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Centralized Blood Processing for the Selenium and Vitamin E Cancer Prevention Trial: Effects of Delayed Processing on Carotenoids, Tocopherols, Insulin-Like Growth Factor-I, Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 3, Steroid Hormones, and Lymphocyte Viability

¹ Cancer Prevention Program, Division of Public Health Sciences and ² Public Health Sciences Laboratories, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington; ³ Department of Clinical Cancer Prevention, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas; ⁴ Cancer Prevention Research Unit, Department of Oncology, Jewish General Hospital and McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; ⁵ Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York; ⁶ Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology, and Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California; and ⁷ Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland

Requests for reprints: Alan R. Kristal, Cancer Prevention Program, Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, P.O. Box 19024, M4-B402, Seattle, WA 98109-1024. Phone: 206-667-4686; Fax: 206-667-5977. E-mail: akristal{at}fhcrc.org

This experiment examined the effects of delays in separation and freezing of whole blood components on analytes of interest in studies of prostate cancer prevention, in order to evaluate the feasibility of centralized processing of blood for the multisite Selenium and Vitamin E Cancer Prevention Trial. Blood from 40 healthy men was subjected to four treatment protocols, allowing the contrast of immediate processing to delays of 32, 72, and 144 hours. At 32 hours, simulating refrigerated storage and overnight shipping, there was a 2.9% decrease (95% confidence interval, 0.7-5.1) in insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) but no significant change in carotenoids, tocopherols, testosterone, 3-androstanediol glucuronide (AAG), sex hormone–binding globulin (SHBG) or insulin-like growth factor binding protein 3 (IGFBP3). A 144-hour processing delay, simulating weekend blood collection or shipping delay, resulted in significant changes in -tocopherol (–1.5%), IGF-I (–5.7%), IGFBP3 (–2.9%), SHBG (–4.0%), testosterone (+4.7%), and AAG (+5.5%). The rank-order and intraclass correlations between analytes from blood processed immediately and those subjected to delayed processing were 0.96 or higher for carotenoids, tocopherols, AAG, and SHBG, and between 0.87 and 0.95 for IGF-I, IGFBP3, and testosterone. A 32-hour delay decreased lymphocyte viability from 82.5% to 75.0% (P = 0.45), but a 72-hour delay decreased viability to 36.8% (P < 0.001). Overnight shipping and centralized processing is an acceptable approach to blood collection in large multisite trials examining the cancer-related measures proposed in the Selenium and Vitamin E Cancer Prevention Trial. Longer processing delays, however, have small but statistically significant effects on many analytes and substantially decrease lymphocyte viability.

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