Skip to main content
  • AACR Publications
    • Cancer Discovery
    • Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention
    • Cancer Immunology Research
    • Cancer Prevention Research
    • Cancer Research
    • Clinical Cancer Research
    • Molecular Cancer Research
    • Molecular Cancer Therapeutics

  • Register
  • Log in
Advertisement

Main menu

  • Home
  • About
    • The Journal
    • AACR Journals
    • Subscriptions
    • Permissions and Reprints
    • Reviewing
  • Articles
    • OnlineFirst
    • Current Issue
    • Past Issues
    • CEBP Focus Archive
    • Meeting Abstracts
  • For Authors
    • Call for Papers
    • Information for Authors
    • Author Services
    • Best of: Author Profiles
    • Submit
  • Alerts
    • Table of Contents
    • OnlineFirst
    • Editors' Picks
    • Citation
    • Author/Keyword
  • News
    • Cancer Discovery News
  • AACR Publications
    • Cancer Discovery
    • Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention
    • Cancer Immunology Research
    • Cancer Prevention Research
    • Cancer Research
    • Clinical Cancer Research
    • Molecular Cancer Research
    • Molecular Cancer Therapeutics

User menu

  • Register
  • Log in

Search

  • Advanced search
Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention
Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention

Advanced Search

  • Home
  • About
    • The Journal
    • AACR Journals
    • Subscriptions
    • Permissions and Reprints
    • Reviewing
  • Articles
    • OnlineFirst
    • Current Issue
    • Past Issues
    • CEBP Focus Archive
    • Meeting Abstracts
  • For Authors
    • Call for Papers
    • Information for Authors
    • Author Services
    • Best of: Author Profiles
    • Submit
  • Alerts
    • Table of Contents
    • OnlineFirst
    • Editors' Picks
    • Citation
    • Author/Keyword
  • News
    • Cancer Discovery News
Research Articles

Serum Cotinine Level as Predictor of Lung Cancer Risk

Paolo Boffetta, Sarah Clark, Min Shen, Randi Gislefoss, Richard Peto and Aage Andersen
Paolo Boffetta
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
Sarah Clark
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
Min Shen
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
Randi Gislefoss
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
Richard Peto
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
Aage Andersen
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-06-0032 Published June 2006
  • Article
  • Figures & Data
  • Info & Metrics
  • PDF
Loading

Article Figures & Data

Figures

  • Tables
  • Figure 1.
    • Download figure
    • Open in new tab
    • Download powerpoint
    Figure 1.

    OR of lung cancer risk for serum cotinine level.

Tables

  • Figures
  • Table 1.

    Distribution of cases and controls by sex, age at first sample, year of first sample, duration of follow-up, attained age, and smoking status

    Cases (N = 1,741), n (%)Controls (N = 1741), n (%)
    Sex*
        Men1,322 (75.9)1,322
        Women419 (24.1)419
    Age at first sample (y)*
        <45980 (56.3)1,019 (58.5)
        45-54617 (35.4)599 (34.4)
        55-6444 (2.6)22 (1.3)
        ≥65100 (5.7)101 (5.8)
    Year of first sample*
        1970-1975779 (44.8)835 (48.0)
        1976-1980292 (16.8)319 (18.3)
        1981-198595 (5.5)69 (4.0)
        1986-1990535 (30.7)476 (27.3)
        1991-199540 (2.2)42 (2.4)
    Duration of follow-up (y)*
        1-5191 (11.0)185 (10.6)
        5-9391 (22.5)356 (20.4)
        10-14376 (21.6)351 (20.2)
        15-19317 (18.2)342 (19.6)
        20-24358 (20.6)393 (22.6)
        25-29108 (6.2)114 (6.6)
    Attained age (y)†
        <4564 (3.7)64 (3.7)
        45-54551 (31.6)564 (32.4)
        55-64557 (32.0)550 (31.6)
        ≥65569 (32.7)563 (32.3)
    Smoking status
        Never smoker53 (3.0)445 (25.6)
        Ex smoker128 (7.4)411 (23.6)
        Current smoker1,393 (80.0)727 (41.8)
        Ever smoker‡96 (5.5)67 (3.8)
        Missing71 (4.1)91 (5.2)
    • ↵* The distributions of cases and controls are similar as result of individual matching.

    • ↵† Pdifference between cases and controls (χ2 square test) < 0.0001.

    • ↵‡ Current or ex smoker (only information on ever/never smoking status was available in a subset of study subjects).

  • Table 2.

    Mean serum cotinine level (ng/mL) in cases and controls by sex, attained age, duration of follow-up, and smoking status

    CasesControlsF*P > F
    Sex
        Men293.9134.8762.8<0.0001
        Women262.897.2275.7<0.0001
    Attained age (y)
        ≤60296.5121.4589.1<0.0001
        >60275.9130.3430.8<0.0001
    Duration of follow-up (y)
        <10274.1112.1320.8<0.0001
        ≥10292.6131.9704.6<0.0001
    Smoking status
        Never smoker10.711.50.640.43
        Ex smoker95.722.111.20.003
        Current smoker311.4247.884.0<0.0001
        Ever smoker338.0264.66.20.04
        Missing276.875.667.1<0.0001
    • ↵* Unbalanced ANOVA.

  • Table 3.

    ORs of lung cancer for serum cotinine level

    Serum cotinine level (ng/mL)*N casesN controlsOR (95% CI)
    0.1-5.0 (reference)1357551.00
    5.1-24.7211240.93 (0.46-1.90)
    24.8-114.7511232.80 (1.55-5.05)
    114.8-180.21181237.67 (4.75-12.4)
    180.3-223.815712313.8 (8.70-22.0)
    223.9-271.923512424.9 (15.9-39.0)
    272.0-317.727412330.4 (19.5-47.3)
    317.8-378.830812333.1 (21.3-51.4)
    >378.844212355.1 (35.7-85.0)
    • NOTE: OR is based on conditional logistic regression analysis, adjusting for sex, year of birth, time of enrollment, and geographical region.

