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Relationship of Ki-ras Mutations in Colon Cancers to Tumor Location, Stage, and Survival: A Population-based Study¹

Departments of Pathology [W. S. S.] and Family and Preventive Medicine [K. C., M. L. S.], Division of Research [D. S.], Kaiser Permanente Medical Care Program, Oakland, California, and Sequencing Core Facility [M. R.], Department of Human Genetics [M. L.], University of Utah Health Sciences Center, Salt Lake City, Utah 84132

Some previous studies have demonstrated significant results between Ki-ras mutations and tumor stage, survival, and/or other clinical variables, whereas others have not. We therefore evaluated the significance of codons 12 and 13 Ki-ras mutations in a large population-based study of 1413 individuals with colon cancer. Ki-ras mutations were identified in 32% of tumors. Codon 12 mutations were significantly more common in proximal than distal tumors (29.1% versus 20.5%; P < 0.01) and in tumors of advanced stage. Tumors from men were more likely to have transition mutations and codon 12 GA mutations. After adjusting for age and stage, the codon 13 GA mutation was associated with a 40% (95% confidence interval, 0.95–2.0) increase in short-term mortality from colon cancer. In conclusion, this population-based study demonstrates important relationships between Ki-ras mutations and stage, survival, tumor location, and gender.

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