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Serum Heat Shock Protein 70 Levels and Lung Cancer Risk: A Case-Control Study Nested in a Large Cohort Study

¹ Departments of Public Health, Fujita Health University School of Health Sciences, Toyoake, Japan; Departments of ² Preventive Medicine/Biostatistics and Medical Decision Making and ³ Public Health/Health Information Dynamics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine; ⁴ Division of Epidemiology and Prevention, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Japan, ⁵ Department of Hygiene, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Japan; ⁶ Department of Nursing, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan; ⁷ Kyoto University Center for Student Health; ⁸ Division of Epidemiology, Miyagi Prefectural Cancer Center, Natori, Japan and ⁹ Department of Epidemiology for Community Health and Medicine, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto, Japan

Requests for reprints: Koji Suzuki, Department of Public Health, Fujita Health University School of Helath Sciences, 1-98 Dengakugakubo, Kutsukake-cho, Toyoake, Aichi 470-1192, Japan. Phone: 81-562-93-2537. E-mail: ksuzuki{at}fujita-hu.ac.jp

Chronic inflammation contributes to the process of carcinogenesis, but few epidemiologic studies have examined associations with risk of lung cancer. Relationships between lung cancer risk and serum levels of both heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70) and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) were investigated in a case-control study nested in the Japan Collaborative Cohort Study for Evaluation of Cancer Risk. Serum samples and lifestyle information were collected at baseline from 39,242 men and women between 1988 and 1990. Of these, 240 deaths from lung cancer were identified through 1999, and 569 controls were matched for sex, age, and study area. Serum levels were measured in 189 cases and 377 controls for Hsp70 and in 209 cases and 425 controls for hsCRP. Odds ratios (95% confidence intervals) across quartiles, adjusted for confounding factors, including smoking habits, were 0.83 (0.44-1.58), 1.41 (0.77-2.60), and 1.84 (0.92-3.71) for Hsp70 (P_trend = 0.042) and 1.13 (0.67-1.91), 0.66 (0.38-1.16), and 1.19 (0.70-2.02) for hsCRP (P_trend = 0.941). In males, odds ratios (95% confidence intervals) across quartiles were 1.30 (0.59-2.84), 1.74 (0.83-3.67), and 2.49 (1.06-5.85) for Hsp70 (P_trend = 0.029). High levels of serum Hsp70 might thus be associated with increased risk of lung cancer among Japanese males, although further studies are needed to clarify associations between chronic inflammation and lung cancer. (Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2006;15(9):1733–7)

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