This Article Full Text Full Text (PDF) Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Services Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal Download to citation manager Citing Articles Citing Articles via HighWire Citing Articles via Google Scholar Google Scholar Articles by Coogan, P. F. Articles by Shapiro, S. Search for Related Content PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by Coogan, P. F. Articles by Shapiro, S.

Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs and Risk of Digestive Cancers at Sites Other Than the Large Bowel¹

Slone Epidemiology Unit, Boston University School of Medicine, Brookline, Massachusetts 02446 [P. F. C., L. R., J. R. P., S. S.]; Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, and Division of General Internal Medicine of the Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania [B.L.S.]; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York [A. G. Z.]; and Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland [P. D. S.]

Regular continuing nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) use has been associated with a reduction in risk of large bowel cancer in many studies, including our Case-Control Surveillance Study of medication use and cancer risk. We assessed the relation of NSAID use to the risk of digestive cancers at sites other than the large bowel in this database. Nurse-interviewers administered questionnaires to patients admitted to hospitals in four centers from 1977 to 1998. Cases comprised 1149 patients with cancers of the pancreas (n = 504), stomach (n = 254), esophagus (n = 215), gallbladder (n = 125), or liver (n = 51). Controls were 5952 patients admitted for trauma or acute infection. History of NSAID use was elicited by questions about indications for use. Multiple logistic regression models were used to calculate odds ratios (ORs) for categories of regular NSAID use (at least 4 days/week for at least 3 months) relative to never use. The OR for regular use initiated at least 1 year before admission and continuing into that year was reduced for stomach cancer (OR = 0.3; 95% confidence interval, 0.1–0.6) and was compatible with 1.0 for other sites. The ORs for regular continuing use of at least 5 years duration were <1.0 for cancers of the stomach, pancreas, esophagus, and gallbladder but were statistically significant only for stomach cancer. These data suggest that regular continuing NSAID use may be associated with reduced risk of stomach cancer. For the other sites, the data are consistent with no effect of NSAID use.

This article has been cited by other articles:

				S. Sadeghi, C. J. Bain, N. Pandeya, P. M. Webb, A. C. Green, D. C. Whiteman, and for the Australian Cancer Study Aspirin, Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs, and the Risks of Cancers of the Esophagus Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev., May 1, 2008; 17(5): 1169 - 1178. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				L. Duan, A. H. Wu, J. Sullivan-Halley, and L. Bernstein Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs and Risk of Esophageal and Gastric Adenocarcinomas in Los Angeles County Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev., January 1, 2008; 17(1): 126 - 134. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				S. C. Larsson, E. Giovannucci, L. Bergkvist, and A. Wolk Aspirin and Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drug Use and Risk of Pancreatic Cancer: A Meta-analysis Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev., December 1, 2006; 15(12): 2561 - 2564. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				L. C. Sakoda, Y.-T. Gao, B. E. Chen, J. Chen, P. S. Rosenberg, A. Rashid, J. Deng, M.-C. Shen, B.-S. Wang, T.-Q. Han, et al. Prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 (PTGS2) gene polymorphisms and risk of biliary tract cancer and gallstones: a population-based study in Shanghai, China Carcinogenesis, June 1, 2006; 27(6): 1251 - 1256. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				L. A. Anderson, B. T. Johnston, R.G. P. Watson, S. J. Murphy, H. R. Ferguson, H. Comber, J. McGuigan, J. V. Reynolds, and L. J. Murray Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs and the Esophageal Inflammation-Metaplasia-Adenocarcinoma Sequence. Cancer Res., May 1, 2006; 66(9): 4975 - 4982. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				N. Ouyang, J. L. Williams, G. J. Tsioulias, J. Gao, M. J. Iatropoulos, L. Kopelovich, K. Kashfi, and B. Rigas Nitric oxide-donating aspirin prevents pancreatic cancer in a hamster tumor model. Cancer Res., April 15, 2006; 66(8): 4503 - 4511. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				E. Liu, L. C. Sakoda, Y.-T. Gao, A. Rashid, M.-C. Shen, B.-S. Wang, J. Deng, T.-Q. Han, B.-H. Zhang, J. F. Fraumeni Jr., et al. Aspirin Use and Risk of Biliary Tract Cancer: A Population-Based Study in Shanghai, China Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev., May 1, 2005; 14(5): 1315 - 1318. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				M. Lindblad, J. Lagergren, and L. A. Garcia Rodriguez Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs and Risk of Esophageal and Gastric Cancer Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev., February 1, 2005; 14(2): 444 - 450. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				T. J. Jang, H. J. Kang, J. R. Kim, and C. H. Yang Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug activated gene (NAG-1) expression is closely related to death receptor-4 and -5 induction, which may explain sulindac sulfide induced gastric cancer cell apoptosis Carcinogenesis, October 1, 2004; 25(10): 1853 - 1858. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				N. R. Sivak-Sears, J. A. Schwartzbaum, R. Miike, M. Moghadassi, and M. Wrensch Case-Control Study of Use of Nonsteroidal Antiinflammatory Drugs and Glioblastoma Multiforme Am. J. Epidemiol., June 15, 2004; 159(12): 1131 - 1139. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				E. J. Jacobs, C. J. Connell, C. Rodriguez, A. V. Patel, E. E. Calle, and M. J. Thun Aspirin Use and Pancreatic Cancer Mortality in a Large United States Cohort J Natl Cancer Inst, April 7, 2004; 96(7): 524 - 528. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J. A. Baron What Now for Aspirin and Cancer Prevention? J Natl Cancer Inst, January 7, 2004; 96(1): 4 - 5. [Full Text] [PDF]

