Skip to main content
  • AACR Publications
    • Blood Cancer Discovery
    • Cancer Discovery
    • Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention
    • Cancer Immunology Research
    • Cancer Prevention Research
    • Cancer Research
    • Clinical Cancer Research
    • Molecular Cancer Research
    • Molecular Cancer Therapeutics

AACR logo

  • Register
  • Log in
  • My Cart
Advertisement

Main menu

  • Home
  • About
    • The Journal
    • AACR Journals
    • Subscriptions
    • Permissions and Reprints
    • Reviewing
  • Articles
    • OnlineFirst
    • Current Issue
    • Past Issues
    • CEBP Focus Archive
    • Meeting Abstracts
    • Progress and Priorities
    • Collections
      • COVID-19 & Cancer Resource Center
      • Disparities Collection
      • Editors' Picks
      • "Best of" Collection
  • For Authors
    • Information for Authors
    • Author Services
    • Best of: Author Profiles
    • Informing Public Health Policy
    • Submit
  • Alerts
    • Table of Contents
    • Editors' Picks
    • OnlineFirst
    • Citation
    • Author/Keyword
    • RSS Feeds
    • My Alert Summary & Preferences
  • News
    • Cancer Discovery News
  • COVID-19
  • Webinars
  • Search More

    Advanced Search

  • AACR Publications
    • Blood Cancer Discovery
    • Cancer Discovery
    • Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention
    • Cancer Immunology Research
    • Cancer Prevention Research
    • Cancer Research
    • Clinical Cancer Research
    • Molecular Cancer Research
    • Molecular Cancer Therapeutics

User menu

  • Register
  • Log in
  • My Cart

Search

  • Advanced search
Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention
Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention
  • Home
  • About
    • The Journal
    • AACR Journals
    • Subscriptions
    • Permissions and Reprints
    • Reviewing
  • Articles
    • OnlineFirst
    • Current Issue
    • Past Issues
    • CEBP Focus Archive
    • Meeting Abstracts
    • Progress and Priorities
    • Collections
      • COVID-19 & Cancer Resource Center
      • Disparities Collection
      • Editors' Picks
      • "Best of" Collection
  • For Authors
    • Information for Authors
    • Author Services
    • Best of: Author Profiles
    • Informing Public Health Policy
    • Submit
  • Alerts
    • Table of Contents
    • Editors' Picks
    • OnlineFirst
    • Citation
    • Author/Keyword
    • RSS Feeds
    • My Alert Summary & Preferences
  • News
    • Cancer Discovery News
  • COVID-19
  • Webinars
  • Search More

    Advanced Search

Research Articles

Plasma 25-Hydroxyvitamin D and 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D and Risk of Breast Cancer

Elizabeth R. Bertone-Johnson, Wendy Y. Chen, Michael F. Holick, Bruce W. Hollis, Graham A. Colditz, Walter C. Willett and Susan E. Hankinson
Elizabeth R. Bertone-Johnson
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
Wendy Y. Chen
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
Michael F. Holick
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
Bruce W. Hollis
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
Graham A. Colditz
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
Walter C. Willett
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
Susan E. Hankinson
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-04-0722 Published August 2005
  • Article
  • Figures & Data
  • Info & Metrics
  • PDF
Loading

Article Figures & Data

Tables

  • Table 1.

    Characteristics of breast cancer cases and their matched controls at blood collection (1989-1990) among women in the Nurses' Health Study

    CharacteristicCases (n = 701)Controls (n = 724)
    Mean (SD)
    Age (y)57.2 (7.0)57.1 (7.0)
    Age at menarche (y)12.4 (2.0)12.5 (1.5)
    BMI at age 18 (kg/m2)21.1 (2.7)21.4 (2.8)
    BMI at blood collection (kg/m2)25.5 (4.8)25.3 (4.6)
    Parity* (no. pregnancies >6 mo)3.2 (1.5)3.3 (1.6)
    Age at first birth* (y)24.7 (4.5)24.2 (4.8)
    Age at menopause† (y)48.1 (8.0)47.8 (8.0)
    Plasma 25(OH)D (ng/mL)31.5 (12.1)33.1 (12.7)
    Plasma 1,25(OH)2D (ng/mL)‡33.5 (6.9)33.2 (6.1)
    Percentage (%)
    Postmenopausal68.367.5
    Family history of breast cancer16.810.2
    History of benign breast disease35.425.7
    Ever smokers56.651.4
    ≥7 alcoholic drinks/wk14.713.3
    • ↵* Among parous women (n = 654 cases and 656 controls).

