Risk Factors for Pancreatic Cancer Mortality: Extended Follow-up of the Original Whitehall Study

DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-08-1032 Published February 2009

Article Figures & Data

Table 1.

Risk factors for pancreatic cancer mortality in the original Whitehall Study (N = 17,898)

	No. deaths/no. men	Rate ratio (95% confidence intervals)
	No. deaths/no. men			Age-adjusted	Multiple adjustment*
Body mass index (kg/m²)
Tertile 1	53/5,969	1.0	1.0
Tertile 2	54/5,994	0.98 (0.67-1.43)	1.02 (0.69-1.50)
Tertile 3	56/5,935	1.10 (0.75-1.60)	1.18 (0.79-1.75)
Per 1 SD (2.98 kg/m²) increase		1.01 (0.86-1.18)	1.03 (0.87-1.23)
Plasma cholesterol (mmol/L)
Tertile 1	56/6,124	1.0	1.0
Tertile 2	69/5,733	1.32 (0.93-1.88)	1.32 (0.93-1.88)
Tertile 3	38/6,041	0.71 (0.47-1.07)	0.73 (0.48-1.10)
Per 1 SD (1.21 mmol/L) increase		0.91 (0.78-1.07)	0.92 (0.78-1.08)
Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg)
Tertile 1	63/5,687	1.0	1.0
Tertile 2	50/6,219	0.75 (0.52-1.09)	0.75 (0.52-1.10)
Tertile 3	50/5,991	0.88 (0.61-1.28)	0.89 (0.60-1.31)
Per 1 SD (13.8 mmHg) increase		0.93 (0.78-1.09)	0.92 (0.77-1.10)
Systolic blood pressure (mmHg)
Tertile 1	59/5,870	1.0	1.0
Tertile 2	57/6,042	0.97 (0.67-1.39)	0.96 (0.67-1.39)
Tertile 3	47/5,986	0.92 (0.63-1.36)	0.93 (0.62-1.38)
Per 1 SD (21.2 mmHg) increase		0.98 (0.83-1.15)	0.98 (0.83-1.17)
Physical activity
High	33/2,955	1.0	1.0
Moderate	78/9,339	0.93 (0.66-1.33)	0.92 (0.65-1.30)
Sedentary	52/5,604	1.37 (0.89-2.12)	1.32 (0.84-2.06)
Socioeconomic position
Administrative (highest socioeconomic status)	13/908	1.43 (0.80-2.54)	1.43 (0.80-2.55)
Professional/executive	106/11,652	1.0	1.0
Clerical	21/2,823	0.95 (0.59-1.51)	1.00 (0.62-1.63)
Other (lowest socioeconomic status)	16/1,678	1.29 (0.76-2.18)	1.29 (0.74-2.25)
BC and DS^†	7/837	0.94 (0.44-2.02)	0.99 (0.46-2.13)

↵* Excluding the predictor variable of interest, multiple adjustment is adjustment for body mass index, plasma cholesterol, physical activity, socioeconomic status, diabetes/blood glucose, marital status, forced expiratory volume in 1 s, height, age at risk, smoking, and diastolic and systolic blood pressure (estimates for components of blood pressure are not mutually adjusted).
↵† British Council and Diplomatic Service included as separate categories because grade levels are not comparable with other civil service departments.