Article Figures & Data
Figures
- Figure 1.
Expression of (A) matriptase and (B) HAI-1 protein in NHPE and prostate cancer cells LNCaP, CWR22Rν1, DU145, and PC-3 by Western blotting. Equal loading of protein was confirmed by stripping the blots and reprobing with β-actin antibody. The histogram indicates the relative density of the bands normalized to β-actin. Columns, mean of relative densities; bars, ± SE; NS, nonsignificant.
- Figure 2.
Expression of (A) matriptase and (B) HAI-1 mRNA in NHPE and prostate cancer cells LNCaP, CWR22Rν1, DU145, and PC-3 by RT-PCR. Equal loading of RT-PCR product was confirmed by GAPDH as an internal control. The histogram indicates the relative density of bands normalized to GAPDH. Columns, mean of relative densities; bars, ± SE; NS, nonsignificant.
- Figure 3.
Immunostaining for matriptase and HAI-1 in representative specimens of positive and negative controls. A negative control in which CaP tissues were incubated with normal mouse IgG replacing the anti-HIA-1 or matriptase monoclonal antibody (top). Positive controls for matriptase (middle) and HAI-1 (bottom) using the breast carcinoma specimens to show the specificity of the antibodies and quality of the immunohistochemical staining. The breast cancer specimens showed that both HAI-1 and matriptase were only present in the ductal and lobular epithelial cells, whereas the stroma was negative for both markers. Arrows, staining for matriptase and HAI-1 staining in the ductal and lobular epithelial cells. Original magnification, ×10; insets, ×40.
- Figure 4.
Box plots for matriptase (A) and HAI-1 (B) protein based on staining pattern in normal, BPH, PIN, and prostate cancer specimens of tumor grades 1 to 3. The intensity of staining was graded semiquantitatively by assigning a score to each tissue specimen. *, P < 0.05 compared with normal; black bar in gray box, median values.
- Figure 5.
Immunostaining for matriptase in representative specimens of (A) normal, BPH, PIN (B) CaP specimens of tumor grades 1 to 3, and (C) in specimens with adjacent normal and cancerous regions. CaP specimens were assigned tumor grades on the basis of Gleason pattern and Gleason score as described in Materials and Methods. Immunoreactive matriptase protein was observed in a coarsely granular pattern in cell cytoplasms of epithelial cells of BPH and of grade 1, grade 2 and grade 3 prostatic adenocarcinoma. There was minimal staining of occasional stromal cells. Matriptase expression was weak in normal and moderate to strong in BPH, PIN and advanced CaP specimens.
, staining for matriptase in cancer regions; , staining for matriptase in normal regions. Original magnification, ×10; insets, ×40. - Figure 6.
Immunostaining for HAI-1 protein in representative specimens of normal (A), BPH, PIN, CaP of Gleason patterns 2 to 4 (B), and in specimens with adjacent normal and cancerous regions (C). CaP specimens were assigned tumor grades on the basis of Gleason pattern and Gleason score as described in Materials and Methods. Staining for HAI-1 was positive in the cytoplasm of the stromal cells of normal and BPH but was progressively lost in CaP specimens.
, cancerous region; , normal regions. HAI-1 protein expression was lost in both cancer as well as adjacent normal regions in CaP specimens of Gleason pattern 4. Original magnification, ×10; insets, ×40.
Tables
- Table 1.
Expression of matriptase and HAI-1 in normal human prostate, BPH, PIN, and adenocarcinoma specimens
Specimen type Matriptase staining intensity HAI-1 staining intensity Total None Weak Moderate Strong P Total None Weak Moderate Strong P Total 48 11 6 20 11 40 13 14 12 1 Normal 6 5 1 0 0 0.05* 6 1 1 4 0 0.05* BPH 6 3 0 3 0 16 2 7 7 0 PIN 4 0 3 1 0 0.05* 5 3 2 0 0 Carcinoma (all grades) 32 3 2 16 11 0.0015* 13 7 4 1 1 0.05* Grade 1 2 0 0 2 0 2 1 1 0 0 Grade 2 10 2 0 5 3 8 4 2 1 1 Grade 2 20 1 2 9 8 0.01* 3 2 1 0 0 NOTE: The expression of matriptase and HAI-1 was evaluated as staining of the tissue as none (0), weak (1), moderate (2), and strong (3). Fisher exact test was used to examine the association between staining intensity and tissue type or staining intensity and tumor grade (for tumor specimen only).
↵* P < 0.05 was considered significant.
- Table 2.
Expression of matriptase and HAI-1 in pair-matched human prostate adenocarcinoma specimens
Specimen Type Matriptase staining intensity HAI-1 staining intensity Total None Weak Moderate Strong P Total None Weak Moderate Strong P Carcinoma (all grades) 42 2 1 20 19 0.0001* 42 17 15 9 1 0.05* Grade 1 4 1 0 2 1 4 1 3 0 0 Grade 2 14 0 0 13 1 0.001* 14 0 5 8 1 Grade 3 24 1 1 5 17 0.001* 24 16 7 1 0 NOTE: The expression of matriptase and HAI-1 was evaluated as staining of the tissue as none (0), weak (1), moderate (2), and strong (3). Fisher exact test was used to examine the association between staining intensity and tumor grade.
↵* P < 0.05 was considered significant.
Volume 15, Issue 2
