Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers & Prevention, Vol 7, Issue 9 735-748, Copyright © 1998 by American Association for Cancer Research

LECTURES

The past, present, and future of the prevention of lung cancer

EL Wynder
American Health Foundation, New York, New York 10017, USA.

The article relates details of the history of research into the causal association of cigarette smoking and lung cancer on the basis of multidisciplinary studies that have explored the epidemiology, biology, chemistry, and biochemistry of tobacco carcinogenesis and research in behavioral sciences and health education that has sought to address one of our nation's foremost public health problems. Recalling past and present challenges and achievements in all of these areas, the author then outlines his vision for addressing this health problem in the future. This is laid out for various segments of the research community and for society as a whole, i.e., Cancer Centers and hospitals, epidemiologists, laboratory scientists, legislators, educators and behavioral scientists, and the media. It is proposed that for the current policy initiatives in tobacco-related cancer control to succeed, there needs to be a focus on preventing the initiation of tobacco use among children and adolescents. All segments of society can help to achieve this goal. In the nation's research planning, there needs to be a proper balance between basic and applied research, including research on and application of preventive principles, because cancer need not be an inevitable consequence of aging but is largely preventable.

This article has been cited by other articles:

				M. L. Neuhouser, R. E. Patterson, M. D. Thornquist, G. S. Omenn, I. B. King, and G. E. Goodman Fruits and Vegetables Are Associated with Lower Lung Cancer Risk Only in the Placebo Arm of the {beta}-Carotene and Retinol Efficacy Trial (CARET) Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev., April 1, 2003; 12(4): 350 - 358. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				L. P. Stabile, A. L. G. Davis, C. T. Gubish, T. M. Hopkins, J. D. Luketich, N. Christie, S. Finkelstein, and J. M. Siegfried Human Non-Small Cell Lung Tumors and Cells Derived from Normal Lung Express Both Estrogen Receptor {alpha} and {beta} and Show Biological Responses to Estrogen Cancer Res., April 1, 2002; 62(7): 2141 - 2150. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				C. R.E. Coggins Review Article: A Review of Chronic Inhalation Studies with Mainstream Cigarette Smoke, in Hamsters, Dogs, and Nonhuman Primates Toxicol Pathol, August 1, 2001; 29(5): 550 - 557. [Abstract] [PDF]

				Y. Mao, J. Hu, A.-M. Ugnat, R. Semenciw, and S. Fincham Socioeconomic status and lung cancer risk in Canada Int. J. Epidemiol., August 1, 2001; 30(4): 809 - 817. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J. P Pierce and E. A Gilpin News media coverage of smoking and health is associated with changes in population rates of smoking cessation but not initiation Tob. Control, June 1, 2001; 10(2): 145 - 153. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				D. H. A. I. HOFFMANN Ernst L Wynder MD DrSc hc (mult) Dr med hc, 1922-1999 Tob. Control, December 1, 1999; 8(4): 444 - 445. [Full Text]

				K. El-Bayoumy, M. Iatropoulos, S. Amin, D. Hoffmann, and E. L. Wynder Increased Expression of Cyclooxygenase-2 in Rat Lung Tumors Induced by the Tobacco-specific Nitrosamine 4-(Methylnitrosamino)-4-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone: The Impact of a High-Fat Diet Cancer Res., April 1, 1999; 59(7): 1400 - 1403. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]