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Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention
Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention
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Fatty Acid Composition of Red Blood Cell Membranes and Risk of Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Skin

Robin B. Harris, Janet A. Foote, Iman A. Hakim, Dan L. Bronson and David S. Alberts
Robin B. Harris
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Janet A. Foote
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Iman A. Hakim
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Dan L. Bronson
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David S. Alberts
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DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-04-0670 Published April 2005
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Abstract

Differential effects of fatty acids on carcinogenesis suggest that fatty acid composition is important in tumor development. Arachidonic acid and its metabolites elicit inflammation and promote tumor formation in mouse skin. Inhibitors of the arachidonic cascade inhibit tumor incidence. A population-based case control study in Southeastern Arizona tested the hypothesis that lower levels of arachidonic acid in RBC membranes were associated with decreased risk of skin squamous cell carcinoma (SCC; n = 335 SCC cases and 321 controls). Extracted and esterified RBC fatty acids were analyzed using capillary gas chromatography. Individual peaks for 14 fatty acids were measured as a percentage of total fatty acids. Logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios (OR), adjusting for SCC risk factors (age, gender, actinic keratosis history, freckling, and tanning ability). Increased levels of arachidonic acid in RBC membranes were associated with increased risk of SCC [odds ratio (OR), 1.08 per mg/100 mL change; 95% confidence interval (95% CI), 1.02-1.15] and this association remained when controls with actinic keratosis precursor lesions were excluded. SCC risk was highest among the upper quartile of arachidonic acid (OR, 2.38; 95% CI, 1.37-4.12). In contrast, increasing proportions of palmitic acid (OR, 0.94; 95% CI, 0.89-1.00) and palmitoleicacid (OR, 0.49; 95% CI, 0.30-0.81) were associated with reduced SCC risk. More studies are needed to elucidate the function of RBC fatty acids so that recommendations can be made to alter the human diet for cancer prevention.

  • Squamous cell carcinoma of the skin
  • arachidonic acid
  • fatty acids

Footnotes

  • Grant support: National Cancer Institute Public Health Service grant P01 CA27502.

  • The costs of publication of this article were defrayed in part by the payment of page charges. This article must therefore be hereby marked advertisement in accordance with 18 U.S.C. Section 1734 solely to indicate this fact.

  • Note: Its contents are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official views of the National Cancer Institute.

    • Accepted December 3, 2004.
    • Received September 10, 2004.
    • Revision received November 17, 2004.
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Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers & Prevention: 14 (4)
April 2005
Volume 14, Issue 4
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Fatty Acid Composition of Red Blood Cell Membranes and Risk of Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Skin
Robin B. Harris, Janet A. Foote, Iman A. Hakim, Dan L. Bronson and David S. Alberts
Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev April 1 2005 (14) (4) 906-912; DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-04-0670

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Fatty Acid Composition of Red Blood Cell Membranes and Risk of Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Skin
Robin B. Harris, Janet A. Foote, Iman A. Hakim, Dan L. Bronson and David S. Alberts
Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev April 1 2005 (14) (4) 906-912; DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-04-0670
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