Prolonged Prevention of Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Skin by Regular Sunscreen Use

^{1 1}Longitudinal Studies Unit, School of Population Health, University of Queensland and ²Cancer and Population Studies Unit, Queensland Institute of Medical Research, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia

^* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: adele.green{at}qimr.edu.au.

	Abstract

Half of all cancers in the United States are skin cancers. We have previously shown in a 4.5-year randomized controlled trial in an Australian community that squamous cell carcinomas (SCC) but not basal cell carcinomas (BCC) can be prevented by regular sunscreen application to the head, neck, hands, and forearms. Since cessation of the trial, we have followed participants for a further 8 years to evaluate possible latency of preventive effect on BCCs and SCCs. After prolonged follow-up, BCC tumor rates tended to decrease but not significantly in people formerly randomized to daily sunscreen use compared with those not applying sunscreen daily. By contrast, corresponding SCC tumor rates were significantly decreased by almost 40% during the entire follow-up period (rate ratio, 0.62; 95% confidence interval, 0.38-0.99). Regular application of sunscreen has prolonged preventive effects on SCC but with no clear benefit in reducing BCC. (Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2006;15(12):2546-8)

Key Words: cancer prevention, community based randomised trial, Melanoma/skin cancers, Behavioral Prevention Research

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