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Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention
Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention

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An Examination of HPV16 Natural Immunity in Men Who Have Sex with Men (MSM) in the HPV in Men (HIM) Study

Daniel C. Beachler, Ligia A. Pinto, Troy J. Kemp, Alan G. Nyitray, Allan Hildesheim, Raphael Viscidi, John Schussler, Aimée R. Kreimer and Anna R. Giuliano
Daniel C. Beachler
Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Infections and Immunoepidemiology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland.Safety and Epidemiology Research, HealthCore Inc., Wilmington, Delaware.
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  • For correspondence: dbeachler@healthcore.com
Ligia A. Pinto
HPV Immunology Laboratory, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, Maryland.
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Troy J. Kemp
HPV Immunology Laboratory, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, Maryland.
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Alan G. Nyitray
Division of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Science, University of Texas School of Public Health, Houston, Texas.
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Allan Hildesheim
Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Infections and Immunoepidemiology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland.
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Raphael Viscidi
Department of Pediatrics and Neurovirology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.
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John Schussler
Information Management Systems, Rockville, Maryland.
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Aimée R. Kreimer
Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Infections and Immunoepidemiology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland.
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Anna R. Giuliano
Center for Infection Research in Cancer, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida.
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DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-17-0853 Published April 2018
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Abstract

Background: Evidence suggests that natural antibodies developed after HPV16 infection may protect some women but not men against subsequent HPV16 reacquisition. Less is known whether antibodies developed following HPV16 infection are protective among men who have sex with men (MSM).

Methods: Four hundred seventy-five MSM from the Human Papillomavirus Infection in Men (HIM) study were tested for serum antibodies to HPV16 L1 using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays, and for anal and genital HPV16 DNA using PCR consensus primer system (PGMY 09/11). Adjusted Cox regression was used to evaluate whether baseline HPV16 seropositivity impacts subsequent genital or anal HPV16 DNA.

Results: The risk of subsequent genital HPV16 [aHR = 1.05, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.66–1.68] and anal HPV16 infections among MSM (aHR = 2.34, 95% CI = 0.92–5.98) was similar or nonsignificantly higher in HPV16-seropositive than HPV16-seronegative MSM. The risk of genital HPV16 was also similar between HPV16-seronegative and HPV16-seropositive MSM in the highest tertile of HPV16 antibody levels and when restricting to those with new sex partners during follow-up (P > 0.20). Among the 118 MSM who were HPV16 seropositive, 90% remained HPV16 seropositive up to 4 years later. When tested together, MSM with the highest antibody titers (top tertile) had similar levels to females (mean = 130.3 vs. 134.5 EU/mL, P = 0.84).

Conclusions: Despite years of HPV16 seropositivity persistence and antibody titers comparable with females, this study suggested no evidence of HPV16 natural antibodies protecting against subsequent genital or anal HPV16 infection in MSM.

Impact: This could help partially explain the high incidence of genital and anal HPV16 infection and related anal cancer seen in middle-aged and older MSM. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 27(4); 496–502. ©2018 AACR.

Footnotes

  • Note: Supplementary data for this article are available at Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention Online (http://cebp.aacrjournals.org/).

  • Received September 19, 2017.
  • Revision received November 11, 2017.
  • Accepted February 2, 2018.
  • Published first February 23, 2018.
  • ©2018 American Association for Cancer Research.
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Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers & Prevention: 27 (4)
April 2018
Volume 27, Issue 4
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An Examination of HPV16 Natural Immunity in Men Who Have Sex with Men (MSM) in the HPV in Men (HIM) Study
Daniel C. Beachler, Ligia A. Pinto, Troy J. Kemp, Alan G. Nyitray, Allan Hildesheim, Raphael Viscidi, John Schussler, Aimée R. Kreimer and Anna R. Giuliano
Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev April 1 2018 (27) (4) 496-502; DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-17-0853

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An Examination of HPV16 Natural Immunity in Men Who Have Sex with Men (MSM) in the HPV in Men (HIM) Study
Daniel C. Beachler, Ligia A. Pinto, Troy J. Kemp, Alan G. Nyitray, Allan Hildesheim, Raphael Viscidi, John Schussler, Aimée R. Kreimer and Anna R. Giuliano
Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev April 1 2018 (27) (4) 496-502; DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-17-0853
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