45/44/4364.16 (63.38-64.94)64.97 (63.98-65.95)63.36 (62.56-64.16)
    MTHFR-A1298C
        AA174/173/17264.04 (63.69-64.39)0.4464.57 (64.16-64.98)0.3063.52 (63.10-63.95)0.870.65
        AC142/142/14164.64 (64.18-65.10)65.12 (64.51-65.72)64.16 (63.68-64.65)
        CC39/39/3964.42 (63.52-65.33)65.21 (64.05-66.37)63.62 (62.59-64.64)
    MTR-A2756G
        AA244/244/24364.28 (63.95-64.61)0.3964.78 (64.37-65.20)0.3663.77 (63.41-64.14)0.880.72
        AG101/100/9964.39 (63.87-64.91)64.95 (64.33-65.58)63.82 (63.22-64.43)
        GG12/12/1264.72 (63.78-65.67)65.60 (63.91-67.29)63.84 (63.07-64.61)
    MTRR-A66G
        AA88/88/8664.59 (64.06-65.13)0.4865.43 (64.75-66.11)0.1363.76 (63.15-64.36)0.680.14
        AG168/168/16864.19 (63.79-64.59)64.64 (64.14-65.15)63.74 (63.29-64.19)
        GG99/98/9864.33 (63.82-64.83)64.72 (64.11-65.33)63.93 (63.35-64.52)
    CBS-C1080T
        CC169/168/16864.22 (63.81-64.62)0.8664.84 (64.35-65.32)0.7063.60 (63.12-64.07)0.440.55
        CT150/150/14864.46 (64.04-64.88)64.93 (64.39-65.48)63.98 (63.53-64.42)
        TT36/36/3664.30 (63.53-65.06)64.61 (63.59-65.64)63.98 (63.15-64.81)
    CBS-C699T
        CC153/153/15164.49 (64.07-64.91)0.7464.88 (64.34-65.41)0.4764.10 (63.65-64.55)0.820.37
        CT170/169/16964.12 (63.73-64.50)64.75 (64.27-65.22)63.49 (63.05-63.93)
        TT33/33/3364.66 (63.80-65.51)64.33 (64.21-66.45)63.96 (62.84-65.09)
    • ↵* NT = total individuals; NL = total individuals with samples on the left side; NR = total individuals with samples on the right side.

    • ↵† Pinteraction testing differences between right and left sides of the colorectum.

    • ↵‡ Ptrend.

PreviousNext
Back to top
Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers & Prevention: 18 (4)
April 2009
Volume 18, Issue 4
  • Table of Contents
  • Table of Contents (PDF)

Sign up for alerts

View this article with LENS

Open full page PDF
Article Alerts
Sign In to Email Alerts with your Email Address
Email Article

Thank you for sharing this Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention article.

NOTE: We request your email address only to inform the recipient that it was you who recommended this article, and that it is not junk mail. We do not retain these email addresses.

Enter multiple addresses on separate lines or separate them with commas.
Global DNA Hypomethylation (LINE-1) in the Normal Colon and Lifestyle Characteristics and Dietary and Genetic Factors
(Your Name) has forwarded a page to you from Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention
(Your Name) thought you would be interested in this article in Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention.
CAPTCHA
This question is for testing whether or not you are a human visitor and to prevent automated spam submissions.
Citation Tools
Global DNA Hypomethylation (LINE-1) in the Normal Colon and Lifestyle Characteristics and Dietary and Genetic Factors
Jane C. Figueiredo, Maria V. Grau, Kristin Wallace, A. Joan Levine, Lanlan Shen, Randala Hamdan, Xinli Chen, Robert S. Bresalier, Gail McKeown-Eyssen, Robert W. Haile, John A. Baron and Jean-Pierre J. Issa
Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev April 1 2009 (18) (4) 1041-1049; DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-08-0926

Citation Manager Formats

  • BibTeX
  • Bookends
  • EasyBib
  • EndNote (tagged)
  • EndNote 8 (xml)
  • Medlars
  • Mendeley
  • Papers
  • RefWorks Tagged
  • Ref Manager
  • RIS
  • Zotero
Share
Global DNA Hypomethylation (LINE-1) in the Normal Colon and Lifestyle Characteristics and Dietary and Genetic Factors
Jane C. Figueiredo, Maria V. Grau, Kristin Wallace, A. Joan Levine, Lanlan Shen, Randala Hamdan, Xinli Chen, Robert S. Bresalier, Gail McKeown-Eyssen, Robert W. Haile, John A. Baron and Jean-Pierre J. Issa
Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev April 1 2009 (18) (4) 1041-1049; DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-08-0926
del.icio.us logo Digg logo Reddit logo Twitter logo CiteULike logo Facebook logo Google logo Mendeley logo
  • Tweet Widget
  • Facebook Like
  • Google Plus One

Jump to section

  • Article
    • Abstract
    • Introduction
    • Materials and Methods
    • Results
    • Discussion
    • Disclosure of Potential Conflicts of Interest
    • Acknowledgments
    • Footnotes
    • References
  • Figures & Data
  • Info & Metrics
  • PDF
Advertisement

Related Articles

Cited By...

More in this TOC Section

  • Urinary Melatonin in Relation to Breast Cancer Risk
  • Endometrial Cancer and Ovarian Cancer Cross-Cancer GWAS
  • Risk Factors of Subsequent CNS Tumor after Pediatric Cancer
Show more Research Articles
  • Home
  • Alerts
  • Feedback
  • Privacy Policy
Facebook   Twitter   LinkedIn   YouTube   RSS

Articles

  • Online First
  • Current Issue
  • Past Issues

Info for

  • Authors
  • Subscribers
  • Advertisers
  • Librarians

About Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention

  • About the Journal
  • Editorial Board
  • Permissions
  • Submit a Manuscript
AACR logo

Copyright © 2021 by the American Association for Cancer Research.

Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention
eISSN: 1538-7755
ISSN: 1055-9965

Advertisement