Demographic and Psychosocial Factors Associated with Perceived Risk for Colorectal Cancer
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Jane Wardle, Cancer Research UK Health Behaviour Unit, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, Gower Street, London WCIE 6BT, United Kingdom. Phone: 44-20-7679-6642; Fax: 44-20-7813-2848. E-mail: j.wardle{at}ucl.ac.uk
Abstract
Objective: The objective of this study was to investigate demographic and psychosocial predictors of perceptions of risk for colorectal cancer (CRC) in a population-based sample. Method: The study was a cross-sectional survey of 18,447 men and women aged 55–64 years. A mailed questionnaire assessed perceived comparative risk for CRC along with demographic characteristics (age, gender, ethnicity, marital status, and socioeconomic status), health-related factors (family history, subjective health and bowel symptoms, and health behaviors), and emotional state (anxiety). Results: Being male and older were associated with lower perceived risk. Having a family history of CRC, poorer subjective health, more symptoms, and higher levels of anxiety were all associated with increased perceived risk of CRC. Smokers and nonexercisers perceived their risk as higher. Conclusion: Misperceptions surrounding the effects of age and gender on CRC risk, as well as the genetic link and pathogenesis of CRC, need to be addressed in risk communications.
Footnotes
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Grant support: Supported by the Medical Research Council and Cancer Research UK.
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The costs of publication of this article were defrayed in part by the payment of page charges. This article must therefore be hereby marked advertisement in accordance with 18 U.S.C. Section 1734 solely to indicate this fact.
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- Accepted December 26, 2003.
- Received September 19, 2003.
- Revision received November 6, 2003.