    • ↵† Among postmenopausal women (n = 554 cases and 567 controls).

    • ↵‡ Sufficient plasma for assay available for 634 cases and 640 controls.

  • Table 2.

    RRs and 95% CIs of breast cancer by quintile of plasma 25(OH)D and 1,25(OH)2D

    Cases/controlsAll cases and controls
    Excluding cases diagnosed 1990-1992
    Simple RR* (95% CI)Multivariable RR† (95% CI)Multivariable RR‡ (95% CI)
    25(OH)D
        Quintile
            1159/1381.001.001.00
            2149/1291.00 (0.71-1.39)0.95 (0.66-1.36)0.87 (0.56-1.36)
            3125/1410.75 (0.54-1.06)0.74 (0.51-1.06)0.66 (0.43-1.03)
            4144/1520.80 (0.58-1.11)0.77 (0.54-1.11)0.75 (0.48-1.16)
            5124/1410.73 (0.52-1.05)0.73 (0.49-1.07)0.65 (0.40-1.06)
            Ptrend§0.040.060.06
    1,25(OH)2D
        Quintile
            1138/1271.001.001.00
            2111/1210.79 (0.55-1.13)0.68 (0.46-1.02)0.65 (0.40-1.07)
            3117/1220.84 (0.59-1.20)0.73 (0.50-1.07)0.64 (0.40-1.03)
            4123/1220.87 (0.61-1.24)0.78 (0.53-1.14)0.70 (0.44-1.11)
            5129/1260.89 (0.63-1.26)0.76 (0.52-1.11)0.76 (0.47-1.21)
            Ptrend§0.910.390.28
    • NOTE: For 25(OH)D, quintile cut points for batch 1 were ≤20, 21 to 28, 29 to 33, 34 to 39, and ≥40 ng/mL; for batch 2, ≤28, 29 to 34, 35 to 39, 40 to 47, and ≥48 ng/mL; and for batch 3, ≤18, 19 to 24, 25 to 29, 30 to 36, and ≥37 ng/mL. For 1,25(OH)2D, quintile cut points were ≤28.5, 28.6 to 31.5, 31.6 to 34.3, 34.4 to 38.1, and ≥38.2 ng/mL.

    • ↵* Conditional logistic regression, adjusted for matching factors (age, fasting status at blood draw, month of blood collection, time of day of blood collection, menopausal status, and current use of postmenopausal hormones).

    • ↵† Conditional logistic regression, adjusted for matching factors, BMI at age 18 (<19, 19-20.9, 21-22.9, 23-24.9, ≥25 kg/m2), parity/age at first birth (nulliparous, 1-4 children/age at first birth <25 years, 1-4 children/age at first birth 25-29 years, 1-4 children/age at first birth ≥30 years, ≥5 children/age at first birth <25years, ≥5 children/age at first birth ≥25 years), family history of breast cancer (no family history, history in mother or sister), history of benign breast disease (no, yes), postmenopausal hormone use (continuous, in months), age at menarche (<12, 12, 13 or ≥14 years), age at menopause (<45, 45-49, 50-55, >55 years), alcohol intake (0, 1-2, 3-6, 7-13, ≥14 drinks per week), and plasma α-carotene (batch-specific quintiles).

    • ↵‡ For 25(OH)D, analyses includes 469 cases and their matched controls. For 1,25(OH)2D, analyses includes 443 cases and their matched controls. Adjusted for all factors in multivariable model above.

    • ↵§ Two-sided Ptrend over quintiles, calculated by using the median value of each quintile as a continuous variable in the multivariable model.

  • Table 3.

