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Effects of Alcohol and Menstrual Cycle on Insulin-like Growth Factor-I and Insulin-like Growth Factor Binding Protein-3

¹ National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland and ² Beltsville Human Nutrition Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Beltsville, Maryland

Requests for reprints: Jackie A. Lavigne, Laboratory of Biosystems and Cancer, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, 9000 Rockville Pike, Building 37, Room 5046, Bethesda, MD 20892-4264. Phone: 301-594-8535; Fax: 301-480-2772. E-mail: lavignej{at}mail.nih.gov

Alcohol ingestion and insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) have been associated with increased breast cancer risk, the latter primarily in premenopausal women. We investigated whether alcohol ingestion altered IGF-I or its major binding protein (BP), IGFBP-3, in a controlled feeding study in premenopausal women. We also determined whether IGF-I or IGFBP-3 was affected by menstrual cycle phase. Serum was collected from 31 individuals who were randomly assigned to consume either 0 or 30 g (two drinks) of alcohol daily for three menstrual cycles and who then crossed over to the other alcohol level for three cycles. All calories were provided and weight was maintained during the study. For both alcohol levels, serum was collected during the final cycle at early follicular, periovulatory, and luteal phases. Relative to the follicular phase, IGF-I levels increased by 3.3% and 7.6% in the periovulatory and luteal phases, respectively (P for trend = 0.004). Although alcohol ingestion did not affect this increase, it significantly reduced IGF-I concentrations at all phases (9.5%; P < 0.001), whereas IGFBP-3 was unaffected by either menstrual phase or alcohol. This is the first controlled diet study to show that alcohol decreases serum IGF-I in premenopausal women and that IGF-I significantly increases over the course of the menstrual cycle whether or not alcohol is present.

Key Words: Growth factors and receptors • Diet and cancer • Diet, alcohol, smoking, and other lifestyle risk factors • Hormone synthesis, metabolism, and inhibitors • 01-01-00 Carcinogenesis

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