    • ↵* Categories are based on serum cotinine level only, not on self-reported smoking status.

  • Table 4.

    OR of lung cancer for serum cotinine level stratified by sex and attained age

    Serum cotinine level* (ng/mL)N casesN controlsOR (95% CI)N casesN controlsOR (95% CI)
    SexWomenMen
    0.1-5.0 (reference)472071.00885481.00
    5.1-114.725751.54 (0.65-3.69)471721.83 (1.02-3.30)
    114.8-223.8724811.9 (5.56-25.3)20319810.5 (6.59-16.6)
    223.9-317.71244823.1 (11.0-48.3)38519927.8 (17.7-43.8)
    >317.71514147.2 (21.3-105)59920542.1 (27.1-65.3)
    Attained age≤60 y>60 y
    0.1-5.0 (reference)593881.00693451.00
    5.1-114.7301161.60 (0.73-3.51)391031.96 (1.01-3.78)
    114.8-223.811811013.1 (7.17-24.1)15012310.1 (5.85-17.3)
    223.9-317.724812129.9 (16.7-53.5)23811525.3 (14.6-43.9)
    >317.739310360.0 (33.6-107)31811833.7 (19.6-57.9)
    • NOTE: OR is based on conditional logistic regression analysis, adjusting for year of birth, time of enrollment, geographical region, and in the analysis of attained age and sex.

    • ↵* Categories are based on serum cotinine level only, not on self-reported smoking status.

  • Table 5.

    Results of conditional logistic regression analysis of serum cotinine level among never smokers

    N casesN controlsOR (95% CI)
    Overall (ng/mL)
        <1.1 (reference)231161.00
        1.1-2.3331131.57 (0.79-3.13)
        2.4-9.9231211.06 (0.52-2.14)
    Men (ng/mL)
        <1.1 (reference)10671.00
        1.1-2.320871.58 (0.61-4.12)
        2.4-9.917891.25 (0.51-3.09)
    Women (ng/mL)
        <1.1 (reference)13491.00
        1.1-2.313261.61 (0.59-4.36)
        2.4-9.96320.74 (0.22-2.43)
    Age < 55 (ng/mL)
        <1.1 (reference)7371.00
        1.1-2.311272.80 (0.79-9.85)
        2.4-9.98351.64 (0.47-5.72)
    Age ≥ 55 (ng/mL)
        <1.1 (reference)16791.00
        1.1-2.322861.20 (0.53-2.74)
        2.4-9.915860.86 (0.37-2.03)
    • NOTE: Self-reported never smokers and long-term quitters with serum cotinine level below 10 ng/mL were included in the analysis (79 cases and 350 controls).

PreviousNext
Back to top
Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers & Prevention: 15 (6)
June 2006
Volume 15, Issue 6
  • Table of Contents
  • Table of Contents (PDF)
  • Index by Author

Sign up for alerts

View this article with LENS

Open full page PDF
Article Alerts
Sign In to Email Alerts with your Email Address
Email Article

Thank you for sharing this Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention article.

NOTE: We request your email address only to inform the recipient that it was you who recommended this article, and that it is not junk mail. We do not retain these email addresses.

Enter multiple addresses on separate lines or separate them with commas.
Serum Cotinine Level as Predictor of Lung Cancer Risk
(Your Name) has forwarded a page to you from Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention
(Your Name) thought you would be interested in this article in Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention.
Citation Tools
Serum Cotinine Level as Predictor of Lung Cancer Risk
Paolo Boffetta, Sarah Clark, Min Shen, Randi Gislefoss, Richard Peto and Aage Andersen
Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev June 1 2006 (15) (6) 1184-1188; DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-06-0032

Citation Manager Formats

  • BibTeX
  • Bookends
  • EasyBib
  • EndNote (tagged)
  • EndNote 8 (xml)
  • Medlars
  • Mendeley
  • Papers
  • RefWorks Tagged
  • Ref Manager
  • RIS
  • Zotero
Share
Serum Cotinine Level as Predictor of Lung Cancer Risk
Paolo Boffetta, Sarah Clark, Min Shen, Randi Gislefoss, Richard Peto and Aage Andersen
Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev June 1 2006 (15) (6) 1184-1188; DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-06-0032
del.icio.us logo Digg logo Reddit logo Twitter logo CiteULike logo Facebook logo Google logo Mendeley logo
  • Tweet Widget
  • Facebook Like
  • Google Plus One

Jump to section

  • Article
    • Abstract
    • Introduction
    • Materials and Methods
    • Results
    • Discussion
    • Footnotes
    • References
  • Figures & Data
  • Info & Metrics
  • PDF
Advertisement

Related Articles

Cited By...

More in this TOC Section

  • Screening Mammography, False Positive Results
  • A Potential miRNA Signature for RCC
  • ω-3 Polyunsaturated Fat and Survival After Colon Cancer
Show more Research Articles
  • Home
  • Alerts
  • Feedback
Facebook   Twitter   LinkedIn   YouTube   RSS

Articles

  • Online First
  • Current Issue
  • Past Issues

Info for

  • Authors
  • Subscribers
  • Advertisers
  • Librarians
  • Reviewers

About Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention

  • About the Journal
  • Editorial Board
  • Permissions
  • Submit a Manuscript
AACR logo

Copyright © 2018 by the American Association for Cancer Research.

Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention
eISSN: 1538-7755
ISSN: 1055-9965

Advertisement