This Article Full Text Full Text (PDF) Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Services Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal Download to citation manager Citing Articles Citing Articles via HighWire Citing Articles via Google Scholar Google Scholar Articles by Tehard, B. Articles by Clavel-Chapelon, F. Search for Related Content PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by Tehard, B. Articles by Clavel-Chapelon, F.

Effect of Physical Activity on Women at Increased Risk of Breast Cancer: Results from the E3N Cohort Study

¹ Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France; ² Division of Population Health and Information, Alberta Cancer Board, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; ³ IARC, Lyon, France; and ⁴ Department of Nutrition, Hôtel-Dieu Hospital, University Pierre-et-Marie Curie, Paris, France

Requests for reprints: Francoise Clavel-Chapelon, Equipe Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale Nutrition, Hormones et Cancer, Institut Gustave Roussy, 39 rue Camille Desmoulins, 94805 Villejuif Cedex, France. Phone: 33-1-4211-4148; Fax: 33-1-4211-4000. E-mail: clavel{at}igr.fr

Purpose: There is a need to investigate the type, duration, frequency, and intensity of physical activity that are critical to reduce the risk of breast cancer, and if this relation differs among subgroups of women.

Methods: We analyzed the relation between physical activity and breast cancer incidence between 1990 and 2002 (n = 3,424 cases), among 90,509 women of the French E3N cohort, ages between 40 and 65 years in 1990. We gave special attention to effect modification by body mass index (BMI), family history of breast cancer, parity, and hormone replacement therapy (HRT).

Results: A linear decrease in risk of breast cancer was observed with increasing amounts of moderate (P_trend < 0.01) and vigorous (P_trend < 0.0001) recreational activities. Compared with women who reported no recreational activities, those with more than five weekly hours of vigorous recreational activity had a relative risk of 0.62 (0.49-0.78). This decrease was still observed among women who were overweight, nulliparous, had a family history of breast cancer, or used HRT. Compared with the whole cohort, among nulliparous women, the reduction of risk observed was of a higher magnitude, although the test for heterogeneity did not reach statistical significance.

Conclusion: A risk reduction of breast cancer was particularly observed with vigorous recreational activity. Further investigations are needed to confirm that intensity is an important variable to consider in risk reduction and to identify the precise biological mechanisms involved in such a risk reduction. (Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2006;15(1):57–64)

This article has been cited by other articles:

				C M Friedenreich and A E Cust Physical activity and breast cancer risk: impact of timing, type and dose of activity and population subgroup effects Br. J. Sports Med., August 1, 2008; 42(8): 636 - 647. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				M. Lajous, M.-C. Boutron-Ruault, A. Fabre, F. Clavel-Chapelon, and I. Romieu Carbohydrate intake, glycemic index, glycemic load, and risk of postmenopausal breast cancer in a prospective study of French women Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, May 1, 2008; 87(5): 1384 - 1391. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				Y. M. Coyle, X.-J. Xie, C. M. Lewis, D. Bu, S. Milchgrub, and D. M. Euhus Role of Physical Activity in Modulating Breast Cancer Risk as Defined by APC and RASSF1A Promoter Hypermethylation in Nonmalignant Breast Tissue Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev., February 1, 2007; 16(2): 192 - 196. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				B. L. Sprague, A. Trentham-Dietz, P. A. Newcomb, L. Titus-Ernstoff, J. M. Hampton, and K. M. Egan Lifetime Recreational and Occupational Physical Activity and Risk of In situ and Invasive Breast Cancer Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev., February 1, 2007; 16(2): 236 - 243. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				P. H. Lahmann, C. Friedenreich, A. J. Schuit, S. Salvini, N. E. Allen, T. J. Key, K.-T. Khaw, S. Bingham, P. H.M. Peeters, E. Monninkhof, et al. Physical Activity and Breast Cancer Risk: The European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev., January 1, 2007; 16(1): 36 - 42. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]