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Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention
Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention

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A Nationwide, Population-Based Epidemiologic Study of Childhood Brain Tumors in Korea, 2005–2014: A Comparison with United States Data

Ji-Man Kang, Johyun Ha, Eun Kyung Hong, Hee Young Ju, Byung Kiu Park, Sang-Hoon Shin, Young-Joo Won, Kyu-Won Jung and Hyeon Jin Park
Ji-Man Kang
Center for Pediatric Cancer, National Cancer Center, Goyang, South Korea.
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Johyun Ha
Cancer Registration and Statistics Branch, National Cancer Center, Goyang, South Korea.
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Eun Kyung Hong
Department of Pathology, National Cancer Center, Goyang, South Korea.Center for Liver Cancer, National Cancer Center, Goyang, South Korea.
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Hee Young Ju
Center for Pediatric Cancer, National Cancer Center, Goyang, South Korea.
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Byung Kiu Park
Center for Pediatric Cancer, National Cancer Center, Goyang, South Korea.
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Sang-Hoon Shin
Neuro-Oncology Clinic, National Cancer Center, Goyang, South Korea.
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Young-Joo Won
Cancer Registration and Statistics Branch, National Cancer Center, Goyang, South Korea.
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Kyu-Won Jung
Cancer Registration and Statistics Branch, National Cancer Center, Goyang, South Korea.
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  • For correspondence: hjpark@ncc.re.krara@ncc.re.kr
Hyeon Jin Park
Center for Pediatric Cancer, National Cancer Center, Goyang, South Korea.
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  • For correspondence: hjpark@ncc.re.krara@ncc.re.kr
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-18-0634 Published February 2019
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Abstract

Background: We investigated the epidemiologic characteristics of childhood brain tumors (CBT) in Korea, and compared our findings with those from the United States.

Methods: We searched the Korea National Cancer Incidence Database of the Korea Central Cancer Registry (KCCR) from 2005 to 2014, which included all Korean patients with CBT aged 0 to 19 years at diagnosis. The age-standardized incidence rates (ASR) and the 5-year relative survival rate (RSR) were determined. The Central Brain Tumor Registry of the United States (CBTRUS) classification and definitions were applied to allow direct comparison with U.S. data.

Results: A total of 6,027 CBTs were identified. The ASR of all CBTs was 5.08 per 100,000 population, which was significantly lower than that in the United States (5.57). However, the ASR of nonmalignant CBTs in Korea (2.48) was significantly higher than that in the United States (2.15). Embryonal tumors (ASR: 0.99 and 0.72 in the 0–4 and 5–9 year age groups, respectively) were the most common CBTs in these respective age groups. Germ cell tumors (0.78) and pituitary tumors (1.63) were the most common CBTs in the 10–14 and 15–19 year age groups, respectively. The 5-year RSR of CBTs was 84% and varied according to histology.

Conclusions: High incidences of nonmalignant and germ cell tumors are distinct CBT features in Korean children and adolescents.

Impact: To our knowledge, this is the first and largest population-based epidemiologic study of CBTs in Asia. Our findings support the notion that East Asian populations have a higher incidence of central nervous system germ cell tumors than other races.

Footnotes

  • Note: Supplementary data for this article are available at Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention Online (http://cebp.aacrjournals.org/).

  • Received June 6, 2018.
  • Revision received August 29, 2018.
  • Accepted October 16, 2018.
  • Published first October 22, 2018.
  • ©2018 American Association for Cancer Research.
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Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers & Prevention: 28 (2)
February 2019
Volume 28, Issue 2
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A Nationwide, Population-Based Epidemiologic Study of Childhood Brain Tumors in Korea, 2005–2014: A Comparison with United States Data
Ji-Man Kang, Johyun Ha, Eun Kyung Hong, Hee Young Ju, Byung Kiu Park, Sang-Hoon Shin, Young-Joo Won, Kyu-Won Jung and Hyeon Jin Park
Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev February 1 2019 (28) (2) 409-416; DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-18-0634

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A Nationwide, Population-Based Epidemiologic Study of Childhood Brain Tumors in Korea, 2005–2014: A Comparison with United States Data
Ji-Man Kang, Johyun Ha, Eun Kyung Hong, Hee Young Ju, Byung Kiu Park, Sang-Hoon Shin, Young-Joo Won, Kyu-Won Jung and Hyeon Jin Park
Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev February 1 2019 (28) (2) 409-416; DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-18-0634
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