Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers & Prevention, Vol 4, Issue 4 319-326, Copyright © 1995 by American Association for Cancer Research

ARTICLES

Progesterone and estrogen receptors and mammary neoplasia in the Iowa Women's Health Study: how many kinds of breast cancer are there?

JD Potter, JR Cerhan, TA Sellers, PG McGovern, C Drinkard, LR Kushi and AR Folsom
Division of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis 55454, USA.

Characterization of breast tumors on both estrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PR) status suggests distinct biological and clinical profiles. We hypothesized that these tumor subtypes might also show specific differences in their relations with epidemiologic risk factors. Risk factors were assessed via a questionnaire mailed in January 1986 to 37,105 cancer-free women, ages 55-69 years: the Iowa Women's Health Study. To the end of 1992 (241,627 person-years of follow-up), 939 incident breast cancers were ascertained by the Iowa population-based Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Cancer Registry. Joint ER and PR status was determined on a total of 610 (65%) tumors. Three patterns of association were seen in relation to epidemiologic risk factors. Endogenous hormone exposure variables--parity, age at first birth, age at menarche, body mass index, and body fat distribution as defined by waist-to-hip ratio--showed their expected pattern of associations only with PR+ breast cancers. In age- adjusted and polychotomous logistic regression analyses, both ER-PR- and ER+PR- breast cancers showed evidence of an inverted pattern of associations with several risk factors compared with that seen for ER+PR+ cancers [including parity (ER-PR-), waist-to-hip ratio (ER-PR-), body mass index (both), body mass index at age 18 years (ER-PR-), history of bilateral oophorectomy (ER+PR-), and oral contraceptive use (ER+PR-)]. Family history was not associated with ER+PR- cancers; only 8 (8%) of 99 patients with this subtype had a family history of breast cancer compared with 16% of all other types combined.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

This article has been cited by other articles:

