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Insulin-Like Growth Factors, Insulin-Like Growth Factor-Binding Proteins, and Endometrial Cancer in Postmenopausal Women: Results from a U.S. Case-Control Study

¹ Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics and ² Applied Research Branch, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD; ³ Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of California at Irvine Medical Center, Irvine, CA; ⁴ Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, PA; ⁵ Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Minnesota Health Sciences Center, Minneapolis, MN; ⁶ Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Bowman Gray School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC; ⁷ Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Rush Medical College, Chicago, IL; and ⁸ Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Northwestern University Medical School, Chicago, IL

Requests for reprints: James V. Lacey, Jr., National Cancer Institute, 6120 Executive Boulevard, MSC 7234, Rockville, MD 20852-7234. Fax: (301) 402-0916. E-mail: jimlacey{at}nih.gov

Objective: To assess whether circulating insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), IGF-2, insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-1 (IGFBP-1), or IGFBP-3 were associated with endometrial cancer in postmenopausal women. Study Design: Between 1987 and 1990, we conducted a case-control study of 405 women with endometrial cancer and 297 matched population-based controls. This analysis included 174 postmenopausal cases and 136 controls. Results: In logistic regression models adjusted for potential confounders, higher IGF-1 levels were not positively associated with endometrial cancer: odds ratio (OR) for the highest tertile versus the lowest tertile = 0.63, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.30–1.32. Endometrial cancer was inversely associated with IGF-2 (OR for the highest tertile = 0.35, 95% CI = 0.18–0.69) and IGFBP-3 (OR for the highest tertile = 0.40, 95% CI = 0.21–0.77), and not associated with IGFBP-1. Conclusion: Serum IGF-1, IGF-2, and IGFBP-3, but not IGFBP-1, were inversely associated with endometrial cancer in postmenopausal women. These associations and the potential role of the IGF system in endometrial proliferation and carcinogenesis warrant further research.

Key Words: IGF-1 • uterine cancer • estrogen • progestin • epidemiology

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