    RRs and 95% CIs for breast cancer by quintile of 25(OH)D and 1,25(OH)2D, stratified by participant's age at blood collection

    <60 y
    ≥60 y
    Case/controlsMultivariable RR* (95% CI)Cases/controlsMultivariable RR* (95% CI)
    25(OH)D
        Quintile
            197/941.0062/471.00
            284/860.96 (0.62-1.49)65/491.07 (0.60-1.92)
            377/870.80 (0.51-1.26)48/570.64 (0.35-1.16)
            490/1020.85 (0.55-1.32)54/550.68 (0.38-1.24)
            570/760.92 (0.57-1.48)54/710.57 (0.31-1.04)
            Ptrend†0.880.03
            Pinteraction0.20
    1,25(OH)2D
        Quintile
            187/811.0060/491.00
            258/710.76 (0.47-1.25)55/530.76 (0.42-1.38)
            370/870.72 (0.46-1.15)50/381.00 (0.53-1.88)
            489/781.17 (0.75-1.84)39/470.61 (0.32-1.15)
            579/790.88 (0.56-1.40)53/510.72 (0.40-1.32)
            Ptrend†0.910.23
            Pinteraction0.41
    • ↵* RR from unconditional logistic regression adjusted for age, fasting status at blood draw, month of blood collection, time of day of blood collection, BMI at age 18, parity/age at first birth, family history of breast cancer, benign breast disease, age at menarche, plasma α-carotene level, and intake of alcohol. See footnotes to Table 2 for variable categories. Results for postmenopausal women also adjusted for quartile of plasma estradiol (in nonusers of postmenopausal hormones), age at menopause, and total duration of postmenopausal hormone use.

    • ↵† Two-sided Ptrend over quintiles, calculated by using the median value of each quintile as a continuous variable in the multivariable model.

PreviousNext
Back to top
Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers & Prevention: 14 (8)
August 2005
Volume 14, Issue 8
  • Table of Contents

Sign up for alerts

View this article with LENS

Open full page PDF
Article Alerts
Sign In to Email Alerts with your Email Address
Email Article

Thank you for sharing this Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention article.

NOTE: We request your email address only to inform the recipient that it was you who recommended this article, and that it is not junk mail. We do not retain these email addresses.

Enter multiple addresses on separate lines or separate them with commas.
Plasma 25-Hydroxyvitamin D and 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D and Risk of Breast Cancer
(Your Name) has forwarded a page to you from Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention
(Your Name) thought you would be interested in this article in Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention.
CAPTCHA
This question is for testing whether or not you are a human visitor and to prevent automated spam submissions.
Citation Tools
Plasma 25-Hydroxyvitamin D and 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D and Risk of Breast Cancer
Elizabeth R. Bertone-Johnson, Wendy Y. Chen, Michael F. Holick, Bruce W. Hollis, Graham A. Colditz, Walter C. Willett and Susan E. Hankinson
Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev August 1 2005 (14) (8) 1991-1997; DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-04-0722

Citation Manager Formats

  • BibTeX
  • Bookends
  • EasyBib
  • EndNote (tagged)
  • EndNote 8 (xml)
  • Medlars
  • Mendeley
  • Papers
  • RefWorks Tagged
  • Ref Manager
  • RIS
  • Zotero
Share
Plasma 25-Hydroxyvitamin D and 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D and Risk of Breast Cancer
Elizabeth R. Bertone-Johnson, Wendy Y. Chen, Michael F. Holick, Bruce W. Hollis, Graham A. Colditz, Walter C. Willett and Susan E. Hankinson
Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev August 1 2005 (14) (8) 1991-1997; DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-04-0722
del.icio.us logo Digg logo Reddit logo Twitter logo CiteULike logo Facebook logo Google logo Mendeley logo
  • Tweet Widget
  • Facebook Like
  • Google Plus One

Jump to section

  • Article
    • Abstract
    • Introduction
    • Materials and Methods
    • Results
    • Discussion
    • Acknowledgments
    • Footnotes
    • References
  • Figures & Data
  • Info & Metrics
  • PDF
Advertisement

Related Articles

Cited By...

More in this TOC Section

  • Urinary Melatonin in Relation to Breast Cancer Risk
  • Endometrial Cancer and Ovarian Cancer Cross-Cancer GWAS
  • Risk Factors of Subsequent CNS Tumor after Pediatric Cancer
Show more Research Articles
  • Home
  • Alerts
  • Feedback
  • Privacy Policy
Facebook   Twitter   LinkedIn   YouTube   RSS

Articles

  • Online First
  • Current Issue
  • Past Issues

Info for

  • Authors
  • Subscribers
  • Advertisers
  • Librarians

About Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention

  • About the Journal
  • Editorial Board
  • Permissions
  • Submit a Manuscript
AACR logo

Copyright © 2021 by the American Association for Cancer Research.

Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention
eISSN: 1538-7755
ISSN: 1055-9965

Advertisement