| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
Short Communication |
1 The James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute, The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, 2 Department of Epidemiology, The Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, and 3 The National Institute of Aging Intramural Research Program, Harbor Hospital, Baltimore, Maryland
Requests for reprints: J. Kellogg Parsons, The Brady Urological Institute, The Johns Hopkins Hospital, 600 North Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD 21287. Phone: 410-955-4494; Fax: 410-955-0833. E-mail: parsonsk{at}jhmi.edu
Objective: A potential risk of testosterone replacement therapy is an increase in the incidence of prostate cancer, but it is unclear whether higher levels of serum testosterone are associated with a higher risk of prostate cancer. We prospectively evaluated serum androgen concentrations and prostate cancer risk.
Method: Included were 794 members of the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging. We estimated the rate ratio (RR) of prostate cancer by entering serial measures of serum total testosterone, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate, sex hormone binding globulin, calculated free testosterone, and free testosterone index (FTI) into a Cox proportional hazards regression model with simple updating.
Results: Higher calculated free testosterone was associated with an increased age-adjusted risk of prostate cancer {RRs by quartile: 1.00, 1.52 [95% confidence interval (95% CI), 0.93-2.50], 1.16 (95% CI, 0.61-2.20), 2.59 (95% CI, 1.28-5.25); Ptrend = 0.03}, which persisted after excluding measures in men <45 years of age [RRs by quartile: 1.00, 1.33 (95% CI, 0.78-2.25), 1.26 (95% CI, 0.68-2.33), 1.89 (95% CI, 0.99-3.61); Ptrend = 0.03]. Compared to men with eugonadal FTI (
0.153), men with hypogonadal FTI had a decreased risk of prostate cancer (RR, 0.51; 95% CI, 0.31-0.82).
Conclusion: Higher levels of calculated serum free testosterone are associated with an increased risk of prostate cancer. These findings suggest that men receiving testosterone therapy should be regularly monitored for prostate cancer and underscore the need for prospective trials of testosterone therapy incorporating incidence of prostate cancer as a primary safety end point.
This article has been cited by other articles:
|
|
 |
|
  G. N. Farhat, E. Taioli, J. A. Cauley, J. M. Zmuda, E. Orwoll, D. C. Bauer, T. J. Wilt, A. R. Hoffman, T. M. Beer, J. M. Shikany, et al. The Association of Bone Mineral Density with Prostate Cancer Risk in the Osteoporotic Fractures in Men (MrOS) Study Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev., January 1, 2009; 18(1): 148 - 154. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 C. Wang, E. Nieschlag, R. Swerdloff, H. M. Behre, W. J. Hellstrom, L. J. Gooren, J. M. Kaufman, J.-J. Legros, B. Lunenfeld, A. Morales, et al. Investigation, Treatment, and Monitoring of Late-Onset Hypogonadism in Males: ISA, ISSAM, EAU, EAA, and ASA Recommendations J Androl, January 1, 2009; 30(1): 1 - 9. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 C Wang, E Nieschlag, R Swerdloff, H M Behre, W J Hellstrom, L J Gooren, J M Kaufman, J-J Legros, B Lunenfeld, A Morales, et al. Investigation, treatment and monitoring of late-onset hypogonadism in males: ISA, ISSAM, EAU, EAA and ASA recommendations Eur. J. Endocrinol., November 1, 2008; 159(5): 507 - 514. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 S. T. Page, J. K. Amory, and W. J. Bremner Advances in Male Contraception Endocr. Rev., June 1, 2008; 29(4): 465 - 493. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 E. Hormones and Prostate Cancer Collaborative Group Endogenous Sex Hormones and Prostate Cancer: A Collaborative Analysis of 18 Prospective Studies J Natl Cancer Inst, February 6, 2008; 100(3): 170 - 183. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 S. E. Borst, C. F. Conover, C. S. Carter, C. M. Gregory, E. Marzetti, C. Leeuwenburgh, K. Vandenborne, and T. J. Wronski Anabolic effects of testosterone are preserved during inhibition of 5{alpha}-reductase Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab, August 1, 2007; 293(2): E507 - E514. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 L. S. Marks, N. A. Mazer, E. Mostaghel, D. L. Hess, F. J. Dorey, J. I. Epstein, R. W. Veltri, D. V. Makarov, A. W. Partin, D. G. Bostwick, et al. Effect of Testosterone Replacement Therapy on Prostate Tissue in Men With Late-Onset Hypogonadism: A Randomized Controlled Trial. JAMA, November 15, 2006; 296(19): 2351 - 2361. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
N. L. Nock, X. Liu, M. S. Cicek, L. Li, F. Macarie, B. A. Rybicki, S. J. Plummer, G. T. MacLennan, G. Casey, and J. S. Witte Polymorphisms in polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon metabolism and conjugation genes, interactions with smoking and prostate cancer risk. Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev., April 1, 2006; 15(4): 756 - 761. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
| Cancer Research | Clinical Cancer Research |
| Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers & Prevention | Molecular Cancer Therapeutics |
| Molecular Cancer Research | Cancer Prevention Research |
| Cancer Prevention Journals Portal | Cancer Reviews Online |
| Annual Meeting Education Book | Meeting Abstracts Online |