				E. S. Schernhammer, J.-H. Kang, A. T. Chan, D. S. Michaud, H. G. Skinner, E. Giovannucci, G. A. Colditz, and C. S. Fuchs A Prospective Study of Aspirin Use and the Risk of Pancreatic Cancer in Women J Natl Cancer Inst, January 7, 2004; 96(1): 22 - 28. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				W. H. Wang, J. Q. Huang, G. F. Zheng, S. K. Lam, J. Karlberg, and B. C.-Y. Wong Non-steroidal Anti-inflammatory Drug Use and the Risk of Gastric Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis J Natl Cancer Inst, December 3, 2003; 95(23): 1784 - 1791. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				K. E. Anderson, T. W. Johnson, D. Lazovich, and A. R. Folsom Association Between Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drug Use and the Incidence of Pancreatic Cancer J Natl Cancer Inst, August 7, 2002; 94(15): 1168 - 1171. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				T. L. Vaughan, A. R. Kristal, P. L. Blount, D. S. Levine, P. C. Galipeau, L. J. Prevo, C. A. Sanchez, P. S. Rabinovitch, and B. J. Reid Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drug Use, Body Mass Index, and Anthropometry in Relation to Genetic and Flow Cytometric Abnormalities in Barrett's Esophagus Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev., August 1, 2002; 11(8): 745 - 752. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				X. M. Zhou, B. C. Y. Wong, X. M. Fan, H. B. Zhang, M. C. M. Lin, H. F. Kung, D. M. Fan, and S. K. Lam Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs induce apoptosis in gastric cancer cells through up-regulation of bax and bak Carcinogenesis, September 1, 2001; 22(9): 1393 - 1397. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				K. Saukkonen, O. Nieminen, B. van Rees, S. Vilkki, M. Harkonen, M. Juhola, J.-P. Mecklin, P. Sipponen, and A. Ristimaki Expression of Cyclooxygenase-2 in Dysplasia of the Stomach and in Intestinal-type Gastric Adenocarcinoma Clin. Cancer Res., July 1, 2001; 7(7): 1923 - 1931. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]