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Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention
Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention
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Talc Use, Variants of the GSTM1, GSTT1, and NAT2 Genes, and Risk of Epithelial Ovarian Cancer

Margaret A. Gates, Shelley S. Tworoger, Kathryn L. Terry, Linda Titus-Ernstoff, Bernard Rosner, Immaculata De Vivo, Daniel W. Cramer and Susan E. Hankinson
Margaret A. Gates
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Shelley S. Tworoger
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Kathryn L. Terry
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Linda Titus-Ernstoff
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Bernard Rosner
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Immaculata De Vivo
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Daniel W. Cramer
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Susan E. Hankinson
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DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-08-0399 Published September 2008
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Abstract

Epidemiologic evidence suggests a possible association between genital use of talcum powder and risk of epithelial ovarian cancer; however, the biological basis for this association is not clear. We analyzed interactions between talc use and genes in detoxification pathways [glutathione S-transferase M1 (GSTM1), glutathione S-transferase T1 (GSTT1), and N-acetyltransferase 2 (NAT2)] to assess whether the talc/ovarian cancer association is modified by variants of genes potentially involved in the response to talc. Our analysis included 1,175 cases and 1,202 controls from a New England-based case-control study and 210 cases and 600 controls from the prospective Nurses' Health Study. We genotyped participants for the GSTM1 and GSTT1 gene deletions and three NAT2 polymorphisms. We used logistic regression to analyze the main effect of talc use, genotype, and gene-talc interactions in each population and pooled the estimates using a random-effects model. Regular talc use was associated with increased ovarian cancer risk in the combined study population (RR, 1.36; 95% CI, 1.14-1.63; Ptrend < 0.001). Independent of talc, the genes examined were not clearly associated with risk. However, the talc/ovarian cancer association varied by GSTT1 genotype and combined GSTM1/GSTT1 genotype. In the pooled analysis, the association with talc was stronger among women with the GSTT1-null genotype (Pinteraction = 0.03), particularly in combination with the GSTM1-present genotype (Pinteraction = 0.03). There was no clear evidence of an interaction with GSTM1 alone or NAT2. These results suggest that women with certain genetic variants may have a higher risk of ovarian cancer associated with genital talc use. Additional research is needed on these interactions and the underlying biological mechanisms. (Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2008;17(9):2436–44)

  • talc
  • GSTM1
  • NAT2
  • ovarian cancer
  • gene-environment interactions

Footnotes

  • Grant support: National Cancer Institute, NIH grants P50 CA105009, P01 CA87969, and R01 CA054419 and training grants T32 CA009001 and R25 CA098566.

  • Note: Supplementary data for this article are available at Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention Online (http://cebp.aacrjournals.org/).

    • Accepted June 30, 2008.
    • Received May 1, 2008.
    • Revision received June 23, 2008.
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Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers & Prevention: 17 (9)
September 2008
Volume 17, Issue 9
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Talc Use, Variants of the GSTM1, GSTT1, and NAT2 Genes, and Risk of Epithelial Ovarian Cancer
Margaret A. Gates, Shelley S. Tworoger, Kathryn L. Terry, Linda Titus-Ernstoff, Bernard Rosner, Immaculata De Vivo, Daniel W. Cramer and Susan E. Hankinson
Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev September 1 2008 (17) (9) 2436-2444; DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-08-0399

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Talc Use, Variants of the GSTM1, GSTT1, and NAT2 Genes, and Risk of Epithelial Ovarian Cancer
Margaret A. Gates, Shelley S. Tworoger, Kathryn L. Terry, Linda Titus-Ernstoff, Bernard Rosner, Immaculata De Vivo, Daniel W. Cramer and Susan E. Hankinson
Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev September 1 2008 (17) (9) 2436-2444; DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-08-0399
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