				S. Deandrea, R. Talamini, R. Foschi, M. Montella, L. Dal Maso, F. Falcini, C. La Vecchia, S. Franceschi, and E. Negri Alcohol and Breast Cancer Risk Defined by Estrogen and Progesterone Receptor Status: A Case-Control Study Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev., August 1, 2008; 17(8): 2025 - 2028. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				A. I. Phipps, K. E. Malone, P. L. Porter, J. R. Daling, and C. I. Li Body Size and Risk of Luminal, HER2-Overexpressing, and Triple-Negative Breast Cancer in Postmenopausal Women Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev., August 1, 2008; 17(8): 2078 - 2086. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				A. Fournier, A. Fabre, S. Mesrine, M.-C. Boutron-Ruault, F. Berrino, and F. Clavel-Chapelon Use of Different Postmenopausal Hormone Therapies and Risk of Histology- and Hormone Receptor-Defined Invasive Breast Cancer J. Clin. Oncol., March 10, 2008; 26(8): 1260 - 1268. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				A. Bardia, C. M. Vachon, J. E. Olson, R. A. Vierkant, A. H. Wang, L. C. Hartmann, T. A. Sellers, and J. R. Cerhan Relative Weight at Age 12 and Risk of Postmenopausal Breast Cancer Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev., February 1, 2008; 17(2): 374 - 378. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				K. Britt, A. Ashworth, and M. Smalley Pregnancy and the risk of breast cancer Endocr. Relat. Cancer, December 1, 2007; 14(4): 907 - 933. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				C. I. Li, A. J. Littman, and E. White Relationship between Age Maximum Height Is Attained, Age at Menarche, and Age at First Full-Term Birth and Breast Cancer Risk Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev., October 1, 2007; 16(10): 2144 - 2149. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				A. M. Brewster, K.-A. Do, P. A. Thompson, K. M. Hahn, A. A. Sahin, Y. Cao, M. M. Stewart, J. L. Murray, G. N. Hortobagyi, and M. L. Bondy Relationship Between Epidemiologic Risk Factors and Breast Cancer Recurrence J. Clin. Oncol., October 1, 2007; 25(28): 4438 - 4444. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				V. A. Kirsh, N. Kreiger, M. Cotterchio, M. Sloan, and B. Theis Nonsteroidal Antiinflammatory Drug Use and Breast Cancer Risk: Subgroup Findings Am. J. Epidemiol., September 15, 2007; 166(6): 709 - 716. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				S. M. Zhang, I-M. Lee, J. E. Manson, N. R. Cook, W. C. Willett, and J. E. Buring Alcohol Consumption and Breast Cancer Risk in the Women's Health Study Am. J. Epidemiol., March 15, 2007; 165(6): 667 - 676. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				B. N. Fink, S. E. Steck, M. S. Wolff, J. A. Britton, G. C. Kabat, J. C. Schroeder, S. L. Teitelbaum, A. I. Neugut, and M. D. Gammon Dietary Flavonoid Intake and Breast Cancer Risk among Women on Long Island Am. J. Epidemiol., March 1, 2007; 165(5): 514 - 523. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				A. Bardia, L. C. Hartmann, C. M. Vachon, R. A. Vierkant, A. H. Wang, J. E. Olson, T. A. Sellers, and J. R. Cerhan Recreational Physical Activity and Risk of Postmenopausal Breast Cancer Based on Hormone Receptor Status Arch Intern Med, December 11, 2006; 166(22): 2478 - 2483. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				L. U. Rosenberg, K. Einarsdottir, E. I. Friman, S. Wedren, P. W. Dickman, P. Hall, and C. Magnusson Risk Factors for Hormone Receptor-Defined Breast Cancer in Postmenopausal Women Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev., December 1, 2006; 15(12): 2482 - 2488. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				E. Cho, W. Y. Chen, D. J. Hunter, M. J. Stampfer, G. A. Colditz, S. E. Hankinson, and W. C. Willett Red meat intake and risk of breast cancer among premenopausal women. Arch Intern Med, November 13, 2006; 166(20): 2253 - 2259. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				S. A. Adams, C. E. Matthews, J. R. Hebert, C. G. Moore, J. E. Cunningham, X.-O. Shu, J. Fulton, Y. Gao, and W. Zheng Association of physical activity with hormone receptor status: the shanghai breast cancer study. Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev., June 1, 2006; 15(6): 1170 - 1178. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				H.-J. Kim, X. Cui, S. G. Hilsenbeck, and A. V. Lee Progesterone Receptor Loss Correlates with Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2 Overexpression in Estrogen Receptor-Positive Breast Cancer Clin. Cancer Res., February 1, 2006; 12(3): 1013s - 1018s. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				R. Suzuki, W. Ye, T. Rylander-Rudqvist, S. Saji, G. A. Colditz, and A. Wolk Alcohol and Postmenopausal Breast Cancer Risk Defined by Estrogen and Progesterone Receptor Status: A Prospective Cohort Study J Natl Cancer Inst, November 2, 2005; 97(21): 1601 - 1608. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				X. Cui, R. Schiff, G. Arpino, C. K. Osborne, and A. V. Lee Biology of Progesterone Receptor Loss in Breast Cancer and Its Implications for Endocrine Therapy J. Clin. Oncol., October 20, 2005; 23(30): 7721 - 7735. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				S. M. Eng, M. D. Gammon, M. B. Terry, L. H. Kushi, S. L. Teitelbaum, J. A. Britton, and A. I. Neugut Body Size Changes in Relation to Postmenopausal Breast Cancer among Women on Long Island, New York Am. J. Epidemiol., August 1, 2005; 162(3): 229 - 237. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				K.-M. Lee, J.-Y. Choi, C. Kang, C. P. Kang, S. K. Park, H. Cho, D.-Y. Cho, K.-Y. Yoo, D.-Y. Noh, S.-H. Ahn, et al. Genetic Polymorphisms of Selected DNA Repair Genes, Estrogen and Progesterone Receptor Status, and Breast Cancer Risk Clin. Cancer Res., June 15, 2005; 11(12): 4620 - 4626. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				S. R. Cummings, J. S. Lee, L.-Y. Lui, K. Stone, B. M. Ljung, J. A. Cauleys, and for the Study of Osteoporotic Fractures Research G Sex Hormones, Risk Factors, and Risk of Estrogen Receptor-Positive Breast Cancer in Older Women: A Long-term Prospective Study Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev., May 1, 2005; 14(5): 1047 - 1051. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				G. A. Colditz Epidemiology and Prevention of Breast Cancer Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev., April 1, 2005; 14(4): 768 - 772. [Full Text] [PDF]

