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Human Papillomavirus 16, 18, and 33 Infections and Risk of Prostate Cancer: A Nordic Nested Case-Control Study

¹ Department of Medical Microbiology, Lund University, MAS University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden; ² Institute of Clinical Biochemistry, Rikshospitalet; ³ Norwegian Cancer Registry, Oslo, Norway; ⁴ Helsinki Heart Study; ⁵ Finnish Cancer Registry, Helsinki, Finland; ⁶ Northern Sweden Health and Disease Study, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, and ⁷ Department of Surgery and Perioperative Sciences, Urology and Andrology, Umeå University Hospital, Umeå, Sweden; and ⁸ University of Tampere School of Public Health, Tampere, Finland

Requests for reprints: Joakim Dillner, Department of Medical Microbiology, Lund University, MAS University Hospital, SE-20502 Malmö, Sweden. Phone: 46-762062966; Fax: 11-46-040337312. E-mail: joakim.dillner{at}med.lu.se

Epidemiologic evidence of sexual history has emerged as a consistently found risk factor for prostate cancer. Some studies have reported an association between human papillomavirus (HPV) infections and prostate cancer. We did a nested case-control study within cohorts of more than 200,000 men enrolled in three Nordic biobanking projects. Follow-up using cancer registry linkages identified 804 prospectively occurring prostate cancer cases. Four control subjects per case were randomly selected from eligible sets of matched subjects that were alive and free of cancer at the time of diagnosis of the corresponding case and were matched to cases on biobank cohort, age (±2 years), county of residence, and date of blood sampling (±2 months in the Finnish and Swedish cohorts, ±6 months in the Norwegian cohort). The serum samples were analyzed by standard ELISAs for the presence of immunoglobulin G antibodies against HPV types 16, 18, and 33. The joint HPV-16/HPV-18/HPV-33 seroprevalence in the joint cohort was 13.4% (107 of 799) among cases and 14.0% (363 of 2,596) among controls (odds ratio, 0.94; 95% confidence interval, 0.74-1.19). There were no noteworthy differences when the data were analyzed by different HPV type, country, or antibody levels. Our data do not support an association between serologic markers of HPV-16, HPV-18, and HPV-33 infections and risk of prostate cancer. (Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2005;14(12):2952–5)

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