This Article Full Text Full Text (PDF) Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Services Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal Download to citation manager Citing Articles Citing Articles via HighWire Citing Articles via Google Scholar Google Scholar Articles by Anderson, K. E. Articles by Sinha, R. Search for Related Content PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by Anderson, K. E. Articles by Sinha, R.

Dietary Intake of Heterocyclic Amines and Benzo(a)Pyrene: Associations with Pancreatic Cancer

¹ School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota; ² National Center for Toxicological Research, Jefferson; ³ Department of Ambulatory Care and Prevention, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care, Boston, Massachusetts; ⁴ Central Arkansas Veterans Healthcare System and Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas; and ⁵ National Cancer Institute, Rockville, Maryland

Requests for reprints: Kristin E. Anderson, Division of Epidemiology, University of Minnesota, 1300 South Second Street #300, Minneapolis, MN 55454. Phone: 612-626-8568; Fax: 612-624-0315. E-mail: anderson_k{at}epi.umn.edu

Objective: Heterocyclic amines (HCA) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, formed in temperature- and time-dependent manners during the cooking of meat, are mutagens and carcinogens. We sought to assess the association between dietary intake of HCA and benzo(a)pyrene [B(a)P] and exocrine pancreatic cancer in a population-based case-control study.

Methods: Subjects (193 cases and 674 controls) provided information on their usual meat intake and preparation method, e.g., stewed, fried, or grilled/barbecued, etc. Meat doneness preferences were measured using photographs that showed internal doneness and external brownness. We used a meat-derived HCA, B(a)P, and mutagen database with a questionnaire to estimate intake of PhIP, DiMeIQx, MeIQx, B(a)P, and mutagenic activity (revertants/g of daily meat intake). Data were analyzed with unconditional logistic regression.

Results: In analyses adjusted for age, sex, smoking, education, race, and diabetes, the odds ratio and 95% confidence interval for the highest compared with the lowest quintile were as follows: PhIP, 1.8 (1.0-3.1); DiMeIQx, 2.0 (1.2-3.5); MeIQx, 1.5 (0.9-2.7); B(a)P, 2.2 (1.2-4.0); and mutagenic activity, 2.4 (1.3-4.3).

Conclusions: HCAs and B(a)P from well-done barbecued and pan-fried meats may be associated with increased risk for pancreatic cancer.

This article has been cited by other articles:

				H. Suzuki, J. S. Morris, Y. Li, M. A. Doll, D. W. Hein, J. Liu, L. Jiao, M. M. Hassan, R. S. Day, M. L. Bondy, et al. Interaction of the cytochrome P4501A2, SULT1A1 and NAT gene polymorphisms with smoking and dietary mutagen intake in modification of the risk of pancreatic cancer Carcinogenesis, June 1, 2008; 29(6): 1184 - 1191. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				R. Z. Stolzenberg-Solomon, A. J. Cross, D. T. Silverman, C. Schairer, F. E. Thompson, V. Kipnis, A. F. Subar, A. Hollenbeck, A. Schatzkin, and R. Sinha Meat and Meat-Mutagen Intake and Pancreatic Cancer Risk in the NIH-AARP Cohort Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev., December 1, 2007; 16(12): 2664 - 2675. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J Zhang, I Dhakal, H Yan, M Phillips, and H Kesteloot Trends in pancreatic cancer incidence in nine SEER Cancer Registries, 1973 2002 Ann. Onc., July 1, 2007; 18(7): 1268 - 1279. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				D. Li, R. S. Day, M. L. Bondy, R. Sinha, N. T. Nguyen, D. B. Evans, J. L. Abbruzzese, and M. M. Hassan Dietary Mutagen Exposure and Risk of Pancreatic Cancer Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev., April 1, 2007; 16(4): 655 - 661. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]