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Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention
Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention
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Research Articles

Growth Factors and Stromal Matrix Proteins Associated with Mammographic Densities

Ya-Ping Guo, Lisa J. Martin, Wedad Hanna, Diponkar Banerjee, Naomi Miller, Eve Fishell, Rama Khokha and Norman F. Boyd
Ya-Ping Guo
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Lisa J. Martin
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Wedad Hanna
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Diponkar Banerjee
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Naomi Miller
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Eve Fishell
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Rama Khokha
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Norman F. Boyd
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DOI:  Published March 2001
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    Fig. 1.

    Image analysis. Top, negative control for IGF-I staining; middle, IGF-I staining; bottom, IGF-I-stained area outlined in red by thresholding. All of the images are shown at ×40 magnification.

  • Fig. 2.
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    Fig. 2.

    Measurement of the selection of fields. Illustration of the method used to select fields to be measured. Eighty fields in each section were randomly selected along the track starting from the top of the section. Every second or third field on the track was selected so that the entire section could be covered by these eighty fields.

Tables

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  • Table 1

    Selected characteristics of subjects

    Low density (n = 46)High density (n = 46)
    Median age48.549.0
     Interquartile range(45–55)(45–55)
    Radiological classification (No. of subjects)
     0% density70
     >0–<10% density240
     10–25% density140
     25–50% density01
     50–75% density07
     >75% density038
     Missing10
    Histological classification (No. of subjects)
     Normal101
     Stromal fibrosis45
     Nonproliferative, fibrocystic change2317
     Proliferative FCCa without atypia821
     Proliferative FCC with atypia01
     Not assessed/missing1 (fibroadenoma)1 (missing)
    • a FCC, fibrocystic change.

  • Table 2

    Comparison of molecular factors in tissue from breasts with low density and high density (n = 46 age matched pairs)

    Low densityaHigh densityaDifference (low-high)bPc
    Percentage of nuclear area (n = 46)0.27a (0.89)0.85 (0.91)−0.58 (1.40)0.007
    Percentage of total collagend (n = 41)2.21 (1.66)3.32 (1.56)−1.11 (2.27)0.003
    Percentage of IGF-1e (n = 45)−0.29 (1.82)0.48 (1.37)−0.77 (2.15)0.02
    Percentage of TGF-αe (n = 45)−1.36 (2.05)−1.49 (2.24)0.12 (2.87)0.77
    Percentage of TIMP-3 (n = 46)−0.99 (2.47)−0.12 (2.49)−0.86 (3.27)0.08
    • a Results expressed as mean (SD) of log-transformed values.

    • b Paired differences (low-high density log-transformed value) expressed as mean (SD).

    • c P for t-test for paired difference.

    • d Values missing because of sections unsuitable for staining (n = 2) and staining measurement problems (n = 2).

    • e Value missing because of sections unsuitable for staining (n = 1 for each measure).

  • Table 3

    Comparison of molecular factors in tissue from breasts with low and high breast density in women < and ≥ 50 years of age

    Low densityaHigh densityaDifference (low-high)bPc
    A. Women <50 years of age; n = 24 pairs; mean age = 44 years
    Percentage of nuclear area0.07a (0.84)1.23 (0.80)−1.17 (1.16)0.0001
    Percentage of total collagen (n = 22)1.76 (1.86)3.17 (1.83)−1.41 (2.64)0.02
    Percentage of IGF-1−0.42 (1.42)0.89 (1.05)−1.31 (1.69)0.0009
    Percentage of TGF-α−1.53 (1.81)−1.34 (2.49)−0.19 (2.95)0.75
    Percentage of TIMP-3−1.54 (2.21)0.52 (2.22)−2.06 (3.17)0.004
    B. Women ≥50 years of age; n = 22 age matched pairs; mean age = 57 years
    Percentage of nuclear area0.49 (0.91)0.42 (0.85)0.07 (1.36)0.82
    Percentage of total collagen (n = 19)2.80 (1.24)3.32 (0.96)−0.76 (1.77)0.08
    Percentage of IGF-1 (n = 21)−0.14 (2.22)0.02 (1.57)−0.16 (2.48)0.78
    Percentage of TGF-α (n = 21)−1.17 (2.32)−1.65 (1.95)0.49 (2.81)0.44
    Percentage of TIMP-3−0.38 (2.65)−0.83 (2.63)0.45 (2.90)0.48
    • a Results expressed as mean (SD) of log-transformed values.

    • b Paired difference (low-high density log-transformed value) expressed as mean (SD).

    • c P for t test for paired difference.

  • Table 4

    Comparison of molecular factors in tissue from biopsies taken from fatty and dense sites (unpaired)

    Fatty tissue at biopsy siteDense tissue at biopsy sitePa
    Percentage of nuclear area1.01 (0.54–2.33)b2.52 (1.06–5.00)0.0004
    0.17 c 0.87
    n = 40n = 51
    Percentage of total collagen11.69 (3.49–33.48)35.54 (10.98–62.70)0.002
    2.14 3.02
    n = 35n = 48
    Percentage of IGF-11.13 (0.21–2.64)1.94 (0.75–4.06)0.05
    −0.32 0.44
    n = 40n = 50
    Percentage of TGF-α0.30 (0.06–0.81)0.42 (0.11–1.32)0.30
    −1.70 −1.21
    n = 39n = 51
    Percentage of TIMP-30.45 (0.05–3.63)0.54 (0.06–5.93)0.45
    −0.81 −0.39
    n = 40n = 51
    • a P for two sample Wilcoxon tests comparing median values.

    • b Median (interquartile range) of untransformed values.

    • c Mean of log-transformed data in italics to allow comparison with Tables 2<$REFLINK> and 3<$REFLINK> .

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March 2001
Volume 10, Issue 3
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Growth Factors and Stromal Matrix Proteins Associated with Mammographic Densities
Ya-Ping Guo, Lisa J. Martin, Wedad Hanna, Diponkar Banerjee, Naomi Miller, Eve Fishell, Rama Khokha and Norman F. Boyd
Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev March 1 2001 (10) (3) 243-248;

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Growth Factors and Stromal Matrix Proteins Associated with Mammographic Densities
Ya-Ping Guo, Lisa J. Martin, Wedad Hanna, Diponkar Banerjee, Naomi Miller, Eve Fishell, Rama Khokha and Norman F. Boyd
Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev March 1 2001 (10) (3) 243-248;
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