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Anthocyanin/Polyphenolic–Rich Fruit Juice Reduces Oxidative Cell Damage in an Intervention Study with Patients on Hemodialysis

¹ Division of Food Chemistry and Toxicology, Department of Chemistry, and ² Department of Mathematics, University of Kaiserslautern; ³ Westpfalz-Klinikum, Medizinische Klinik III, Kaiserslautern, Germany; and ⁴ Section of Wine Analysis and Beverage Technology, Geisenheim Research Center, Geisenheim, Germany

Requests for reprints: Christine Janzowski, Department of Chemistry, Division of Food Chemistry and Toxicology, University of Kaiserslautern, Erwin-Schroedinger-Strasse 52, 67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany. Phone: 49-631-205-2532; Fax: 49-631-205-3085. E-mail: janzo{at}rhrk.uni-kl.de

Hemodialysis patients face an elevated risk of cancer, arteriosclerosis, and other diseases, ascribed in part to increased oxidative stress. Red fruit juice with high anthocyanin/polyphenol content had been shown to reduce oxidative damage in healthy probands. To test its preventive potential in hemodialysis patients, 21 subjects in a pilot intervention study consumed 200 mL/day of red fruit juice (3-week run-in; 4-week juice uptake; 3-week wash-out). Weekly blood sampling was done to monitor DNA damage (comet assay ± formamidopyrimidine-DNA glycosylase enzyme), glutathione, malondialdehyde, protein carbonyls, trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity, triglycerides, and DNA binding capacity of the transcription factor nuclear factor-B. Results show a significant decrease of DNA oxidation damage (P < 0.0001), protein and lipid peroxidation (P < 0.0001 and P < 0.001, respectively), and nuclear factor-B binding activity (P < 0.01), and an increase of glutathione level and status (both P < 0.0001) during juice uptake. We attribute this reduction in oxidative (cell) damage in hemodialysis patients to the especially high anthocyanin/polyphenol content of the juice. This provides promising perspectives into the prevention of chronic diseases such as cancer and cardiovascular disease in population subgroups exposed to enhanced oxidative stress like hemodialysis patients. (Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2008;17(12):3372–80)