				H. B. Nichols, A. Trentham-Dietz, R. R. Love, J. M. Hampton, P. T. Hoang Anh, D. C. Allred, S. K. Mohsin, and P. A. Newcomb Differences in Breast Cancer Risk Factors by Tumor Marker Subtypes among Premenopausal Vietnamese and Chinese Women Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev., January 1, 2005; 14(1): 41 - 47. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				S. R. Gorla, N. Hou, S. Acharya, A. Rademaker, S. Khan, V. Staradub, and M. Morrow A Predictive Model for the Development of Hormone-Responsive Breast Cancer Ann. Surg. Oncol., January 1, 2005; 12(1): 48 - 56. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				Y.-C. Chen and D. J. Hunter Molecular Epidemiology of Cancer CA Cancer J Clin, January 1, 2005; 55(1): 45 - 54. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				M. D. Althuis, J. H. Fergenbaum, M. Garcia-Closas, L. A. Brinton, M. P. Madigan, and M. E. Sherman Etiology of Hormone Receptor-Defined Breast Cancer: A Systematic Review of the Literature Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev., October 1, 2004; 13(10): 1558 - 1568. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				M. M. Gaudet, J. A. Britton, G. C. Kabat, S. Steck-Scott, S. M. Eng, S. L. Teitelbaum, M. B. Terry, A. I. Neugut, and M. D. Gammon Fruits, Vegetables, and Micronutrients in Relation to Breast Cancer Modified by Menopause and Hormone Receptor Status Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev., September 1, 2004; 13(9): 1485 - 1494. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				M. J. Borugian, S. B. Sheps, C. Kim-Sing, C. Van Patten, J. D. Potter, B. Dunn, R. P. Gallagher, and T. G. Hislop Insulin, Macronutrient Intake, and Physical Activity: Are Potential Indicators of Insulin Resistance Associated with Mortality from Breast Cancer? Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev., July 1, 2004; 13(7): 1163 - 1172. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				M. Widschwendter, K. D. Siegmund, H. M. Muller, H. Fiegl, C. Marth, E. Muller-Holzner, P. A. Jones, and P. W. Laird Association of Breast Cancer DNA Methylation Profiles with Hormone Receptor Status and Response to Tamoxifen Cancer Res., June 1, 2004; 64(11): 3807 - 3813. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				G. A. Colditz, B. A. Rosner, W. Y. Chen, M. D. Holmes, and S. E. Hankinson Risk Factors for Breast Cancer According to Estrogen and Progesterone Receptor Status J Natl Cancer Inst, February 4, 2004; 96(3): 218 - 228. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				C. Stripp, K. Overvad, J. Christensen, B. L. Thomsen, A. Olsen, S. Moller, and A. Tjonneland Fish Intake Is Positively Associated with Breast Cancer Incidence Rate J. Nutr., November 1, 2003; 133(11): 3664 - 3669. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				M. Cotterchio, N. Kreiger, B. Theis, M. Sloan, and S. Bahl Hormonal Factors and the Risk of Breast Cancer According to Estrogen- and Progesterone-Receptor Subgroup Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev., October 1, 2003; 12(10): 1053 - 1060. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				C. I. Li, K. E. Malone, P. L. Porter, N. S. Weiss, M.-T. C. Tang, and J. R. Daling The Relationship between Alcohol Use and Risk of Breast Cancer by Histology and Hormone Receptor Status among Women 65-79 Years of Age Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev., October 1, 2003; 12(10): 1061 - 1066. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				Q. Cai, X.-O. Shu, F. Jin, Q. Dai, W. Wen, J.-R. Cheng, Y.-T. Gao, and W. Zheng Genetic Polymorphisms in the Estrogen Receptor {alpha} Gene and Risk of Breast Cancer: Results from the Shanghai Breast Cancer Study Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev., September 1, 2003; 12(9): 853 - 859. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				A. Olsen, A. Tjonneland, B. L. Thomsen, S. Loft, C. Stripp, K. Overvad, S. Moller, and J. H. Olsen Fruits and Vegetables Intake Differentially Affects Estrogen Receptor Negative and Positive Breast Cancer Incidence Rates J. Nutr., July 1, 2003; 133(7): 2342 - 2347. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				C. I. Li, K. E. Malone, P. L. Porter, N. S. Weiss, M.-T. C. Tang, K. L. Cushing-Haugen, and J. R. Daling Relationship Between Long Durations and Different Regimens of Hormone Therapy and Risk of Breast Cancer JAMA, June 25, 2003; 289(24): 3254 - 3263. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				C. I. Li, J. R. Daling, and K. E. Malone Incidence of Invasive Breast Cancer by Hormone Receptor Status From 1992 to 1998 J. Clin. Oncol., January 1, 2003; 21(1): 28 - 34. