This Article Full Text Full Text (PDF) Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Services Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal Download to citation manager Citing Articles Citing Articles via HighWire Citing Articles via Google Scholar Google Scholar Articles by Zhou, W. Articles by Christiani, D. C. Search for Related Content PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by Zhou, W. Articles by Christiani, D. C.

Polymorphisms of Vitamin D Receptor and Survival in Early-Stage Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer Patients

Departments of ¹ Environmental Health, ² Biostatistics, ³ Nutrition, and ⁴ Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health; ⁵ Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, ⁶ Department of Biostatistics and Computational Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, ⁷ Thoracic Surgery Unit, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, and ⁸ Channing Laboratory, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts

Requests for reprints: Wei Zhou, Occupational Health Program, Harvard School of Public Health, 665 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02115. Phone: 617-432-1641. Fax: 617-432-6981. E-mail: wzhou{at}hsph.harvard.edu

Our previous analysis suggested that surgery season in the summer time and high vitamin D intake are associated with improved survival in early-stage non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. Here, we investigated the associations of vitamin D receptor (VDR) polymorphisms of Cdx-2 G>A, FokI C>T, and BsmI C>T with overall survival (OS) and recurrence-free survival (RFS) in 373 early-stage NSCLC patients. The data were analyzed using log-rank test and Cox proportional hazards models. The median follow-up time was 71 months (range, 0.1-140 months), with 186 deaths and 127 recurrences. There was no association between VDR polymorphisms and survival, overall or among adenocarcinoma patients. Among squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) patients, the G/A+A/A genotype group of the Cdx-2 polymorphism was associated with better OS: the 5-year OS rates were 41% [95% confidence interval (95% CI), 28-53] for the G/G and 55% (95% CI, 39-71) for the G/A+A/A genotypes, respectively (P = 0.04, log-rank test), with the adjusted hazard ratio of 0.56 (95% CI, 0.33-0.95) for G/A+A/A versus G/G. For the joint effects of the three polymorphisms, subjects with two or more "protective" alleles have better OS among SCC patients, with the adjusted hazard ratios of 0.20 (95% CI, 0.09-0.48), 0.40 (95% CI, 0.19-0.87), and 0.43 (95% CI, 0.19-0.97), respectively, for subjects with two, three, and four or more "protective" alleles when compared with subjects with zero or one "protective" allele (P_trend = 0.71). Similar associations were found in haplotype analysis and for RFS among SCC patients. In conclusion, VDR polymorphisms may be associated with improved survival among SCC patients of early-stage NSCLC. (Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2006;15(11):2239–45)

This article has been cited by other articles:

				W. Zhou, R. S. Heist, and D. C. Christiani In Reply J. Clin. Oncol., December 1, 2007; 25(34): 5538 - 5539. [Full Text] [PDF]