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				P. D. Terry and T. E. Rohan Cigarette Smoking and the Risk of Breast Cancer in Women: A Review of the Literature Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev., October 1, 2002; 11(10): 953 - 971. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				T. A. Sellers, R. A. Vierkant, J. R. Cerhan, S. M. Gapstur, C. M. Vachon, J. E. Olson, V. S. Pankratz, L. H. Kushi, and A. R. Folsom Interaction of Dietary Folate Intake, Alcohol, and Risk of Hormone Receptor-defined Breast Cancer in a Prospective Study of Postmenopausal Women Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev., October 1, 2002; 11(10): 1104 - 1107. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J. A. Britton, M. D. Gammon, J. B. Schoenberg, J. L. Stanford, R. J. Coates, C. A. Swanson, N. Potischman, K. E. Malone, D. J. Brogan, J. R. Daling, et al. Risk of Breast Cancer Classified by Joint Estrogen Receptor and Progesterone Receptor Status among Women 20-44 Years of Age Am. J. Epidemiol., September 15, 2002; 156(6): 507 - 516. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				M. D. Gammon, M. S. Wolff, A. I. Neugut, S. M. Eng, S. L. Teitelbaum, J. A. Britton, M. B. Terry, B. Levin, S. D. Stellman, G. C. Kabat, et al. Environmental Toxins and Breast Cancer on Long Island. II. Organochlorine Compound Levels in Blood Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev., August 1, 2002; 11(8): 686 - 697. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				L. S. Kinsinger, R. Harris, S. H. Woolf, H. C. Sox, and K. N. Lohr Chemoprevention of Breast Cancer: A Summary of the Evidence for the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force Ann Intern Med, July 2, 2002; 137(1): 59 - 69. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				G. Ursin, C.-C. Tseng, A. Paganini-Hill, S. Enger, P. C. Wan, S. Formenti, M. C. Pike, and R. K. Ross Does Menopausal Hormone Replacement Therapy Interact With Known Factors to Increase Risk of Breast Cancer? J. Clin. Oncol., February 1, 2002; 20(3): 699 - 706. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				T. A. Sellers, J. Davis, J. R. Cerhan, R. A. Vierkant, J. E. Olson, V. S. Pankratz, J. D. Potter, and A. R. Folsom Interaction of Waist/Hip Ratio and Family History on the Risk of Hormone Receptor-defined Breast Cancer in a Prospective Study of Postmenopausal Women Am. J. Epidemiol., February 1, 2002; 155(3): 225 - 233. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				K. W. Singletary and S. M. Gapstur Alcohol and Breast Cancer: Review of Epidemiologic and Experimental Evidence and Potential Mechanisms JAMA, November 7, 2001; 286(17): 2143 - 2151. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J. F. Dorgan, D. J. Baer, P. S. Albert, J. T. Judd, E. D. Brown, D. K. Corle, W. S. Campbell, T. J. Hartman, A. A. Tejpar, B. A. Clevidence, et al. Serum Hormones and the Alcohol-Breast Cancer Association in Postmenopausal Women J Natl Cancer Inst, May 2, 2001; 93(9): 710 - 715. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				Y. Yasui, J. D. Potter, J. L. Stanford, M. A. Rossing, M. D. Winget, M. Bronner, and J. Daling Breast Cancer Risk and "Delayed" Primary Epstein-Barr Virus Infection Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev., January 1, 2001; 10(1): 9 - 16. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				W. F. Anderson, K. C. Chu, N. Chatterjee, O. Brawley, and L. A. Brinton Tumor Variants by Hormone Receptor Expression in White Patients With Node-Negative Breast Cancer From the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Database J. Clin. Oncol., January 1, 2001; 19(1): 18 - 27. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				S. M. Enger, R. K. Ross, A. Paganini-Hill, C. L. Carpenter, and L. Bernstein Body Size, Physical Activity, and Breast Cancer Hormone Receptor Status: Results from Two Case-Control Studies Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev., July 1, 2000; 9(7): 681 - 687. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				P. A. Thompson and C. Ambrosone Chapter 7: Molecular Epidemiology of Genetic Polymorphisms in Estrogen Metabolizing Enzymes in Human Breast Cancer J Natl Cancer Inst Monographs, July 1, 2000; 2000(27): 125 - 134. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				C. GAJDOS, P. I. TARTTER, and A. BABINSZKI Breast Cancer Diagnosed During Hormone Replacement Therapy Obstet. Gynecol., April 1, 2000; 95(4): 513 - 518. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]